Cyber Security - Lesson 2

Cyber Security

1.

Cyber Attacks

2.

Computer Misuse Act (1990)

Poll

Do you think you use strong passwords on your digital accounts?

• Yes

• No

• Not sure

Learning Objectives

1. Define hacking in the context of
   cybersecurity.

2. Explain how a DDoS attack can
   impact the users of online
   services.

3. Identify strategies to reduce the
   chance of a brute force attack
   being successful.

4. Explain the need for the Computer
   Misuse Act (1990).

Hacking

Definition:
Hacking is the unauthorised access or
manipulation of computer systems
and networks.
It is a serious crime and can have
severe consequences for individuals
and organisations.

Examples of hacking include:
• Attempting to gain access to

someone else's computer or
network without permission

• Stealing personal information, such

as passwords or credit card
numbers.

• Distributing malware or viruses to

damage or disrupt computer systems

• Launching a denial of service (DoS)

attack to overload a website or
network.

Multiple Choice

Is hacking a serious crime?

• Yes

• No

Open Ended

What is hacking? Type your DETAILED answer below.

Drag and Drop

An example of hacking is distributing ​

Placeholder

to damage or disrupt computer systems.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

malware

words

computers

keyboards

Drag and Drop

An example of hacking includes what?​

Placeholder

​

Placeholder

​

Placeholder

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

Stealing

personal

information

swaping

protecting

Hackers want data, what is data?

When a system is hacked, the hacker is often
trying to steal the data on that system.
Data are the lists of words and numbers that do
not mean anything by themselves. They are raw
facts and figures.

Examples of data are:
Leeds, tree, 17, yes, no, TV, news, king, lane,
Netflix.

This data can be put together to give
it meaning. This is called processing
the data. This data then becomes
information.

When the data is processed it can
start to build a profile about
someone, e.g.

This person lives at a house on King
Lane, number 17. There is a tree in
the garden. They watch the news on
TV. Yes they have a Netflix account.

Multiple Choice

Whai is data?

• Detailed reports about something

• lists of numbers and words that do not have any meaning

• lists of just numbers that have some meaning

• lists of just words that have some meaning

Multiple Choice

What is information?

• Lists of words and numbers

• Unprocessed data

• Data that has been processed and has meaning

• Data that has no meaning

Open Ended

Explain in your own words the difference between data and information. You must provide a DETAILED answer, with examples.

Hackers are not all bad!

Ethical hackers use their
knowledge to secure and improve
the technology of networks.
They are the good hackers.
They provide an essential service
to organisations by looking for
vulnerabilities that can lead to a
security breach.

Multiple Choice

What is a hacker?

• A computer users

• Someone who makes sure computer rooms are secure when not in use

• Someone who cleans computer systems

• Someone who uses there knowledge to gain access to a computer system

Multiple Choice

What does an ethical hacker do?​

• steals data from a computer system

• finds vunerabilities in a computer system

• breaks computers

Match

Match the following...

• Trys to stops hackers geting in to computer systems

• A way in to a computer system

• Does bad things to computer systems

• Needs to be strong to stop hackers getting in to computer systems

Ethical hacker

Vunerability

Hacker

Passwords

• Ethical hacker

• Vunerability

• Hacker

• Passwords

Why do hackers hack computer systems?

Definition:
Hacking is the gaining unauthorised
access or control of computer
systems and networks.
It is a serious crime and can have
severe consequences for individuals
and organisations.

There are many reasons why hackers
hack. Some of them are:
• To steal data
• To disrupt services
• For financial gain
• For political reasons (espionage

and activism)

• For fun (planting the flag)
• For ethical reasons

Open Ended

Explain the difference between a hacker and an ethical hacker.

DoS and DDoS Attacks

DoS – Denial of Service Attack
DDoS – Distributed Denial of Service Attack
These types of attacks try to shut down
computer servers and networks.
They do this by sending so much data to the
servers that the servers can not handle all of
the data sent to them.
This makes the server crash and not work.
This impacts users because they can not
access their data or accounts.

Reorder

Reorder the following..

• Denial

• of

• Service

• attack

1

2

3

4

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Reorder

Reorder the following

• Distributed

• Denial

• of

• Service

• Attack

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Drag and Drop

DoS and DDos attacks will​

Placeholder

​

Placeholder

a computer server.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

shut

down

start

corrupt

reboot

Fill in the Blanks

Brute Force Attacks

Brute force attacks
use a trial and error
approach to
systematically guess
login details.
A program will run
and guess millions
of words to try and
match them to
users passwords.

Multiple Choice

A brute force attack is what?

• Not locking the door to the computer room

• Someone breaking a computer screen

• Uses trial and error to work out loging details

• A method of protecting yiour account details

Multiple Select

Login details include...

• The computer number

• Password

• Username

• Room number

Multiple Choice

Another word for a hacker is...

• Coder

• Cyber criminal

• Programmer

• User

Passwords ybN34&7$h47(8j

Passwords are one very important
defence against cyber crime.
It is important to have a strong
password for any accounts you
have.
This also applies to organisations
and businesses that store data
about people they have on their
computer systems.

Reorder

Reorder the following

• Strong

• passwords

• are

• very

• important

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Multiple Select

Which two of the following are weak passwords?

• dog

• yt^7vvMb5f

• yellow1

• JgBmmNb((*

Open Ended

1. Explain what would make a strong password.

2. Give three examples of sensible but strong passwords explaining why you consider them strong.

Multiple Select

Which two of the following would be good, strong passwords?

• admin123

• yellowsun12

• GlaPMay&*()$cdF

• ?ellyNi^ht765%$x

Reorder

Reorder the following

• Computer

• Misuse

• Act

• (1990)

1

2

3

4

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Fill in the Blanks

Multiple Choice

How many sections are there in the computer misuse act?

• 2

• 3

• 4

• 5

Multiple Select

Which of the following are the three sections of the Computer Misuse Act?

• Attempting to steal the computer room keys

• Unauthorised access to computer material

• Unauthorised access with intent to commit futher crimes or offences

• Unauthorised acts with intent to impair the operation to computer systems

Open Ended

Explain in detail, how you would protect your home network, devices and accounts from cyber security attacks.

​Extension Tasks

​The next three slides are extension task activities.

You will gain extra marks for each one you complete in detail.

​

Open Ended

1. List all the devices in your home that are connected to the internet.

2. Explain how these devices could get hacked.

3. Explain how you could protect these device from cyber attack.

Open Ended

Russian Cybercrime Group.

In January of 2022, KP Snacks, which manufactures KP Nuts, Hula Hoops, Nik Naks, Tyrell’s, Pom-Bears, and others, suffered a ransomware attack.

Explain what a ransomware attack is

( you can research this to help with your answer)

Open Ended

Amazon Web Service DDoS attack in 2020.

A gigantic DDoS attack took place in February 2020 crippling Amazon Web Services.

Explain in DETAIL what a DDoS attack is.

(you can use the internet to help you)