**GMAS ELA! (5th Grade)

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is written correctly?

• I want to draw two pictures this week.

• I want too draw two pictures this week

• I want to draw to pictures this week.

• I want two draw to pictures this week.

Multiple Choice

Which underlined word in this sentence is misspelled?

Chris took an astronomy course at the science museum, and he looked at the planets with a telescop.

• astronomy

• museum

• planets

• telescop

Multiple Choice

Based on these sentences, what can the reader conclude is MOST LIKELY true about birds?

Nests are dangerous places. They're easy for predators like squirrels and snakes to find, and after a couple of weeks a nest full of chicks can get pretty dirty.

• Baby birds spend only the first few weeks of their lives in a nest.

• After birds leave the nest immediately after hatching.

• After birds hatch, they stay they stay in the same nest until adulthood.

• Birds leave and return to the nest often after hatching.

Multiple Choice

Read the sentence below.

Others were opposed to this idea because they had already asked the king and he refused.

The word opposed means

• excited

• angry

• against

• tired

Multiple Choice

Read the passage and answer the questions.

Some sea creatures are among the world's greatest travelers. Pacific salmon are hatched in rivers, but they return to the sea to grow to full size. After a few years, they journey hundreds of miles to return upstream to the place where they were born. There, they hatch eggs.

The European eel travels even farther and goes in the opposite direction. Unlike the salmon, which hatch in freshwater rivers, this eel comes to life in the salt water of the northern Atlantic Ocean. The very young eels travel 4,000 to 5,000 miles to Europe. They take two years to make the trip. In the freshwater of European rivers, they grow slowly. It can take them thirty years to grow to full size! When they are ready to hatch eggs on their own, they make the journey across the Atlantic in the other direction.

What sentence from the passage BEST supports the idea that Pacific salmon are among the world's greatest travelers?

• "The very young eels travel 4,000 to 5,000 miles to Europe."

• "After a few years, they journey hundreds of miles to return upstream to the place where they were born."

• "When they nare ready to hatch eggs of their own, they make the journey across the Atlantic in the other direction."

• "In the freshwater of the European rivers, they grow slowly."

Multiple Choice

Some sea creatures are among the world's greatest travelers. Pacific salmon are hatched in rivers, but they return to the sea to grow to full size. After a few years, they journey hundreds of miles to return upstream to the place where they were born. There, they hatch eggs.

The European eel travels even farther and goes in the opposite direction. Unlike the salmon, which hatch in freshwater rivers, this eel comes to life in the salt water of the northern Atlantic Ocean. The very young eels travel 4,000 to 5,000 miles to Europe. They take two years to make the trip. In the freshwater of European rivers, they grow slowly. It can take them thirty years to grow to full size! When they are ready to hatch eggs on their own, they make the journey across the Atlantic in the other direction.

The European eel MOST LIKELY lays its eggs in

• European rivers.

• Pacific rivers.

• salt water.

• freshwater.

Multiple Choice

Choose the sentence that uses an incorrect verb:

• the library have a room for music.

• In the room, you can listen to tapes.

• The room has lots of books about music.

• I love spending time there.

Multiple Choice

Helping the Mountain Gorilla

Mountain gorillas live in the rain forests in Rwanda, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. These large, beautiful animals are becoming very rare. They have lost much of their habitat as people move in and take over gorillas' lands. Although there are strict laws protecting gorillas, poachers continue to hunt them.

Scientists observe gorillas to learn about their habits and needs. Then scientists write about their findings in magazines. Concerned readers sometimes contribute money to help safeguard the mountain gorillas.

Many other people are working hard to protect the mountain gorillas. Park rangers patrol the rain forest and arrest poachers. Tourists bring much-needed money into the area, encouraging local residents to protect the gorillas.

What is the passage mainly about?

• mountain gorillas' family relationships

• ways that gorillas are threatened and helped

• scientist who study mountain gorillas

• poachers and wars that threaten gorillas' survival

Multiple Choice

Helping the Mountain Gorilla

Mountain gorillas live in the rain forests in Rwanda, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. These large, beautiful animals are becoming very rare. They have lost much of their habitat as people move in and take over gorillas' lands. Although there are strict laws protecting gorillas, poachers continue to hunt them.

Scientists observe gorillas to learn about their habits and needs. Then scientists write about their findings in magazines. Concerned readers sometimes contribute money to help safeguard the mountain gorillas.

Many other people are working hard to protect the mountain gorillas. Park rangers patrol the rain forest and arrest poachers. Tourists bring much-needed money into the area, encouraging local residents to protect the gorillas.

Which words help you figure out the meaning of habitat?

• "the human population"

• "large, beautiful animals"

• "gorillas' lands"

• "recent civil wars"

Multiple Choice

Helping the Mountain Gorilla

Mountain gorillas live in the rain forests in Rwanda, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. These large, beautiful animals are becoming very rare. They have lost much of their habitat as people move in and take over gorillas' lands. Although there are strict laws protecting gorillas, poachers continue to hunt them.

Scientists observe gorillas to learn about their habits and needs. Then scientists write about their findings in magazines. Concerned readers sometimes contribute money to help safeguard the mountain gorillas.

Many other people are working hard to protect the mountain gorillas. Park rangers patrol the rain forest and arrest poachers. Tourists bring much-needed money into the area, encouraging local residents to protect the gorillas.

