Ted ed - The best way to apologise (according to science)

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Ted ed The best way to apologise (according to science)

The best way to apologise (according to science)

Over the years, people have come up with some truly awful apologies. From classic non-apologies to evasive excuses, and flimsy corporate promises, it’s all too easy to give a bad apology. But researchers have found that good apologies generally share certain elements and thoughtfully considering these factors can help you make amends in a wide variety of situations. Since public apologies have their own unique complications, we’re going to focus on some person-to-person examples. So, picture this: your new office has free ice cream sandwiches in the communal fridge— or at least that’s what you thought. But on Friday, when you’re helping your co-worker Terence set up another colleague's birthday party, he finds that half the ice cream he bought for the celebration is gone.

While this is obviously an embarrassing accident, coming forward and apologising is still the right thing to do. Understanding and accepting responsibility for your actions is what some researchers call the “centrepiece of an apology.” But it’s okay if this feels difficult and vulnerable— it’s supposed to be! The costly nature of apologies is part of what makes them meaningful. So, while you might be tempted to defend your actions as accidental, it’s important to remember that a good apology isn’t about making you feel better. It’s about seeking to understand the perspective of the wronged party and repair the damage to your relationship. This means that while clarifying your intentions non-defensively can be helpful, your mistake being an accident shouldn’t absolve you from offering a sincere apology. 

But what if your mistake wasn’t an accident? Consider this: you promised your friend Marie that you’ll attend her championship football match. But another friend just called to offer you an extra ticket for your favourite musician's farewell tour. You know this is a once-in-a-lifetime chance, and you can’t pass it up. Plus, you figure Marie wouldn’t mind if you miss the game— she always has plenty of fans supporting her. But the next day, Marie tells you she was really hurt when she didn’t see you in the crowd. You feel terrible for upsetting her and genuinely want to apologise. But while you regret hurting Marie, you’re not actually sure if you made the wrong choice. So how can you reach beyond that terrible non-apology, “I’m sorry YOU feel this way”?

In situations like this, it can be easy to focus on rationalising your actions when you should be working to understand the other person’s perspective. Consider asking Marie how you made them feel to better understand your offence. In this case, Marie might explain that she was disappointed you broke your promise, and she was really counting on your support. This kind of clarity can help you recognise your wrongdoing and honestly accept how your actions caused harm. Then you can frame your apology around addressing her concerns, perhaps by admitting that it was wrong of you to break your promise, and you're sorry you weren't there for her. Clearly acknowledging wrongdoing indicates that you know exactly how you messed up, and it can give Marie faith that you’ll behave differently moving forward. 

But it’s always helpful to indicate exactly how you’ll change and what you’ll do to repair the damage caused by your offence. Researchers call this the “offer of repair,” and it's often rated as one of the most critical parts of an apology. In some cases, these gestures are straightforward, like offering to replace the ice cream you eat. However, with less tangible transgressions, this might need to be more symbolic, like expressing your love and respect for someone you wronged. One common offer of repair is a verbal commitment not to make the same mistake again but promising to do better only works if you actually do better. Taking the victim’s perspective, accepting responsibility, and making concrete offers of repair are just a few of the elements of a good apology. But remember, apologies aren’t about getting forgiveness and moving on; they’re about expressing remorse and accepting accountability. And the best apologies are just the first step on the road to reconciliation.

Match

Match the following definitions to the words.

• evasive

• flimsy

• elements

• unique

• communal

tending to avoid commitment or self-revelation, especially by responding only indirectly.

comparatively light and insubstantial; easily damaged.

a part or aspect of something abstract, especially one that is essential or characteristic.

being the only one of its kind; unlike anything else.

shared by all members.

• tending to avoid commitment or self-revelation, especially by responding only indirectly.

• comparatively light and insubstantial; easily damaged.

• a part or aspect of something abstract, especially one that is essential or characteristic.

• being the only one of its kind; unlike anything else.

• shared by all members.

Match

Match the following definitions to the words.

• perspective

• clarify

• absolve

• genuinely

• sincere

a particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view.

make (a statement or situation) less confused and more clearly comprehensible.

set or declare (someone) free from blame, guilt, or responsibility.

in a truthful way.

free from pretence or deceit; proceeding from genuine feelings.

• a particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view.

• make (a statement or situation) less confused and more clearly comprehensible.

• set or declare (someone) free from blame, guilt, or responsibility.

• in a truthful way.

• free from pretence or deceit; proceeding from genuine feelings.

Match

Match the following definitions to the words.

• rationalising

• offence

• wrongdoing

• addressing

• indicates

attempt to explain or justify with logical, plausible reasons.

annoyance or resentment brought about by a perceived insult too or disregard.

illegal or dishonest behaviour.

a formal speech delivered to an audience.

point out; show.

• attempt to explain or justify with logical, plausible reasons.

• annoyance or resentment brought about by a perceived insult too or disregard.

• illegal or dishonest behaviour.

• a formal speech delivered to an audience.

• point out; show.

Match

Match the following definitions to the words.

• tangible

• transgression

• symbolic

• remorse

• accountability

a thing that is perceptible by touch.

an act that goes against a law, rule, or code of conduct; an offence.

serving as a symbol.

deep regret or guilt for a wrong committed.

the fact or condition of being responsible.

• a thing that is perceptible by touch.

• an act that goes against a law, rule, or code of conduct; an offence.

• serving as a symbol.

• deep regret or guilt for a wrong committed.

• the fact or condition of being responsible.

Multiple Choice

Answer the questions.

What do some researchers consider the "centrepiece of an apology"?

• Acknowledging the other person's feelings

• Finding mutual blame

• Accepting responsibility for your actions

• Reminding the wronged party that your actions were out of character

Multiple Choice

A good apology is about ___

• Absolving yourself of guilt,

• Receiving forgiveness

• Eliminating bad feelings

• Understanding the perspective of the wronged party.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following can be part of a good apology?

• A clarification of your intentions

• A strongly argued defence of your actions

• A reminder of all the times the other person has wronged you

• A lie that appeases the other person

Multiple Choice

Under which circumstance is issuing an apology unnecessary?

• The offending action was an accident.

• The offending action was a conscious choice that you'd make again.

• The offending action was something trivial.

• None of the them.

Multiple Choice

In an apology, what is the "offer of repair"?

• The apologiser's plans to change their actions in the future

• A peace-offering gift presented to the wronged party

• The apologiser's request to move past a disagreement

• An optional tag at the end of an apology 

Open Ended

Think about the question before answering.

If apologies can't change the offending action or its consequences, why are they so important in relationships?