Literasi Bahasa Inggris SNBT - Main Idea

by: Ms. OLine - SMA Al Aziz IBS

• What is the TOPIC of the passage?

• what is the MAIN IDEA of the

passage?

• what is the SUBJECT of the passage?

• what is the writer PRIMARILY

CONCERNED WITH?

• which of the following would be the

BEST TITLE of the passage?

• Read the BEGINNING of every paragraph

• Find the MAIN SUBJECT / TOPIC from

what you have read

• To make sure, skim through the passage to

find what is MOSTLY MENTIONED /

TALKED ABOUT

• Look at the answers and ELIMINATE

CERTAINLY WRONG ANSWERS and

choose the best answer from the options

that remain

General
Information

Key points in a paragraph

usually in a sentence

usually called " TOPIC SENTENCE"

Being placed at the beginning or

at the end of a paragraph

Multiple Choice

What is the main idea?

• Its the author's point of view

• Is what the passage is mostly about

• It is the sequence of the story

Multiple Choice

What is the formula for finding the main idea?

• General subject (topic) + what the author say (supporting details) = main idea

• General subject (topic) + what you say = main idea

• General subject (topic) + general point = main idea

• General point + specific point = main idea

Multiple Choice

Three ways to find the main idea. Look for general versus specific ideas. Use the topic to lead you to the main idea. Use keywords to lead you to the main idea.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

How can a reader locate the subject/topic of a paragraph or passage?

• Remember what you read

• Ask the question who or what is the selection is about, key words and repeated words

• Summarize the paragraph

• Tell the story in your own words

Multiple Choice

What is the stated main idea?

• The author come right out and tells the reader the main idea

• The author makes you guess what the main idea is

• The author underlines the main idea

• The author does not have a main idea in the paragraph or passage

Multiple Choice

What is an implied main idea?

• An idea that needs to be inferred

• An idea that you see in the text

• An idea that is not the main idea

• An idea that your teacher tells you

Multiple Choice

How do you figure out the implied main idea in a paragraph or passage reading?

• Locate the general subject or topic

• Identify and record the supporting details

• Decide how the details relate back to the topic (make inference)

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

What is the main idea of the second paragraph?

• The unfortunate incident happened in the race.

• Rare medals were awarde to Hamblin and D’Agostinos.

• International Olympic Committee praised Hamblin and D’Agostinos.

• Famous New Zealand and American runners were outstanding.

• The way the two runners gave up the semi-final race.

Explicit & Implied
Main Idea

SMA AL AZIZ IBS

Ms. Oline

Explicit Main
Idea

Explicit means
clearly stated
Explicit main
idea is clearly
stated in the
passage
(Usually in the
topic
sentence)

Implied Main
Idea

Implied means that
the author hints at
it; however, it is not
clearly stated in the
passage.
Implied main idea
requires looking at
the supporting
details to
determine the main
idea

Strategies

Look for
repeated words

Repeated words
usually point to
what the topic
may be

Multiple Choice

What does explicit mean?

• Not stated in the passage

• Clearly stated in the passage

Multiple Choice

What does implied mean?

• Clearly stated in the passage

• Not clearly stated in the passage

Multiple Choice

There are many reasons why schools are great places for students. First, students can learn social skills from their classmates and teachers. Second, students are able to form a routine by going to classes daily. Third, the school provides lunches to students who may not get lunch at home.

Is the main idea explicit or implied?

• Explicit

• Implied

Multiple Choice

Busch Gardens is a very fun place to take your family on vacation. You can enjoy the rides in the park and eat delicious food. You can also take your family to the beach for vacation. Your family will love sitting outside and listening to the waves.

• Explicit

• Implied

Multiple Choice

Read the following passage and answer the question:

Maggie was getting ready to walk to school. She put on her coat and grabbed her backpack.

Which of the following is explicitly stated in the paragraph?

• Maggie lives close to the school.

• Maggie put on her coat and grabbed her backpack.

• Maggie is in primary school.

• Maggie is never late to school.

Multiple Choice

Identify the implicit information in the article below:

Maggie was getting ready to walk to school. She put on her coat and grabbed her backpack.

• Maggie was late to school.

• Maggie lives close to the school.

• Maggie was in primary school.

• Maggie is excited about going to school.

Multiple Choice

Read the passage below. Identify the explicit information.

Omar hurried out of the house so he wasn't late for work. He wore overalls and carried a toolbox with wrenches in it. He hopped in his truck and drove off. The sign on his truck said, “Pipe Masters.”

• Omar hurried out of the house so he wasn't late for work.

• Omar enjoys his job.

• Omar is a plumber.

• Omar has a red truck.

Multiple Choice

Identify the implicit information in the following paragraph.