The author's purpose for writing this passage is __________

• to entertain readers

• to motivate readers to visit Rwanda

• to explain to readers where Africa is

• to inform readers bout mountain gorillas

Multiple Choice

Helping the Mountain Gorilla

Mountain gorillas live in the rain forests in Rwanda, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. These large, beautiful animals are becoming very rare. They have lost much of their habitat as people move in and take over gorillas' lands. Although there are strict laws protecting gorillas, poachers continue to hunt them.

Scientists observe gorillas to learn about their habits and needs. Then scientists write about their findings in magazines. Concerned readers sometimes contribute money to help safeguard the mountain gorillas.

Many other people are working hard to protect the mountain gorillas. Park rangers patrol the rain forest and arrest poachers. Tourists bring much-needed money into the area, encouraging local residents to protect the gorillas.

Which of the following is a fact?

• Mountain gorillas are beautiful animals.

• Mountain gorillas live in the rain forests in Rwanda, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

• Everyone should send money to help the gorillas.

• Scientist work to arrest poachers.

Multiple Choice

What prefix can you add to the root word satisfied to make a word that means "not satisfied."

• re -

• anti-

• dis-

• pre-

Multiple Choice

In which of the following sentences is the verb underlined?

• She licked her ice cream cone.

• I bought a new bike.

• The kite flew high in the sky.

• I broke a dish in the kitchen.

Multiple Choice

Stonehenge is an ancient monument made up of a group of huge stones. It is located in Wiltshire, England. No one knows who put the stones there or what they are for. Some scientists think that they were put there thousands of years ago by people who worshipped the sun. Through the years, many of the original stones have fallen or have been carried away and used to build other things. But many stones still stand in place. From these stones and other markings, scientists think they know how the monument looked when it was first built. Some think that Stonehenge was built by ancient people to study the sun. These people may have used the monument to predict changes in the seasons-- even eclipses of the sun. Today, Stonehenge is one of the most popular tourists stops in England.

Which of the following is a fact about Stonehenge?

• Scientist know what Stonehenge looked like when it was first built.

• Stonehenge is located in Wiltshire, England.

• Scientists know why Stonehenge was built.

• Stonehenge helped people study eclipses of the sun.

Multiple Choice

Stonehenge is an ancient monument made up of a group of huge stones. It is located in Wiltshire, England. No one knows who put the stones there or what they are for. Some scientists think that they were put there thousands of years ago by people who worshipped the sun. Through the years, many of the original stones have fallen or have been carried away and used to build other things. But many stones still stand in place. From these stones and other markings, scientists think they know how the monument looked when it was first built. Some think that Stonehenge was built by ancient people to study the sun. These people may have used the monument to predict changes in the seasons-- even eclipses of the sun. Today, Stonehenge is one of the most popular tourists stops in England.

Which of the following is an opinion about Stonehenge?

• Some of the stones were carried away.

• Stonehenge is in England.

• The stones are in a circle.

• Stonehenge is the most popular tourist stop in England.

Multiple Choice

Stonehenge is an ancient monument made up of a group of huge stones. It is located in Wiltshire, England. No one knows who put the stones there or what they are for. Some scientists think that they were put there thousands of years ago by people who worshipped the sun. Through the years, many of the original stones have fallen or have been carried away and used to build other things. But many stones still stand in place. From these stones and other markings, scientists think they know how the monument looked when it was first built. Some think that Stonehenge was built by ancient people to study the sun. These people may have used the monument to predict changes in the seasons-- even eclipses of the sun. Today, Stonehenge is one of the most popular tourists stops in England.

Which statement is false?

• Over the years, many stones have fallen or been carried away.

• Stonehenge is in England.

• Only five stones remain as a monument.

• Ancient people may have used the monument to study the sun.

Multiple Choice

During the 1700s, America wanted to gain independence from the British. This caused many struggles between two countries.

The British passes a law in 1765 that required legal papers and other items to have a tax stamp. It was called the Stamp Act. Colonists were forced to pay a fee for the stamp. Secret groups began to work against the requirement of the stamp tax. The law was finally taken away in 1766.

In 1767, the British passed the Townshend Acts. These acts forced people to pay taxes for many items, such as tea, paper, glass, lead, and paint. This wasn't fair.

Colonists were furious. On December 16, 1773, they tossed 342 chests of tea over the sides of ships in Boston Harbor. This was later called the Boston Tea Party. Colonists had shown that they would not accept these laws.

Which of the following sentences from the story states an opinion?

• Te British passed a law in 1765 that required legal papers and other items to have a tax stamp.

• the law was finaly taken away in 1766.

• This was later called the Boston Tea Party.

• This wasn't fair.

Multiple Choice

Sound

It is easy to take sounds for granted. But do you really know what sound is? Sound is caused by something quivering back and forth. This shaking motion is called vibration. Vibrations travel through the air, and you hear them as sounds. You can hear many sounds at the same time because the air can carry many vibrations at one time. Different sounds are created according to how fast something vibrates. The faster it vibrates, the higher the sound. A slower vibration causes a lower sound.

Unpleasant sounds are called noise. Some noise can be harmful to your hearing. Loud noises, such as those from airplanes or machines, can even cause a hearing loss. But other sounds, such as music or talking, are not dangerous - just pleasant.

