The Road To War Part 4

The Road to War

Breaking Away From the Union

Secession Splits
the Nation

The Election of 1860

Abraham Lincoln received only 40% of the popular vote,
however, he earned a majority in the electoral college, which
was enough to win him the election.

• He won every free state except New Jersey, which was split between

him and Stephen Douglas, who also took Missouri.

John Breckinridge swept the South taking everything but
three states, which went to John Bell.

Multiple Choice

Which candidate received only 40% of the popular vote?

• John Bell

• Stephen Douglas

• John Breckinridge

• Abraham Lincoln

Open Ended

Why do you think Abraham Lincoln only received 40% of the popular vote?

Election of 1860 Map

Multiple Choice

Which candidate only took three states in the election?

• John Bell

• John Breckinridge

• Stephen Douglas

• Abraham Lincoln

Secession Splits
the Nation

Secession in South Carolina

After Lincoln was elected, many delegates of the legislature
in the South met on December 20, 1860.

• The delegates decided that the union between South Carolina and the

other states had ended.

This was the was the beginning of the Confederacy, or the
Confederate States of America.

Many Americans still wanted to preserve South Carolina.

• In the South, many were alarmed by the state leaving.
• Some northern abolitionists wanted all of the South to secede.
• However, many Northerners agreed with Lincoln that the southern

states could not lawfully leave the Union and that the federal
government should not allow them to do it.

Multiple Choice

Which state was the first to break away?

• Georgia

• South Carolina

• Florida

• Tennessee

Multiple Choice

What did this break away mark the beginning of?

• A king rulership

• The League of Nations

• The Confederate States of America

• The Justice League

Secession Splits
the Nation

Six More States Secede

Within two months, six more states left.

• They were:

 Mississippi
 Florida
 Alabama
 Georgia
 Louisiana
 Texas

• It took a while for Texas to secede because Sam Houston refused

call a convention to discuss the issue.

Eight other states in the South permitted slavery, but no other
states seceded before Lincoln’s inauguration.

Multiple Choice

Which state had to wait to secede until Sam Houston called for a convention?

• Kansas

• Nebraska

• Georgia

• Texas

Organizing the
Confederate States of America

The Confederate States of America

In February of 1861, the seven states that had seceded came
together at a convention in Montgomery, Alabama where
they formed the Confederate States of America.

• They drew up their own Constitution.
• They had a president, combined the House and Senate to form a the

Congress, and had a weak court system.

Confederate Constitution

• President served one six year term.
• The Congress could not spend money on things like roads.
• Allowed slavery in territories.
• Would not allow you to secede.
• The president had a power called line item veto, which meant that it

could reject parts of a law without having to reject all of it.

Multiple Choice

How long could a President serve in the Confederate States of America?

• Six Years

• Eight Years

• Ten Years

• Twelve Years

Multiple Choice

What was it called where one could reject parts of a law without rejecting all of it?

• Civil Rights

• Line Item Veto

• Decorum

• Regal Rejection

Confederate States Map

Multiple Choice

In what part of the country did the Confederate state make up?

• West

• East

• North

• South

Organizing the
Confederate States of America

Organizing the Confederate Government

Jefferson Davis was elected provisional, or temporary,
president of the Confederacy.

• Alexander Stephens was the provisional vice-president.

Cabinet

• Secretary of War: Leroy Walker
• Secretary of Treasury: Christopher Memminger
• Secretary of State: Robert Toombs

The government operated out of Montgomery, Alabama
until May 1861, when it was moved to Richmond.

Multiple Choice

Who was elected provisional President of the Confederate States of America?

• Leroy Walker

• Robert Toombs

• Jefferson Davis

• Alexander Stephens

Attempts at Reunification
of the United States

Attempts to End Secession

Committee of 33

• Made up of members of the House of Representatives
• Tried to bargain with the Confederacy.
• Promised better enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Law.

Committee 13

• Made up of member of the Senate.
• Wanted to extend the Missouri Compromise line.

 Slavery would be permitted below that line.

• Promised payment for runaway slaves that were not caught.

 This was known as the Crittenden Compromise.

Washington Peace Conference

• Discussed about ideas similar to the Crittenden Compromise.

Multiple Choice

What did the Committee of 33 promise better enforcement of?

• Emancipation Proclamation

• Fugitive Slave Law

• Missouri Compromise

• Jay's Treaty

Attempts at Reunification
of the United States

The Point of No Return

In 1861, when Lincoln took office, with his first duty being to
preserve the Union.

• He would not go to war unless the South started it.

The South wanted Lincoln to turn over the federal lands.

 Lincoln did not want to do this and feared a war would break out if

he sent troops.

By April 1861, the Union held only a few forts in Florida and
one in South Carolina.

• The focus for the South was Fort Sumter in South Carolina.
• Major Robert Anderson, who was in charge of Fort Sumter, refused

to surrender it, and on April 12, 1861, Confederate forces opened fire.

• The battle lasted almost a day an a half, until the Union forces ran out

of ammo.

• This was the start of the Civil War.

Multiple Choice

The attack on what fort started the Civil War?

• Fort Sumter

• Fort Legune

• Fort Murphy

• Fort Gander

Open Ended

Why was the attack on Fort Sumter the start of the Civil War?