ARCH10.3

THEAMERICAN REPUBLIC

Chapter 10:
Jacksonian America

▪ Read pages 190-194.
▪ Put the items in blue in your notes.
▪ Answer the questions that are in this powerpoint.
▪ Study for the Chapter 10 test - Wednesday, January 25.
▪

INSTRUCTIONS

▪ An End to Good Feelings
▪ The People’s President
▪ Internal Controversies
▪ The Jacksonian Legacy

JACKSONIAN AMERICA

THE PEOPLE’S PRESIDENT

▪ Jackson and the Spoils System
▪ Jackson’s Kitchen Cabinet
▪ Jackson and the Indians

▪ Attitudes and Policies
▪ Trouble in the South
▪ The Black Hawk War

THE PEOPLE’S PRESIDENT

▪ Jackson claimed to be the champion of the common man.
▪ He used the powers of the presidency more than anyone else before

him.

▪ Before becoming president, Jackson had been a lawyer, judge, land

speculator, politician, Indian fighter, and planter.

▪ Jackson was the first president from a state west of the original

thirteen states and the first president from a poor family.

INTRODUCTION

Crowds at Jackson’s Inauguration

▪ Jackson replaced nearly one thousand government workers with his

followers.

▪ spoils system - the act of handing out government jobs to loyal

followers

▪ The spoils system aided the growth of political machines.
▪ political machines - organized groups of politicians who sought to

control the government.

JACKSONANDTHE SPOILS SYSTEM

▪ Jackson rarely consulted with his formal Cabinet.
▪ He preferred to consult with another group of men who were his close

friends.

▪ These men became known as Jackson’s “Kitchen Cabinet.”

JACKSON’S KITCHEN CABINET

▪ Many Americans wanted to

remove the Indians from
their lands.

▪ Jackson agreed with this

view and acted on it—with
tragic results.

JACKSONANDTHE INDIANS

▪ In the late 1820s, the Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws, and

Cherokees still owned significant portions of land in the eastern
United States.

▪ Some Americans thought the Indians should be educated and taught

to live like white Americans so that someday they could become U.S.
citizens.

ATTITUDESAND POLICIES

▪ Other Americans thought that

the Indians should be moved
west of the Mississippi.

▪ In the early 1820s, Sequoyah, a

Cherokee scholar, developed a
writing system for them.

ATTITUDESAND POLICIES

▪Indian Removal Act

▪ In 1830, passed by Congress and signed into law by Jackson.
▪ The bill said that Indians who left their lands east of the Mississippi

would be given lands west of the Mississippi.

▪ And it said the national government would pay the costs of moving

and the costs of the first year of settlement.

▪ Several missionaries were arrested for ministering among the Cherokees,

and two were sentenced to serve four years at hard labor.

▪ Samuel Worcester and Elizur Butler,
▪ They appealed to the Supreme Court, and the Supreme Court ruled in

favor of the missionaries.

▪ Worcester v. Georgia

▪ Chief Justice John Marshall ordered Georgia to release the missionaries

and told President Jackson to send troops into Georgia to remove white
prospectors from Cherokee lands.

▪ Jackson ignored the Court.

TROUBLEINTHE SOUTH

▪ Trail of Tears
▪ 1838

▪ the U.S. Army and Georgian troops had forcibly

moved those who had not already gone west to
the Indian Territory (now Oklahoma).

▪ About 4,000 Cherokees died en route to the Indian

Territory.

Samuel Worcester

John Ross, Chief of the Cherokees

Sequoyah developed a Cherokee alphabet.

▪ Black Hawk,

▪ an Indian leader of the Sauk

and Fox tribes of northern
Illinois,

▪ led a resistance
▪ fought alongside the British in

the War of 1812 and was a
friend of Tecumseh

▪ fled with his band to the

swamps of Wisconsin

THE BLACK HAWK WAR

▪ Black Hawk,

▪ Was cornered him and attacked by the militia
▪ Almost all his followers were killed.
▪ Bad Axe Massacre
▪ He surrendered to a band of Winnebago Indians, who turned him

over to the authorities.

THE BLACK HAWK WAR

Chief Black Hawk

The Bad Axe Massacre is so named

because it took place along the Bad Axe River.

Open Ended

 How was Jackson’s attitude toward the common man different from that of earlier presidents?

Open Ended

2. Describe the ruling of the Supreme Court in Worcester v. Georgia and Jackson’s response to it.

Open Ended

3. What did the Cherokees call their forced removal to the Indian Territory? Why?

Open Ended

4. What Indian leader lost most of his followers at the Bad Axe Massacre?

What was the significance of that battle?

Open Ended

In light of popular support for Indian removal, was Jackson’s emphasis on bowing to the will of the people always good? 

Why or why not?