The main idea of this passage is about

• SOUND

• VIBRATION

• NOISE

• HEARNING LOSS

Multiple Choice

Sound

It is easy to take sounds for granted. But do you really know what sound is? Sound is caused by something quivering back and forth. This shaking motion is called vibration. Vibrations travel through the air, and you hear them as sounds. You can hear many sounds at the same time because the air can carry many vibrations at one time. Different sounds are created according to how fast something vibrates. The faster it vibrates, the higher the sound. A slower vibration causes a lower sound.

Unpleasant sounds are called noise. Some noise can be harmful to your hearing. Loud noises, such as those from airplanes or machines, can even cause a hearing loss. But other sounds, such as music or talking, are not dangerous - just pleasant.

Noise, as discussed in this passage, is ________________.

• pleasant

• a secondary idea

• not dangerous

• the main idea

Multiple Choice

Sound

It is easy to take sounds for granted. But do you really know what sound is? Sound is caused by something quivering back and forth. This shaking motion is called vibration. Vibrations travel through the air, and you hear them as sounds. You can hear many sounds at the same time because the air can carry many vibrations at one time. Different sounds are created according to how fast something vibrates. The faster it vibrates, the higher the sound. A slower vibration causes a lower sound.

Unpleasant sounds are called noise. Some noise can be harmful to your hearing. Loud noises, such as those from airplanes or machines, can even cause a hearing loss. But other sounds, such as music or talking, are not dangerous - just pleasant.

Sound is caused by __________________.

• music and talking

• vibrations in the air

• airplanes and machines

• the air carrying noise

Multiple Choice

Sound

It is easy to take sounds for granted. But do you really know what sound is? Sound is caused by something quivering back and forth. This shaking motion is called vibration. Vibrations travel through the air, and you hear them as sounds. You can hear many sounds at the same time because the air can carry many vibrations at one time. Different sounds are created according to how fast something vibrates. The faster it vibrates, the higher the sound. A slower vibration causes a lower sound.

Unpleasant sounds are called noise. Some noise can be harmful to your hearing. Loud noises, such as those from airplanes or machines, can even cause a hearing loss. But other sounds, such as music or talking, are not dangerous - just pleasant.

Different sounds are made __________________.

• by your hearing

• according to how hot the air becomes

• according to how noisy something is

• according to how fast something vibrates

Multiple Choice

Sound

It is easy to take sounds for granted. But do you really know what sound is? Sound is caused by something quivering back and forth. This shaking motion is called vibration. Vibrations travel through the air, and you hear them as sounds. You can hear many sounds at the same time because the air can carry many vibrations at one time. Different sounds are created according to how fast something vibrates. The faster it vibrates, the higher the sound. A slower vibration causes a lower sound.

Unpleasant sounds are called noise. Some noise can be harmful to your hearing. Loud noises, such as those from airplanes or machines, can even cause a hearing loss. But other sounds, such as music or talking, are not dangerous - just pleasant.

Faster vibrations ________________.

• never cause hearing loss

• always cause unpleasant sounds

• cause higher sounds

• travel through the air several at a time

Multiple Choice

Home Alone

"Are you sure you're going to be all right at home alone?" Yong's mother asked.

"Yes, Mom," Yong replied, trying not to roll her yes. "I'm old enough to stay here alone for three hours." Yong's mom and dad were going to a barbecue that afternoon. Since kids weren't invited, Yong was staying home alone. It was the first time her parents had left her home by herself. Yong was a little nervous, but she was sure she could handle it.

"Let me give you a last-minute quiz to make sure," her dad said. Yong's father was a teacher, and he was always giving her little tests. "What happens if somebody calls and asks for your mom or me?"

"I tell them that you are busy and can't come to the phone right now," Yong said. 'Then I take a message."

"What if there is a knock on the door?" asked her dad.

"I don't answer it, because I can't let anyone in anyway."

"Okay, here's a tough one." Her father looked very serious. "What if you hear ghosts in the closets?"

"Dad!" Yong giggled. "Our house isn't haunted. I'll be fine. Look, I have the phone number of the house where you'll be, so I can call if I need to. I've got the numbers for the police, the fire department, and the poison control center. I won't turn on the stove or leave the house. And I'll double lock the doors behind you when you leave."

Yong's parents were satisfied. They hugged her good-bye and left for the afternoon. Yong sat for a few minutes and enjoyed the quiet of the empty house. Then she went to the kitchen to fix herself a snack. She opened the cupboard door. Then she jumped back, startled. There was a ghost in the cupboard! Yong laughed and laughed. Her dad had taped up a picture of a ghost. It said, "BOO! We love you!"

What is the setting of this story?

• the beach

• a barbecue

• Yong's house

• a haunted house

Multiple Choice

Home Alone

"Are you sure you're going to be all right at home alone?" Yong's mother asked.

"Yes, Mom," Yong replied, trying not to roll her yes. "I'm old enough to stay here alone for three hours." Yong's mom and dad were going to a barbecue that afternoon. Since kids weren't invited, Yong was staying home alone. It was the first time her parents had left her home by herself. Yong was a little nervous, but she was sure she could handle it.

"Let me give you a last-minute quiz to make sure," her dad said. Yong's father was a teacher, and he was always giving her little tests. "What happens if somebody calls and asks for your mom or me?"

"I tell them that you are busy and can't come to the phone right now," Yong said. 'Then I take a message."

"What if there is a knock on the door?" asked her dad.

"I don't answer it, because I can't let anyone in anyway."

"Okay, here's a tough one." Her father looked very serious. "What if you hear ghosts in the closets?"

