The Human Body Many systems working together

Let’s begin our exploration of what makes you you

Mr. Bradley - Goethe International - Life Science

6th Grade

The Human Body
Many systems working together

The Control systems

Our bodies are controlled by two systems
the nervous system and the endocrine
system.

01

Table of contents

The Structural systems

Three organ systems work to shape, move, and
protect your body. Skeletal system, muscular
system, and the integumentary system.

02

The Oxygen & Transport systems

A combination of of the respiratory system
and the circulatory system are responsible
for bringing in oxygen and transporting it
around the body.

03

The Food and Waste
Processing systems

Food you eat goes on a journey
throughout your digestive system and
the waste produced is removed by the
excretory system.

04

The Reproductive System

A short overview of how women
and men work together to create a
new human

Table of contents

The Defense System

A short overview of how our
immune system works with other
systems to defend our bodies.

05

06

Human health

You can describe the topic of the

section here

07

Cumulative exam

You can describe the topic of the

section here

08

Multiple Choice

How many nerve cells are in the typical brain?

• 100 billion

• 100 million

• 100 thousand

• 100

The Control systems
01

Our bodies are controlled by two systems the nervous system
and the endocrine system.

—Someone Famous

The body has billions of nerve cells.
There are about 100 billion neurons
in the brain and about 13.5 million in
the spinal cord.

Are you nervous? Of course you are.
You are full of nerves.

The Nervous System

Nervous system is the network of nerves
that connect the brain to all parts of the
body. It allows the brain to communicate
with the other parts of the body. The
nervous system is made up of the brain,
spinal cord, and nerves.

The nervous system sends signals or
information through nerve cells called
neurons to control your muscles.

Your nervous system also allows you to
use your senses to navigate and explore
your environment.

The Nervous System

Your nervous system has two ways of
controlling body functions; electrical
signals from nerve cells and chemical
signals from the endocrine system.

Your eyes, ears, skin, nose, and taste buds
all send information about your
environment to your nervous system. Any
change or signal in the environment can
make an organism react in some way.
Anything that causes an organism to
react is called a stimulus and a response
is an action or change in behavior as a
result of stimulus.

The Nervous System

There are three types of of neurons
Sensory neuron, interneuron, and motor neuron.

-Sensory neurons picks up electromagnetic,
mechanical, or chemical stimulus from
inside or outside of the body.

-Interneurons carry messages from from
neuron to another neuron

-Motor neurons send messages to a muscle
or gland, causing a response.

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The Nervous System

The human nervous system is made up of organs
and tissues. These organs and tissues can be
grouped into two smaller systems: The central
nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.

A cell that carries information is called a nerve cell
or a neuron. The structure of a neuron helps its
function.

Neurons are made up of of dendrites and axons. A
dendrite is the branched structure that picks up
information. The axon receives information from the
dendrite and sends it away from the cell.

The Endocrine System

The endocrine system uses chemicals
instead of electrical signals to control
body functions. The endocrine system is
made up of glands, or organs that
produce chemicals either directly or
through tiny tubes called ducts.

The adrenal glands produce adrenaline
when scared, in high-stress situations, or
thrilling situations (like riding a
rollercoaster). When adrenaline is
released into your body your heart
pumps faster, your lungs let in more air,
and your ability to feel pain decreases.

The Endocrine System

One of the links between the nervous
system and the endocrine system is the
hypothalamus.

This gland is located deep inside the
brain. Its function is to send out nerve
and chemical signals.

Its nerve signals control sleep, hunger,
and other basic body functions.
Additionally, it produces hormones that
regulate other glands and organs within
the endocrine system.

The Endocrine System

Your endocrine system works to maintain
equilibrium or homeostasis.

When the amount of a hormone is the
blood reaches a certain level, the
endocrine system sends signals to stop
the release of that hormone.

The process by which a system is turned
off by the condition it produces is called
negative feedback.

Note: K - Potassium, Na - sodium

The Endocrine System

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