27-2 The Moon

27-2 The Moon

•Gravity is one sixth of
earth’s (divide your weight
by six)

•No atmosphere as a result

•Up to 127* C during day and
down to –173* C at night

Multiple Choice

Your weight on the moon is ___ of that on Earth

• 1/2

• 1/3

• 1/4

• 1/6

Multiple Choice

An astronaut with a mass of 180 kg on Earth would have a mass of _____ kg on the Moon.

• 30

• 50

• 60

• 180

•Large, dark areas on the Moon are termed Maria.
Represent volcanic flows that occurred before 3 billion years ago.
They average 3km lower in elevation.
•Lighter colored, heavily cratered, areas are known as Highlands
are composed of regolith (broken rock)

Drag and Drop

When you look at the Moon, the dark areas are called ​

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and were formed by ​

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. The lighter regions of the moon are called ​

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and are composed of broken rock called ​

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Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

Maria

volcanic flows

highlands

regolith

Moon rock is similar to Earth rock

•Mare Basalt-- This sample
of mare basalt,

• ~3.7 billion years old,

• Collected by Apollo 17 astronauts.

• The small holes in the sample are
  vesicles, which formed by the
  degassing of the lava as it
  cooled. Courtesy of NASA

Multiple Choice

Just like volcanic rock on Earth _____ in basaltic rocks on the moon are formed by outgassing.

• ridges

• vesicles

• layers

• striations

•Highland breccia --
collected by Apollo 16
astronauts.

• The breccia
  contains basalt fragments
  broken by a meteorite
  impact and welded by the
  heat and pressure of the
  impact process.

• The rock
  is 3.9 billion years old.
  Courtesy of NASA.

Multiple Choice

Breccias are rocks that are found on the Moon's

• Maria

• Highlands

Multiple Choice

Breccias are a made of rock fragments welded together by

• the heat of the meteor impacts with the lunar surface.

• the heat of volcanic blasts.

• the collision of a Mars sized protoplanet wit the Earth.

•Highlands Anorthosite --

• Roughly 50% of the outer
  highlands crust consists of
  the rock anorthosite.

• It is a
  plagioclase-rich rock
  containing some pyroxene,
  with or without olivine.

• The
  sample shown here was
  collected by Apollo 16
  astronauts and is 4.4 billion
  years old.

Multiple Choice

Highlands anorthosite is the _____ aged rock type found on the Moon.

• youngest

• middle

• oldest

Drag and Drop

​ Which two​ minerals are common in highlands anorthosite?​

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​

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Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

plagioclase

pyroxene

quart

orthoclase

biotite

calcite

Giant Impact Hypothesis

•Is believed that a Mars-sized object hit the earth
early in the development of our solar system

•Material ejected from the glancing blow coalesced into the Moon

Impact Craters

•Ejecta is material that fell back to the surface after impact

•Some craters have long
trails of ejecta known as
Rays

Multiple Choice

A long line of ejecta that resulted from a large impact on the moon is called a

• rille

• ray

• highland

• mare

•Long, deep channels that run through
the maria are known as Rilles.

• Hypotheses include: lava channels,
  collapsed lava tubes, but most likely
  caused by thermal erosion

Lunar Interior

•The highlands anorthosite is
dominated by the mineral
plagioclase feldspar.
•anorthosite crystallized early
in the moon's formation from
a global magma ocean.

Multiple Choice

Much like Earth, the moon has a layer called the ________just below the crust

• core

• mantle

• outer core

• lithosphere

Multiple Choice

Also like Earth, the dense iron magnesium rich mineral ______ is found in the lower crust and mantle of the moon

• amphibole

• hornblende

• olivine

• quartz

•Lighter plagioclase floated
upward to form the
anorthosite crust.

•The heavier minerals
olivine and pyroxene
sank toward the bottom
of the magma ocean to
form the moon's upper
mantle.

•The Moon has minor
quakes

•The crust is thinner
on side facing earth

•The Moon may also
have a small iron core

Multiple Choice

Similar to Earth, we can tell what the interior of the Moon is made of due to _____ waves caused by moonquakes

• seismic

• electromagnetic

• electrical

• tidal