"Dad!" Yong giggled. "Our house isn't haunted. I'll be fine. Look, I have the phone number of the house where you'll be, so I can call if I need to. I've got the numbers for the police, the fire department, and the poison control center. I won't turn on the stove or leave the house. And I'll double lock the doors behind you when you leave."

Yong's parents were satisfied. They hugged her good-bye and left for the afternoon. Yong sat for a few minutes and enjoyed the quiet of the empty house. Then she went to the kitchen to fix herself a snack. She opened the cupboard door. Then she jumped back, startled. There was a ghost in the cupboard! Yong laughed and laughed. Her dad had taped up a picture of a ghost. It said, "BOO! We love you!"

What is the plot of this story?

• Yong's dad does not trust her.

• Yong is staying home by herself for the first time.

• Yong finds a ghost in the cupboard.

Multiple Choice

Home Alone

"Are you sure you're going to be all right at home alone?" Yong's mother asked.

"Yes, Mom," Yong replied, trying not to roll her yes. "I'm old enough to stay here alone for three hours." Yong's mom and dad were going to a barbecue that afternoon. Since kids weren't invited, Yong was staying home alone. It was the first time her parents had left her home by herself. Yong was a little nervous, but she was sure she could handle it.

"Let me give you a last-minute quiz to make sure," her dad said. Yong's father was a teacher, and he was always giving her little tests. "What happens if somebody calls and asks for your mom or me?"

"I tell them that you are busy and can't come to the phone right now," Yong said. 'Then I take a message."

"What if there is a knock on the door?" asked her dad.

"I don't answer it, because I can't let anyone in anyway."

"Okay, here's a tough one." Her father looked very serious. "What if you hear ghosts in the closets?"

"Dad!" Yong giggled. "Our house isn't haunted. I'll be fine. Look, I have the phone number of the house where you'll be, so I can call if I need to. I've got the numbers for the police, the fire department, and the poison control center. I won't turn on the stove or leave the house. And I'll double lock the doors behind you when you leave."

Yong's parents were satisfied. They hugged her good-bye and left for the afternoon. Yong sat for a few minutes and enjoyed the quiet of the empty house. Then she went to the kitchen to fix herself a snack. She opened the cupboard door. Then she jumped back, startled. There was a ghost in the cupboard! Yong laughed and laughed. Her dad had taped up a picture of a ghost. It said, "BOO! We love you!"

What is the main reason Yong's dad keeps asking her questions?

• He wants to make sure she knows all the emergency phone numbers.

• He wants to make sure she will be safe while they are gone.

• He likes giving her quizzes.

• He played a trick on her.

Multiple Choice

Home Alone

"Are you sure you're going to be all right at home alone?" Yong's mother asked.

"Yes, Mom," Yong replied, trying not to roll her yes. "I'm old enough to stay here alone for three hours." Yong's mom and dad were going to a barbecue that afternoon. Since kids weren't invited, Yong was staying home alone. It was the first time her parents had left her home by herself. Yong was a little nervous, but she was sure she could handle it.

"Let me give you a last-minute quiz to make sure," her dad said. Yong's father was a teacher, and he was always giving her little tests. "What happens if somebody calls and asks for your mom or me?"

"I tell them that you are busy and can't come to the phone right now," Yong said. 'Then I take a message."

"What if there is a knock on the door?" asked her dad.

"I don't answer it, because I can't let anyone in anyway."

"Okay, here's a tough one." Her father looked very serious. "What if you hear ghosts in the closets?"

"Dad!" Yong giggled. "Our house isn't haunted. I'll be fine. Look, I have the phone number of the house where you'll be, so I can call if I need to. I've got the numbers for the police, the fire department, and the poison control center. I won't turn on the stove or leave the house. And I'll double lock the doors behind you when you leave."

Yong's parents were satisfied. They hugged her good-bye and left for the afternoon. Yong sat for a few minutes and enjoyed the quiet of the empty house. Then she went to the kitchen to fix herself a snack. She opened the cupboard door. Then she jumped back, startled. There was a ghost in the cupboard! Yong laughed and laughed. Her dad had taped up a picture of a ghost. It said, "BOO! We love you!"

Who are the main characters in this story?

• Yong, her mom, and her dad.

• Yong and her friend Sam.

• Yong, her dad, and the dog.

• Yong and her dad.

Multiple Choice

Home Alone

"Are you sure you're going to be all right at home alone?" Yong's mother asked.

"Yes, Mom," Yong replied, trying not to roll her yes. "I'm old enough to stay here alone for three hours." Yong's mom and dad were going to a barbecue that afternoon. Since kids weren't invited, Yong was staying home alone. It was the first time her parents had left her home by herself. Yong was a little nervous, but she was sure she could handle it.

"Let me give you a last-minute quiz to make sure," her dad said. Yong's father was a teacher, and he was always giving her little tests. "What happens if somebody calls and asks for your mom or me?"

"I tell them that you are busy and can't come to the phone right now," Yong said. 'Then I take a message."

"What if there is a knock on the door?" asked her dad.

"I don't answer it, because I can't let anyone in anyway."

"Okay, here's a tough one." Her father looked very serious. "What if you hear ghosts in the closets?"

"Dad!" Yong giggled. "Our house isn't haunted. I'll be fine. Look, I have the phone number of the house where you'll be, so I can call if I need to. I've got the numbers for the police, the fire department, and the poison control center. I won't turn on the stove or leave the house. And I'll double lock the doors behind you when you leave."

