Homeostasis

Homeostasis

Maintaining the status quo

Open Ended

To the best of your ability, describe what you understand about diabetes.

During all times of the day, our bodies are performing to maintain functionality. There are multiple measures we use to determine if a body is in good health. Some of these are:

• Blood pressure

• Blood sugar

• Cholesterol levels

• Hormones

• Temperature

​

Body Maintenance

Open Ended

What is a normal body temperature for a human being?

Open Ended

What temperature is considered a fever for a human?

​Species	​Temp C°	​Temp F°
​Human	​37	98.6​
​Baboon	​38.1	​100.6
​Cactus Mouse	​36.6	​97.8
​California Mouse	​36.4	​97.5
​Humpback Whale	​36	​96.8
​Fur Seal	​38	​100.4
​Echidna	​30.7	​87.3
​Chicken	​39.8	​103.6
​Rabbit	​38.3-39.4	​100.1-102.9

​"Normal" temperatures for various species

​Homeostasis:

Maintaining stable favorable or ideal conditions. Maintaining OPTIMAL conditions.

​Enzymes are proteins that facilitate chemical reactions. They have temperature and pH ranges that are optimal for their functionality.

​Like all proteins, enzymes depend on their shape in order to perform their function. If an enzyme is exposed to temperatures of pH levels outside of this range, the shape of the enzyme will change. It will be denatured.

​Lactase is the enzyme that breaks down lactose. Without this enzyme you are lactose intolerant.

​Affect

​Effect

​external factor or stimulus

​result of the stimulus

Eat food

​Blood sugar increases

​Liver releases insulin

​Blood sugar decreases

​What happens if not enough insulin is released?

Hypoglycemia (blood sugar is too low)

Symptoms include:

• sweating.

• feeling tired.

• dizziness.

• feeling hungry.

• tingling lips.

• feeling shaky or trembling.

• a fast or pounding heartbeat (palpitations)

• becoming easily irritated, tearful, anxious or moody.

​What happens if not enough insulin is released?

Hyperglycemia (blood sugar is too high)

Symptoms include:

• increased thirst and a dry mouth.

• needing to pee frequently.

• tiredness.

• blurred vision.

• unintentional weight loss.

• recurrent infections, such as thrush, bladder infections (cystitis) and skin infections.

​Body Temperature

​Can be altered by external conditions as well as infections, medications, or other medical conditions.

Hyperthermia - high body temperature

Hypothermia - low body temperature

​pH Imbalance

Acidosis

• Accelerated heartbeat (tachycardia).

• Confusion or dizziness.

• Feeling very tired (fatigue).

• Loss of appetite.

• Headache.

• Rapid breathing or long, deep breathing.

• Nausea and vomiting.

• Feeling weak.

​Alkalosis

• Confusion (can progress to stupor or coma)

• Hand tremor.

• Lightheadedness.

• Muscle twitching.

• Nausea, vomiting.

• Numbness or tingling in the face, hands, or feet.

• Prolonged muscle spasms (tetany)

​pH of the Human body

​Why do you think different parts of the body have different pH levels?

Open Ended

Why do you think some parts of the human body are more or less neutral (~pH 7), and other parts acidic