Nationalism in India

Nationalism in India

topic: Non-cooperation Movement

Pre-assessment

Multiple Choice

Arrange the following in the correct sequence -

i. Civil Disobedience movement.

ii. Jallianwalla Bagh incident

III. Champaran satyagraha

IV. Nationwide satyagraha against the proposed Rowlatt Act

V. Calcutta session of the Congress & Support of of Khilafat

• I, IV, III, V, II

• III, IV, V, I , II

• IV, V, III, I , II

• III, IV, II, V, I

Learning Objectives

• Discuss the reasons for Mahatma Gandhi starting the Non-Cooperation Movement

• Examine how different social groups reacted to the call of Non-Cooperation Movement

Reading comprehension

Read the given text and answer the following questions ( 4 marks )

In his famous book Hind Swaraj (1909) Mahatma Gandhi declared that British rule was established in India with the cooperation of Indians, and had survived only because of this cooperation. How could non-cooperation become a movement? Gandhiji proposed that the movement should unfold in stages. It should begin with the surrender of titles that the government awarded, and a boycott of civil services, army, police, courts and legislative councils, schools, and foreign goods. Then, in case the government used repression, a full civil disobedience campaign would be launched. Through the summer of 1920 Mahatma Gandhi and Shaukat Ali toured extensively, mobilising popular support for the movement. Many within the Congress were, however, concerned about the proposals. In the months between September and December there was an intense tussle within the Congress. For a while there seemed no meeting point between the supporters and the opponents of the movement. Finally, at the Congress session at Nagpur in December 1920, a compromise was worked out and the Non-Cooperation programme was adopted.

* How did the Congress react to the proposal for the non-cooperation movement? 2

** Why did Gandhi believe that British rule would collapse in India if Indians refused to cooperate? ( 1)

*** How did Gandhi propose the non-cooperation movement should unfold? ( 1)

Answer

In his famous book Hind Swaraj (1909) Mahatma Gandhi declared that British rule was established in India with the cooperation of Indians, and had survived only because of this cooperation. If Indians refused to cooperate, British rule in India would collapse within a year, and swaraj would come. How could non-cooperation become a movement? Gandhiji proposed that the movement should unfold in stages. It should begin with the surrender of titles that the government awarded, and a boycott of civil services, army, police, courts and legislative councils, schools, and foreign goods. Then, in case the government used repression, a full civil disobedience campaign would be launched. Through the summer of 1920 Mahatma Gandhi and Shaukat Ali toured extensively, mobilising popular support for the movement. Many within the Congress were, however, concerned about the proposals. They were reluctant to boycott the council elections scheduled for November 1920, and they feared that the movement might lead to popular violence. In the months between September and December there was an intense tussle within the Congress. For a while there seemed no meeting point between the supporters and the opponents of the movement. Finally, at the Congress session at Nagpur in December 1920, a compromise was worked out and the Non-Cooperation programme was adopted.

•Group 1

•Examine how the middle class people of the cities reacted to the call of Non Cooperation Movement?

•Group 2

•Discuss how the peasant movement in the state of Awadh became a part of Non Cooperation Movement.

Group Tasks

​Post assessment

Multiple Choice

Why did Gandhi Organize satyagraha at Champran ?

• To help the mill workers.

• To inspire the peasants to struggle against the oppressive plantation system.

• To Set up awadh Kisan sabha

• To begin the civil disobedience movement.

Multiple Select

Which among the following is/are the reactions of middle class to the call of Non Cooperation movement?

• Foreign goods were boycotted, liquor shops picketed, and foreign cloth burnt.

• bazaars were looted, and grain hoards were taken over.

• Thousands of students left government-controlled schools and colleges

• The council elections were boycotted in except Madras