Yong's parents were satisfied. They hugged her good-bye and left for the afternoon. Yong sat for a few minutes and enjoyed the quiet of the empty house. Then she went to the kitchen to fix herself a snack. She opened the cupboard door. Then she jumped back, startled. There was a ghost in the cupboard! Yong laughed and laughed. Her dad had taped up a picture of a ghost. It said, "BOO! We love you!"

What do you learn about Yong's dad?

• He has a good job.

• He is very serious.

• He is very quiet.

• He has a good sense of humor.

Multiple Choice

Eugene Aserinsky and the Dreaming Brain

Have you ever wondered what happens to the brains during sleep? Do our brains just shut off and rest throughout the night, or do they remain active?

In 1953, a scientist named Eugene Aserinsky asked these same questions. To find the answers, he decided to do an experiment. He closely observed a number- of babies during sleep to see if their eyes moved beneath their lids. He noticed the babies had very slow eye movements when they first fell asleep. Then he noticed something very interesting. At certain times during sleep, the babies' eyes began to move very rapidly. They seemed to move very rapidly. They seemed to move as if the baby was awake and playing outside. Eugene called these periods of sleep "Rapid Eye Movement," or "R.E.M." for short.

Aserinsky then decided to try the same experiment with adults. He found the same thing. Adults also had rapid eye movements. These movements lasted between three minutes to nearly an hour. Aserinsky decided to awaken the adults when their eyes were moving rapidly. He asked them what they were seeing. The adults reported that they were dreaming. Aserinsky also awakened the adults when there was no eye movement. During these times, the adults did not report any dreams.

This experiment showed that sleep has different stages. During some stages, the brain is active. During others, it is not. Aserinsky's discovery, scientists believed that sleep had only one stage. Aserinsky forever changed the world's view of sleep.

Aserinsky watched various subjects sleep because he wanted to know

• why people sleep for hours at a time.

• what happens while people are asleep.

• what people dream about while sleeping.

• why people sleep without dreaming.

Multiple Choice

Eugene Aserinsky and the Dreaming Brain

Have you ever wondered what happens to the brains during sleep? Do our brains just shut off and rest throughout the night, or do they remain active?

In 1953, a scientist named Eugene Aserinsky asked these same questions. To find the answers, he decided to do an experiment. He closely observed a number- of babies during sleep to see if their eyes moved beneath their lids. He noticed the babies had very slow eye movements when they first fell asleep. Then he noticed something very interesting. At certain times during sleep, the babies' eyes began to move very rapidly. They seemed to move very rapidly. They seemed to move as if the baby was awake and playing outside. Eugene called these periods of sleep "Rapid Eye Movement," or "R.E.M." for short.

Aserinsky then decided to try the same experiment with adults. He found the same thing. Adults also had rapid eye movements. These movements lasted between three minutes to nearly an hour. Aserinsky decided to awaken the adults when their eyes were moving rapidly. He asked them what they were seeing. The adults reported that they were dreaming. Aserinsky also awakened the adults when there was no eye movement. During these times, the adults did not report any dreams.

This experiment showed that sleep has different stages. During some stages, the brain is active. During others, it is not. Aserinsky's discovery, scientists believed that sleep had only one stage. Aserinsky forever changed the world's view of sleep.

According to the passage, babies and adults

• have very different sleep patterns.

• do not dream while sleep.

• both experience Rapid Eye Movement.

• have slow eye movements when dreaming.

Multiple Choice

Eugene Aserinsky and the Dreaming Brain

Have you ever wondered what happens to the brains during sleep? Do our brains just shut off and rest throughout the night, or do they remain active?

In 1953, a scientist named Eugene Aserinsky asked these same questions. To find the answers, he decided to do an experiment. He closely observed a number- of babies during sleep to see if their eyes moved beneath their lids. He noticed the babies had very slow eye movements when they first fell asleep. Then he noticed something very interesting. At certain times during sleep, the babies' eyes began to move very rapidly. They seemed to move very rapidly. They seemed to move as if the baby was awake and playing outside. Eugene called these periods of sleep "Rapid Eye Movement," or "R.E.M." for short.

Aserinsky then decided to try the same experiment with adults. He found the same thing. Adults also had rapid eye movements. These movements lasted between three minutes to nearly an hour. Aserinsky decided to awaken the adults when their eyes were moving rapidly. He asked them what they were seeing. The adults reported that they were dreaming. Aserinsky also awakened the adults when there was no eye movement. During these times, the adults did not report any dreams.

This experiment showed that sleep has different stages. During some stages, the brain is active. During others, it is not. Aserinsky's discovery, scientists believed that sleep had only one stage. Aserinsky forever changed the world's view of sleep.

What is the main idea of the passage?

• Babies dream more than adults.

• People always dream while sleeping.

• Scientists want to know what happens when people sleep.

• The human brain has different stages of activity when asleep.

Multiple Choice

Eugene Aserinsky and the Dreaming Brain

Have you ever wondered what happens to the brains during sleep? Do our brains just shut off and rest throughout the night, or do they remain active?

In 1953, a scientist named Eugene Aserinsky asked these same questions. To find the answers, he decided to do an experiment. He closely observed a number- of babies during sleep to see if their eyes moved beneath their lids. He noticed the babies had very slow eye movements when they first fell asleep. Then he noticed something very interesting. At certain times during sleep, the babies' eyes began to move very rapidly. They seemed to move very rapidly. They seemed to move as if the baby was awake and playing outside. Eugene called these periods of sleep "Rapid Eye Movement," or "R.E.M." for short.

