Rock cycle

Rock/Rock Cycle

EQ: Describe the various types of rocks and explain
the differences in how they are formed

Does anyone know the 3

different types of rocks??

*Rock: Any solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter that occurs naturally as a part of our

planet.

Correct!!

They are:

Now let’s learn more about

them!!

●
Sedimentary

●
Igneous

●
Metamorphic

Sedimentary rocks:

*Type of rock formed by deposition of
sediment derived from pre-existing
rocks

Sedimentary rocks cover 75% of the Earth’s

surface!

●They are formed by 5 basic steps:

○
Weathering- Breaks down rocks

○
Erosion- Moves the sediments

○
Deposition- Drops off the sediments

○
Compaction- Squeezes sediments together

○
Cementation- Glues sediments together

Sedimentary rocks get their energy from wind and water,
since these are the components that move them around.

●There are different kinds of sedimentary rocks, and they
are classified based on the way they form.

○
Clastic- form from mechanical weathering

○
Chemical- form by precipitation of minerals
from solution

○
Organic- form from a buildup of plant or
animal debris

●You can find Sedimentary rocks almost anywhere:

●Ex: exposed cliffs, beaches, close to water sources

Here is an
awesome

mnemonic to

remember the 5

steps a

sedimentary rock

is formed!

Worthless

Eagles

Delivered

Creamy

Cupcakes

END OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK

FORMATION AND OVERVIEW OF

ROCK CYCLE DAY 1

Igneous Rocks:

*Type of rock formed by the
cooling and hardening of molten
materials

Does anyone know what the Latin
word ignis means?

●
Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling and
hardening of lava or magma.

●
When the magma/lava cools it begins to crystalize,
thus forming rocks.

Igneous rocks get their energy from

HEAT (EARTH’S INTERIOR)!!

●
There are 2 types of Igneous rocks

○
This is determined by what location they cool and
harden.

●
Extrusive Igneous rock- cooling and hardening of
lava - occurs on the Earth’s surface

●
Intrusive Igneous rock- cooling and hardening of
magma - occurs below the Earth’s surface

You could find Igneous rocks near a dormant volcano or

one that just erupted. Also, a divergent plate
boundary would be a good place to find them.

Igneous rocks are

classified by:

Texture &

Composition

Name

Cooling Rate

Crystal Size

Coarse
grained

SLOW

LARGE

Fine grained

FAST

SMALL

Glassy

VERY FAST

N/A

Porphyritic

UNEVEN

BOTH

Metamorphic

Rocks:

*Type of rock that was once in the form

of another but has changed by the

influence of heat and pressure

Does anyone know the definition of

metamorphism and what it has to do with

metamorphic rocks?

●
Metamorphic rocks are formed from the partial
melting of existing material (sedimentary or
metamorphic rocks)

●
They obtain their energy from extreme heat and
pressure.

●
A metamorphic rock can be created by these 2
ways:

○
Contact Metamorphism- magma moved onto
exposed rock (HEAT)

○
Regional Metamorphism- Rocks are pushed
together (PRESSURE)

●
The 2 kinds of Metamorphic rocks:

○
Foliated- distinct banding or layers

○
Non-foliated- do not have banding or any layers

Locations of

Metamorphic rocks

Is rock A foliated or

non-foliated? How about rock

B?

●One specific place that scientists mainly find
Metamorphic rocks at are mountain ranges.

●This is because the high pressures have
squeezed different types of rock together to
form Metamorphic rocks

●Metamorphic rocks are also often found near
the sites of living or extinct volcanoes. The heat
caused by magma venting from the volcano
triggers chemical reactions that cause rocks to
undergo metamorphosis.

Copy this diagram on
the back of
latitude/longitude notes

Works Cited

https://www.reference.com/science/can-metamorphic-r
ocks-found-3dd4f3f23f019b44

https://geology.com/rocks/sedimentary-rocks.shtml

https://www.coolkidfacts.com/igneous-rocks-for-kids/