Cladograms and Cytochrome C

Cladograms and Cytochrome C

Biology 7B

Multiple Choice

According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism? 

• Amphibians

• Ray finned fish

• Crocodiles

• Birds

Multiple Choice

What characteristic do all the organisms on this cladogram share?

• Being bi-pedal & having language

• Complex brains

• Fully binocular vision

• Partial binocular vision & opposable thumbs

Multiple Choice

Which organism's DNA will differ the most from the bird?

• Rodents

• Raufinned fish

• Sharks

• Amphibians

Multiple Choice

What separates rodents and primates from crocodiles on this cladogram?

• Bony Skeleton

• Vertebrae

• Eggs with shells and hair

• Four Limbs

Fill in the Blank

Which organism will have DNA most similar to the bird?

Essential proteins are found in all living organisms. Cytochrome C is a protein found in mitochondria. Comparing different animal protein sequences will show how closely related two different species are. Which animal is LEAST LIKELY related to a human?

Multiple Choice

The Table below shows the # of differences in amino acids in a protein called “Cytochrome C” when comparing humans to other organisms. The protein is used by many plants and animals to convert energy in cells.
List the 4 closest human relatives based on this biochemical comparison.

• chimpanzee, horse, rattlesnake, snapping turtle

• chimpanzee, gorilla, rhesus monkey, horse

• fruit fly, bread mold, tuna fish, snapping turtle

• gorilla, rhesus monkey, rattlesnake, gorilla