Aserinsky then decided to try the same experiment with adults. He found the same thing. Adults also had rapid eye movements. These movements lasted between three minutes to nearly an hour. Aserinsky decided to awaken the adults when their eyes were moving rapidly. He asked them what they were seeing. The adults reported that they were dreaming. Aserinsky also awakened the adults when there was no eye movement. During these times, the adults did not report any dreams.

This experiment showed that sleep has different stages. During some stages, the brain is active. During others, it is not. Aserinsky's discovery, scientists believed that sleep had only one stage. Aserinsky forever changed the world's view of sleep.

What caught Aserinsky's attention when watching babies sleep?

• He noticed that they did not move much.

• He watched their eyes move as if they were playing.

• He found that they slept without dreaming.

• He did not see any movement beneath their eyelids.

Multiple Choice

The Pueblo People

The Pueblo are one of the oldest peoples in North America. The Pueblo are descendants from an even older Southwestern culture called the Anasazi, which is Navajo for "ancient ones." Their villages developed in what is now the Southwestern area of the United States, including parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah.

Pueblo means "village" in Spanish. Pueblo homes are apartment-like buildings made of stone or adobe. An underground room, called a kiva, is used for special ceremonies.

Today, pueblo villages may still be made of adobe or stone. Like the old villages, rooms are often added onto a building make more room as a village grows. An entire village might live in one building. Unlike the earlier buildings, these modern-day Pueblo buildings often have windows and doors.

The main idea of the whole passage is that the Pueblo -

• live in apartments.

• have a long history.

• live in the Southwest.

• have special ceremonies.

Multiple Choice

The Pueblo People

The Pueblo are one of the oldest peoples in North America. The Pueblo are descendants from an even older Southwestern culture called the Anasazi, which is Navajo for "ancient ones." Their villages developed in what is now the Southwestern area of the United States, including parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah.

Pueblo means "village" in Spanish. Pueblo homes are apartment-like buildings made of stone or adobe. An underground room, called a kiva, is used for special ceremonies.

Today, pueblo villages may still be made of adobe or stone. Like the old villages, rooms are often added onto a building make more room as a village grows. An entire village might live in one building. Unlike the earlier buildings, these modern-day Pueblo buildings often have windows and doors.

A key word to the main idea in the first paragraph is -

• oldest

• developed.

• Arizona.

• Utah.

Multiple Choice

The Pueblo People

The Pueblo are one of the oldest peoples in North America. The Pueblo are descendants from an even older Southwestern culture called the Anasazi, which is Navajo for "ancient ones." Their villages developed in what is now the Southwestern area of the United States, including parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah.

Pueblo means "village" in Spanish. Pueblo homes are apartment-like buildings made of stone or adobe. An underground room, called a kiva, is used for special ceremonies.

Today, pueblo villages may still be made of adobe or stone. Like the old villages, rooms are often added onto a building make more room as a village grows. An entire village might live in one building. Unlike the earlier buildings, these modern-day Pueblo buildings often have windows and doors.

The second paragraph tells about Pueblo's -

• homes.

• economy.

• religious beliefs.

• ancestors.

Multiple Choice

The Pueblo People

The Pueblo are one of the oldest peoples in North America. The Pueblo are descendants from an even older Southwestern culture called the Anasazi, which is Navajo for "ancient ones." Their villages developed in what is now the Southwestern area of the United States, including parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah.

Pueblo means "village" in Spanish. Pueblo homes are apartment-like buildings made of stone or adobe. An underground room, called a kiva, is used for special ceremonies.

Today, pueblo villages may still be made of adobe or stone. Like the old villages, rooms are often added onto a building make more room as a village grows. An entire village might live in one building. Unlike the earlier buildings, these modern-day Pueblo buildings often have windows and doors.

The last paragraph -

• describes the Anasazi.

• compares old and modern Pueblo villages.

• explains how to make adobe bricks.

• describes the Pueblo people.

Multiple Choice

The Pueblo People

The Pueblo are one of the oldest peoples in North America. The Pueblo are descendants from an even older Southwestern culture called the Anasazi, which is Navajo for "ancient ones." Their villages developed in what is now the Southwestern area of the United States, including parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah.

Pueblo means "village" in Spanish. Pueblo homes are apartment-like buildings made of stone or adobe. An underground room, called a kiva, is used for special ceremonies.

Today, pueblo villages may still be made of adobe or stone. Like the old villages, rooms are often added onto a building make more room as a village grows. An entire village might live in one building. Unlike the earlier buildings, these modern-day Pueblo buildings often have windows and doors.

Which of the following does NOT support the main idea of the passage?

• The Pueblo are one of the oldest people in North America.

• The Pueblo are descendants of the Anasazi.

• Modern Pueblo villages are similar to old villages.

• A kiva is a room used for special ceremonies.

Multiple Choice

The Storm

The rain began early in the morning. It fell as hard drops, one after another. The sky was full of dark purple clouds. Thunder began as a soft rumble and became louder and louder. Lightning crashed every few minutes making the sky a brillant white.

What is the main idea?

• The farms needed rain.

• The thunder hurt the people's ears.

• Lightning made the sky bright.

• The storm was very strong.

