Transcription and Translation Day 1

Base-pairing rules

Open Ended

Where in the cell are proteins made?

Transcription

●DNA is copied into a new
molecule to make a protein.

●This happens within the
Nucleus.

Multiple Select

What are TWO differences between DNA and RNA?

• RNA is made of nucleotides

• RNA is a single-stranded molecule

• Only DNA has genetic information

• RNA contains Uracil in place of Thymine

What is RNA?

RNA Structure

●RNA contains Uracil (U) instead of Thymine (T)

●Single stranded chain of nucleotides

Step one

● Helicase opens DNA

Step two

● RNA polymerase add bases

Let's practice (bottom of page)

● DNA: ATGGCTTAACGTACACAT

● m-RNA:

Let's practice

● DNA: ATGGCTTAACGTACACAT

● m-RNA: UACCGAAUUGCAUGUGUA

Step Three

● m-RNA leaves the nucleus to be translated

by ribosomes.

PART 2: Translation

RNA → Protein

WHERE does Translation happen?

1.

Helicase unzips DNA

2.

RNA polymerase adds
RNA nucleotides

3.

mRNA leaves the
nucleus to go to the
cytoplasm and
ribosomes

4.

mRNA arrives at the
ribosome

Multiple Select

Which correctly matches the cellular process with its location? (Select 2)

• transcription - cytosol

• transcription - nucleus

• translation - ribosome

• translation - nucleus

HOW does translation happen?

1.

Helicase unzips DNA

2.

RNA polymerase adds
RNA nucleotides

3.

mRNA leaves the
nucleus to go to the
cytoplasm and
ribosomes

4.

mRNA arrives at the
ribosome

5.

tRNA attaches amino
acids

Remember…

● Proteins are long chains

of amino acids

● The sequence of amino

acids determines the
protein’s structure and
function

Multiple Choice

What are the building blocks of proteins?

• nucleotides

• DNA

• amino acids

1.

Helicase unzips DNA

2.

RNA polymerase adds
RNA nucleotides

3.

mRNA leaves the nucleus
to go to the cytoplasm
and ribosomes

4.

mRNA arrives at the
ribosome

5.

tRNA attaches amino
acids

6.

Complete protein leaves
the ribosome

Protein Synthesis Review

Base-pairing rules

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Base-pairing rules

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Base-pairing rules

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Base-pairing rules

Decoding the genetic code

DNA

mRNA

tRNA

Protein

Multiple Choice

Using your decoding chart, if the mRNA sequence is CAA, what will the next amino acid on the protein be?

• Arg

• Gln

• Pro

Computer Simulation/Practice

1. Open the link on

schoology titled Protein
Synthesis Simulation

2. Use the simulation to

complete the exit ticket.