Omar hurried out of the house so he wasn't late for work. He wore overalls and carried a toolbox with wrenches in it. He hopped in his truck and drove off. The sign on his truck said, “Pipe Masters.”

• Omar hurried out of the house so he wasn't late for work

• Omar has a red truck.

• Omar is a plumber.

• Omar enjoys his job.

Multiple Choice

Identify the implicit information.

Ryan was looking forward to sleeping over at his friend Malik's house. Though they had been classmates for a while, the two had only recently become good friends. Ryan packed up his sleeping bag, a pillow, and a few of his favourite toys and games, and then his mam dropped him off at Malik's. Malik met Ryan on the porch and the two did their secret handshake and started playing right away. First they played pirates in Malik's tree fort. Next they played ninjas in the driveway. Then it started getting dark and they went inside of Milak's house. As soon as they walked in the house, Ryan's eyes starting getting red and itchy. He saw a big orange cat sitting on the couch. Then he started sneezing uncontrollably. "I'm sorry, Milak. It's been a lot of fun, but I have to call my mam."

• Ryan is nervous about spending the night.

• Ryan packed up his sleeping bag, a pillow, and a few of his favourite toys and games.

• Ryan is allergic to cats.

• Ryan and Robert had a secret handshake.

Multiple Choice

Identify the explicit information.

Ryan was looking forward to sleeping over at his friend Malik's house. Though they had been classmates for a while, the two had only recently become good friends. Ryan packed up his sleeping bag, a pillow, and a few of his favourite toys and games, and then his mam dropped him off at Malik's. Malik met Ryan on the porch and the two did their secret handshake and started playing right away. First they played pirates in Malik's tree fort. Next they played ninjas in the driveway. Then it started getting dark and they went inside of Milak's house. As soon as they walked in the house, Ryan's eyes starting getting red and itchy. He saw a big orange cat sitting on the couch. Then he started sneezing uncontrollably. "I'm sorry, Milak. It's been a lot of fun, but I have to call my mam."

• Ryan is scared of cats.

• Ryan was looking forward to spending the night at his friend Malik's house.

• Ryan is allergic to cats.

• Ryan is homesick.

Multiple Choice

When something is implicit then the reader can go back and find the information directly in the story.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Fahara wants to buy a new smart phone but she doesn't have the money. Which question from the list below would be considered explicit?

• Why does she need a new phone?

• How is Fahara going to raise the money?

• Why can't Fahara buy the smart phone?

• Where does she plan to buy the phone?

Multiple Choice

Another way of thinking about implicit information is to think of it as......?

• Guessing

• Reading between the lines

• What the narrator doesn't want you to know

• Something that is not suggested at all

Multiple Choice

Why would an author put implicit information into one of their stories?

• To make the reader think deeper about the story.

• Because the author couldn't squeeze it into the story properly.

• To upset the reader with a lack of information.

• To show their writing superiority over the rest of us.

Multiple Choice

What is paragraph 2 mostly about?

• The first woman president

• Nomination to presidents

• Unhappy singaporeans

• Age barrier

• Determining dates

Multiple Choice

The text tells us about … .

• Indonesian festival tourism

• Indonesian festival promotion

• Indonesian coffee festival in Bali

• Tourism and Creative Economy Deputy Minister statement

• Festival of serving all kinds of coffee varieties from Indonesia

Multiple Choice

What is the text about?

• Plastic bottles

• Recyclable products

• A students' flash mob

• Students' ceremony

• Awareness of Environmental issues

Multiple Choice

One the most popular musical instruments is the piano. In the traditional musical instrument classification system of string, woodwind, percussion and brass, the piano falls into two categories. It is considered a string instrument because the sound comes from the strings inside the piano. It is also considered a percussion instrument, since the player strikes the keyboard, which signals an internal hammer to strike the strings.

What is the author's main point?

• The piano is both a string and percussion instrument.

• The piano is a string instrument.

• The piano is a popular instrument.

• The strings of a piano makes the sound.

Multiple Choice

Weather reporters have to give out a lot of information. That's why they use pictures. The pictures help them tell us about the weather without using so many words. Weather reporters need to know where the cold air is. They need to know where the warm air is. They have to know where it is raining and what types of clouds are in the area. Their reports need to be correct, but they also need to be short. The pictures help weather reporters get the information out in a fast way.
Which sentence best describes the main idea of the paragraph?

• Weather reporters need to know where the cold air is

• Pictures help weather reporters get information out in a fast way

• Their reports need to be correct, but they also need to be short

• They have to know where it is raining and what types of clouds are in the area

Multiple Choice

The earth's surface is constantly changing.  All over the world everyday there are earthquakes, floods and volcanoes that quickly change our world. Some changes are too small to see.  Others cause tremendous damage and costs millions of dollars to clean up.
What is the main idea?