Multiple Choice

As a child, Rochelle would sit in the lving room and listen to her mother play the piano every evening. She began to take lessons as a teenager. She would practice tow hours every day after school. For the first hour, she would practice her music scales. For the second hour, she would practice learning songs. Rochelle loved the smooth feel of the piano keys beneath her fingers. Each of the eighty-eight balck-and-white keys had its own special sound. At night, she would often fall asleep listening to recordings of music by her favorite composers, Mozart and Beethoven. Rochelle liked to dream that, one day, she would play just like the pianists on the recordings.

Rochelle will MOST LIKLEY to practice continue to practice every day because

• she knows she can be world-famous pianist.

• she loves everything about piano playing.

• she wants to be better pianist than her mother.

• it helps her relax and fall asleep at night.

Multiple Choice

As a child, Rochelle would sit in the lving room and listen to her mother play the piano every evening. She began to take lessons as a teenager. She would practice tow hours every day after school. For the first hour, she would practice her music scales. For the second hour, she would practice learning songs. Rochelle loved the smooth feel of the piano keys beneath her fingers. Each of the eighty-eight balck-and-white keys had its own special sound. At night, she would often fall asleep listening to recordings of music by her favorite composers, Mozart and Beethoven. Rochelle liked to dream that, one day, she would play just like the pianists on the recordings.

Which detail shows that Rochelle is dedicated to playing the piano?

• Rochelle loves the feel of the piano keys.

• Rochelle's piano has eighty-eight keys.

• Rochelle practices the piano every day.

• Rochelle loves to listen to Mozart.

Multiple Choice

Nothing Exciting

The summer heat of July beat down with a ferocious intensity. Julia stood on her lawn, thinking about going back inside the air-conditioned house. But she could already hear her mother's words, "You should be outdoors. That's what summer vacation is for!" Once Julia had replied, "You mean heat and boredom?" Her mother had answered, "No, adventure and excitement!" Nothing excitement ever happened on Oak Street.

Julia looked toward her neighbor's house. She wished Sofia was home. The Allendes had left yesterday for vacation. Julia remembered her promise to pick up their mail, and she- trudged toward the mailbox.

Just under the big, leafy oak tree, Julia heard something. Was that a squeak? No, it sounded more like a meow! She peered up through the thick branches. High above her head, she could just make out two msmall meyes. "Come down!" Julia cried. The kitten must have been so frightened it wasn't even blinking.

It didn't take long for Julia to convince her mother, the world's biggest animal lover, to call the fire department. And it didn't take long for the red ladder truck to arrive. Julia pointed into the dense tree branches.

"See?" she said to the firefighters as they extended the ladder. "The poor thing is so terrified it can't even move!"

As one of the firefighters reached the branch where the small eyes peered out, he began to laugh. "You'll scare the kitten!" Julia warned.

"Not this kitten," chuckled the firefighter. He reached into the branches and after a tug or two, pulled out a very broken kite. The furry, golden face printed on the kite looked down at Julia with unblinking eyes.

Which sentence from the passage BEST helps you understand the time of year the story take place?

• "The summer heat of July beat down with a ferocious intensity."

• "Nothing exciting ever happened on Oak Street."

• "Just under the big, leafy oak tree, Julia heard something."

• "Julia pointed into the dense tree branches."

Multiple Choice

Nothing Exciting

The summer heat of July beat down with a ferocious intensity. Julia stood on her lawn, thinking about going back inside the air-conditioned house. But she could already hear her mother's words, "You should be outdoors. That's what summer vacation is for!" Once Julia had replied, "You mean heat and boredom?" Her mother had answered, "No, adventure and excitement!" Nothing excitement ever happened on Oak Street.

Julia looked toward her neighbor's house. She wished Sofia was home. The Allendes had left yesterday for vacation. Julia remembered her promise to pick up their mail, and she- trudged toward the mailbox.

Just under the big, leafy oak tree, Julia heard something. Was that a squeak? No, it sounded more like a meow! She peered up through the thick branches. High above her head, she could just make out two msmall meyes. "Come down!" Julia cried. The kitten must have been so frightened it wasn't even blinking.

It didn't take long for Julia to convince her mother, the world's biggest animal lover, to call the fire department. And it didn't take long for the red ladder truck to arrive. Julia pointed into the dense tree branches.

"See?" she said to the firefighters as they extended the ladder. "The poor thing is so terrified it can't even move!"

As one of the firefighters reached the branch where the small eyes peered out, he began to laugh. "You'll scare the kitten!" Julia warned.

"Not this kitten," chuckled the firefighter. He reached into the branches and after a tug or two, pulled out a very broken kite. The furry, golden face printed on the kite looked down at Julia with unblinking eyes.

Which is the MOST LIKELY reason that Julia was outside at the beginning of the story?

• There was nothing to do indoors.

• Sofia was on vacation.

• Her mother felt Julia needed to be outdoors more.

• She wanted something exciting to happen.

Multiple Choice

Nothing Exciting

The summer heat of July beat down with a ferocious intensity. Julia stood on her lawn, thinking about going back inside the air-conditioned house. But she could already hear her mother's words, "You should be outdoors. That's what summer vacation is for!" Once Julia had replied, "You mean heat and boredom?" Her mother had answered, "No, adventure and excitement!" Nothing excitement ever happened on Oak Street.

Julia looked toward her neighbor's house. She wished Sofia was home. The Allendes had left yesterday for vacation. Julia remembered her promise to pick up their mail, and she- trudged toward the mailbox.

