Structure and Function of Major Organelles

Structure and Function of Major Organelles

SC.6.L.14.4: Compare and contrast the structure and function of major organelles of plant and animal cells, including cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and vacuoles. (DOK 2)

Structure and Function of Major Organelles

• There are two categories of cells: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. All cells have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA. Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane bound organelles, like a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do. (Pro=No; Eu=Do) Prokaryotic organisms are always unicellular, while eukaryotic organisms can be unicellular or multicellular.

• Eukaryotic cells have a variety of membrane-bound organelles ("little organs") that complete specialized functions for the cell. The major organelles are cell membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, vacuoles, and chloroplasts.

• Eukaryotic cells can be animal-like or plant-like depending on whether or not they can make their own food through photosynthesis. Only plant-like cells have cell walls (for structure and support), chloroplasts (photosynthesis), and large central vacuoles (to store water).

Multiple Choice

My job is to produce energy for the cell. I can turn food into energy, using oxygen. People never really give me my props. They will if they ever get super tired and need some energy. Animal and Plant cells require energy!

• Mitochondria

• Vacuole

• Lysosomes

• Nucleus

Multiple Choice

I store things for the cell. I am like your everyday storage facility. I can store enzymes water, nutrients and even wastes. When you have skills like mine you can be found in many places like plants, animals, even fungi.

• Cytoplasm

• Chloroplast

• Vacuole

• Nucleus

Multiple Choice

Some people call me the boss and that’s probably because of my job. I control the cell and all cell activities. I even hold the DNA. I am the center of attention. I am in both plant and animal cells. Just watch me work.

• Vacuole

• Nucleus

• Cell Membrane

• Cytoplasm

Multiple Choice

I give shape to plant cells and I am an extra support for them. I can protect the delicate plants. I take my job seriously.

• Cell Wall

• Cell Membrane

• Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Cytoplasm

Multiple Choice

Beyonce wasn’t ready for this jelly either. I hold the organelles and give them room to move around. I am found inside all cells.

• Nucleus

• Vacuole

• Cell Membrane

• Cytoplasm

Multiple Choice

Produces the energy needed for the cell

• Vacuole

• Nucleus

• Endoplasmic Retriculum

• Mitochondria

Multiple Choice

What 3 organelles are found in a plant cell but not in an animal cell?

• Mitochondria, Cell Wall, Chloroplasts

• Cell Wall, Nucleus, Cell Membrane

• Cell Membrane, Cell Wall, Chloroplasts

• Cell Wall, Chloroplasts, Large Central Vacuole

Multiple Choice

Which organelle captures energy from the sunlight and uses it to produce food in plant cells?

• mitochodria

• cell membrane

• chloroplast

• centrioles

Multiple Choice

What is found in both plant and animal cells but is much larger in plant cells?

• Nucleus

• Mitochondrion

• Chloroplast

• Vacuole

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell?

• Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus or organelles, but a eukaryotic cell does

• Eukaryotic cells do not have a nucleus or organelles, but prokaryotes do

Multiple Choice

This cell is a ...

• Prokaryotic Cell

• Eukaryotic Cell

Multiple Choice

The diagram identifies four structures in a plant cell. Which structure controls what enters and leaves the cell?

• cell membrane

• cell wall

• chloroplast

• nucleus

Multiple Choice

Jose plans to use a microscope to observe a cell from a maple leaf and a cell from a snake's skin. Which of the following will Jose most likely see present in both cells?

• cell wall

• chloroplasts

• nucleus

• tissue

Multiple Choice

Plant cells are different from animal cells. The diagram identifies four different structures in a plant cell. Compared to the structures in an animal cell, which of the following structures is found only in a plant cell?

• Mitochondrion

• Cell Wall

• Cytoplasm

• Nucleus

Multiple Choice

Which cell structures most likely developed from prokaryotes that were able to carry out photosynthesis?

• cell walls

• chloroplasts

• mitochondria

• vacuoles