• It is expensive to clean up the damage

• Sometimes we can't see the changes. 

• The Earth's surface is always changing.

Multiple Choice

If you are feeling sad, you can make yourself feel better by doing a few simple things. You can take a walk (or get another form of exercise), you can talk to a friend, or you can write down your feelings. Writing down the good things in your life will help too. Doing something good for someone else will also help you feel better. If you still feel a little sad, act happy. It works like magic to make you feel better!
What is the main idea?

• Sometimes people feel sad.

• You should do good things for others.

• We're not always happy.

• There are many ways to make yourself feel better. 

Multiple Choice

IDENTIFY THE MAIN IDEA

Being a clown isn't all fun and games. Rodeo clowns expose themselves to great danger every time they perform. When cowboys dismount or bulls buck them off, rodeo clowns jump in front of the bulls and motion wildly to get their attention. In this way rodeo clowns provide an alternate target, and in doing so protect the rider. Of course, this is a very dangerous thing to do. So you see, sometimes clowning around can be serious business.

• Sometimes clowns can mean serious bussiness.

• Rodeo clowns protect cowboys by putting themselves in danger.

• Cowboys and Rodeo Clowns are constantly in danger.

• A Rodeo bull's attention is easily caught by Rodeo clowns.

Multiple Choice

IDENTIFY THE MAIN IDEA

Sometime in December of 1891, Dr. James Naismith was teaching gym at the YMCA College in Springfield, Massachusetts. It was raining, and Dr. Naismith was trying to keep his students active. He wanted them playing a rough game that would keep them moving. He didn't like a few ideas that were too rough. Then Naismith had his breakthrough. He wrote out the rules for a game with peach baskets fixed to ten-foot elevated tracks. Naismith's students played against one another, passing the ball around and shooting it into the peach baskets. Dribbling wasn't a part of the original game. Also it took a while to realize that the game would run more smoothly if the bottoms of the baskets were removed. But this game grew to be one of the most popular sports in America today. Can you guess which one?

• The most popular sport in America

• Dr. James Naismith's career in teaching

• The invention of Basketball

• How to get students active

Multiple Choice

Seated on his throne, King Midas wore a golden crown. He had golden rings on each finger and held a golden scepter. His vest was embroidered with golden thread and even his shoes had golden ornaments. He had a golden box filled with gold coins. He named his daughter Marigold.
What is the main idea of this paragraph?

• King Midas loved gold.

• King Midas sold lots of gold.

• King Midas had a heart of gold.

• King Midas hated gold.

Multiple Choice

Charlie and the Chocolate Factory Excerpt
By Roald Dahl
Charlie Bucket stared around the gigantic room in which he now found himself. The place was like a witch’s kitchen! All about him black metal pots were boiling and bubbling on huge stoves, and kettles were hissing and pans were sizzling,and strange iron machines were clanking and spluttering, and there were pipes running all over the ceiling and walls, and the whole place was filled with smoke and steam and delicious rich smells. Mr. Wonka himself had suddenly become even more excited than usual, and anyone could see that this was the room he loved best of all. He was hopping about among the saucepans and the machines like a child among his Christmas presents, not knowing which thing to look at first. He lifted the lid from a huge pot and took a sniff; then he rushed over and dipped a finger into a barrel of sticky yellow stuff and had a taste; then he skipped across to one of the machine sand turned half a dozen knobs this way and that; then he peered anxiously through the glass door of a gigantic oven,rubbing his hands and cackling with delight at what he saw inside. Then he ran over to another machine, a small shiny affair that kept going phut-phut-phut-phut-phut, and every time it went phut, a large green marble dropped out of it into a basket on the floor.
What is the main idea?

• Charlie’s discovery of the gigantic room

• the boiling pots and kettles

• seeing the machine that makes green candy

• to learn about the room through Mr.Wonka’s excitement and discoveries

Multiple Choice

Sea of Monsters: Percy & the Olympians Excerpt
By Rick Riordan
My nightmare started like this.I was standing on a deserted street in some little beach town. It was the middle of the night. A storm was blowing.Wind and rain ripped at the palm trees along the sidewalk. Pink and yellow stucco buildings lined the street, their windows boarded up. A block away, past a line of hibiscus bushes, the ocean churned. Florida, I thought. Though I wasn’t sure how I knew that. I’d never been to Florida. Then I heard hooves clattering against the pavement. I turned and saw my friend Grover running for his life. Yeah, I said hooves.Grover is a satyr. From the waist up, he looks like a typical gangly teenager with a peach-fuzz goatee and a bad case of acne. He walks with a strange limp, but unless you happen to catch him without his pants on (which I don’t recommend), you’d never know there was anything unhuman about him. Baggy jeans and fake feet hide the fact that he’s got furry hindquarters and hooves. Grover had been my best friend in sixth grade. He’d gone on this adventure with me and a girl named Annabeth to save the world, but I hadn’t seen him since last July, when he set off alone on a dangerous quest—a quest no satyr had ever returned from.
What is the main idea of the dream?