Just under the big, leafy oak tree, Julia heard something. Was that a squeak? No, it sounded more like a meow! She peered up through the thick branches. High above her head, she could just make out two msmall meyes. "Come down!" Julia cried. The kitten must have been so frightened it wasn't even blinking.

It didn't take long for Julia to convince her mother, the world's biggest animal lover, to call the fire department. And it didn't take long for the red ladder truck to arrive. Julia pointed into the dense tree branches.

"See?" she said to the firefighters as they extended the ladder. "The poor thing is so terrified it can't even move!"

As one of the firefighters reached the branch where the small eyes peered out, he began to laugh. "You'll scare the kitten!" Julia warned.

"Not this kitten," chuckled the firefighter. He reached into the branches and after a tug or two, pulled out a very broken kite. The furry, golden face printed on the kite looked down at Julia with unblinking eyes.

Which detail from the passage tells why Julia looked the tree?

• She was bored.

• She heard a noise.

• She was on her way to get the mail.

• She was two small eyes.

Multiple Choice

Nothing Exciting

The summer heat of July beat down with a ferocious intensity. Julia stood on her lawn, thinking about going back inside the air-conditioned house. But she could already hear her mother's words, "You should be outdoors. That's what summer vacation is for!" Once Julia had replied, "You mean heat and boredom?" Her mother had answered, "No, adventure and excitement!" Nothing excitement ever happened on Oak Street.

Julia looked toward her neighbor's house. She wished Sofia was home. The Allendes had left yesterday for vacation. Julia remembered her promise to pick up their mail, and she- trudged toward the mailbox.

Just under the big, leafy oak tree, Julia heard something. Was that a squeak? No, it sounded more like a meow! She peered up through the thick branches. High above her head, she could just make out two msmall meyes. "Come down!" Julia cried. The kitten must have been so frightened it wasn't even blinking.

It didn't take long for Julia to convince her mother, the world's biggest animal lover, to call the fire department. And it didn't take long for the red ladder truck to arrive. Julia pointed into the dense tree branches.

"See?" she said to the firefighters as they extended the ladder. "The poor thing is so terrified it can't even move!"

As one of the firefighters reached the branch where the small eyes peered out, he began to laugh. "You'll scare the kitten!" Julia warned.

"Not this kitten," chuckled the firefighter. He reached into the branches and after a tug or two, pulled out a very broken kite. The furry, golden face printed on the kite looked down at Julia with unblinking eyes.

How do you think Julia felt when the firefighter began laughing?

• upset

• happy

• unhappy

• frightened

Open Ended

Nothing Exciting

The summer heat of July beat down with a ferocious intensity. Julia stood on her lawn, thinking about going back inside the air-conditioned house. But she could already hear her mother's words, "You should be outdoors. That's what summer vacation is for!" Once Julia had replied, "You mean heat and boredom?" Her mother had answered, "No, adventure and excitement!" Nothing excitement ever happened on Oak Street.

Julia looked toward her neighbor's house. She wished Sofia was home. The Allendes had left yesterday for vacation. Julia remembered her promise to pick up their mail, and she- trudged toward the mailbox.

Just under the big, leafy oak tree, Julia heard something. Was that a squeak? No, it sounded more like a meow! She peered up through the thick branches. High above her head, she could just make out two msmall meyes. "Come down!" Julia cried. The kitten must have been so frightened it wasn't even blinking.

It didn't take long for Julia to convince her mother, the world's biggest animal lover, to call the fire department. And it didn't take long for the red ladder truck to arrive. Julia pointed into the dense tree branches.

"See?" she said to the firefighters as they extended the ladder. "The poor thing is so terrified it can't even move!"

As one of the firefighters reached the branch where the small eyes peered out, he began to laugh. "You'll scare the kitten!" Julia warned.

"Not this kitten," chuckled the firefighter. He reached into the branches and after a tug or two, pulled out a very broken kite. The furry, golden face printed on the kite looked down at Julia with unblinking eyes.

How might Julia describe this event to Sofia when she returns? Use details from the passage in your answer.

Multiple Choice

Read the sentence below:

"Maybe I bit off more than I can chew!"

What does this idiom mean?

• to eat too much and feel sick

• to take on a job you can't finish

• to worry about starting something

• to avoid seeing your friends

Multiple Choice

The climbers hiked up the mountain.

Which word in the sentence above is the verb?

• mountain

• the

• hiked

• climbers

Multiple Choice

Which word is a synonym for massive as it is used in the sentence.

A few years back, a fog as thick and massive as a mountain rolled in across the bay.

• giant

• rocky

• moist

• beautiful

Multiple Choice

Then Mr. Fox hung around to see what would happen.

Which does hung around to see what would happen mean?

• hurried off

• stayed

• led

• held on tightly

Multiple Choice

Which word is a synonym for eager as it is used in this sentence?

Actually, I was eager to see those portraits because we have been learning to make portraits in our art classes at school.

• hungry

• serious

• creative

• excitied

Multiple Choice

What does the idiom give me a hand mean?

• Please help me.

• Please wash your hands.

• Handle with care.

• Think of using your hands.

Multiple Choice

What is the best paraphrase of the adage two heads are better than one?

• It's important to use your mind to solve problems.

• Thinking is the best thing you can do.

• Working together is better than one.

• It's always better to think about everything twice.