• Grover is in danger.

• The main character is in danger.

• Florida is in the middle of a hurricane.

• The storm is building.

Multiple Choice

Life of Pi Excerpt
By Yann Martel
I was alone and orphaned, in the middle of the Pacific, hanging on to an oar, an adult tiger in front of me, sharks beneath me, a storm raging about me.Had I considered my prospects in the light of reason, I surely would have given up and let go of the oar,hoping that I might drown before being eaten. But I don’t recall that I had a single thought during those first minutes of relative safety. I didn’t even notice daybreak. I held on to the oar, I just held on, God only knows why. The elements allowed me to go on living.The lifeboat did not sink. Richard Parker kept out of sight. The sharks prowled but did not lunge. The waves splashed me but did not pull me off. I watched the ship as it disappeared with much burbling and belching. Lights flickered and went out. I looked about for my family, for survivors, for another lifeboat, for anything that might bring me hope. There was nothing. Only rain, marauding waves of black ocean and the flotsam of tragedy. The darkness melted away from the sky. The rain stopped.
What is the main idea?

• The tiger keeps the survivors from safety.

• The ship sinks with no survivors.

• The narrator explains the shipwreck and his survival.

• The elements allow the narrator to survive.

Multiple Choice

What is the main idea of the passage?

• A. Cockroaches are vile, disgusting insects with no redeeming qualities.

• B. Cockroaches are genetically resilient insects with beneficial qualities.

• C. Cockroaches are easy to breed and thrive under almost any conditions.

• D. It’s obvious the world will be taken over by cockroaches.

Multiple Choice

What is the main idea of the passage?

• A. Slavery is Abraham Lincoln’s legacy.

• B. Abraham Lincoln’s tragic death overshadows his myriad accomplishments.

• C. Abraham Lincoln was a better than average president.

• D. Abraham Lincoln’s legacy is a combination of his personal traits and heroic accomplishments.

Multiple Choice

What is the main idea of the passage?

• A. Home computers have many uses in the average American home.

• B. Home computers contribute to violent video game usage.

• C. Home computers are used for online social media and medical advice.

• D. Parents and children alike enjoy home computers as they alleviate boredom.

Multiple Choice

What is the main idea of the passage?

• A. Martin Luther King Jr. created the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

• B. Martin Luther King Jr. was a dream analyst.

• C. Martin Luther King Jr. played a significant role in reshaping America’s race relations.

• D. Martin Luther King Jr. believed in racial segregation.

Multiple Choice

What is the main idea of the passage?

• A. Disco began in Paris and has since had brief resurgences of popularity.

• B. Disco is the most accessible music in clubs around the world.

• C. The French really know how to party.

• D. A blend of many genres of music, disco was most popular in the 1970’s.

Multiple Choice

What is the main idea of the passage?

• A. Occupational knowledge is paramount when choosing a career.

• B. Teenagers who don’t know what they want to do professionally will be jobless.

• C. Teenagers should work part time so they know what they want to do later as adults.

• D. Adolescents can do many things when thinking about their future line of employment.

Multiple Choice

What is the main idea of the passage?

• A. Big Macs are disgusting and bad for you.

• B. Americans eat too much fast food as verified with the growing obesity epidemic.

• C. People enjoy the perks of fast food as seen with the expansion of McDonalds.

• D. Peabody, Massachusetts is a tourist trap for burger-loving vacationers.

Multiple Choice

What is the main idea of the passage?

• A. It’s obvious had she lived, Anne Frank would be a famous author.

• B. Anne Frank and her family were brave to have hidden from the Nazis.

• C. Anne Frank’s diary was a voice for her struggles.

• D. Anne Frank lived an all-too brief but profound life as recorded in her diary.

Multiple Choice

What is the main idea of the passage?

• A. Dogs make better pets than cats.

• B. Some breeds of dogs are better than others for city life.

• C. There are many breeds of dogs.

• D. Short-haired dogs are better for cities.

Multiple Choice

What is the main idea of the passage?

• A. Kings are obsessed with wealth, as epitomized by King Midas.

• B. King Midas was lucky and therefore had the Golden Touch.

• C. King Midas had a heart of gold as evidenced by his generosity.

• D. Although he loved gold, King Midas learned the hard way that wealth isn’t everything.