Week 5 memory and cognition

Memory and Cognition
Psychology, week 5

Long Term Memory

Multiple Choice

Which type of memory is represented when you write your name?

• Semantic

• Procedural

• Short term memory

• Long term memory

Procedural memory. Writing is a motor skill/action

Multiple Choice

What memory is represented when you remember what happened at your friend's birthday party last week?

• Short term memory

• Episodic memory

• Procedural memory

• Emotional conditioning

Episodic Memory- information about events we have personally experienced

Multiple Choice

What type of memory is represented when you remember the parts of the brain that relate to memory?

• Semantic memory

• Episodic memory

• Long term memory

• Short term memory

Semantic memory- knowledge about words, concepts and language

Multiple Choice

What type of memory is represented when you try to remember a phone number as it is dialled?

• Procedural memory

• Short term memory

• Long term memory

• emotional conditioning

Short term memory- a temporary storage system that processes incoming sensory memory

The Atkinson-Shiffrin Model of Memory

Multiple Choice

Implicit memory is

• Formed through behaviours

• Part of our consciousness

Multiple Choice

Explicit memory is

• memories and facts consciously remembered

• Formed through behaviours

Multiple Choice

What are the steps in creating long term memories?

• Encode, Storage, Retrieve

• Explicit and implicit

Poll

Are children born with the same cognitive capabilities as adults or not?

• Yes, children have the same coginitive capabilities

• No, children develop their cognitive capabilities as they grow

Brain region and memory

Hippocampus - Long term declarative memory (explicit), memories related to episodes.

Cerebellum - non-declarative (implicit), procedural/ motor memory

Amygdala - non-declarative (implicit), memories related to emotions

Pre-frontal cortex - short-term memory

Piaget's 4 Stages of Development

• ​Intelligence grows and develops through a series of stages

• Children think differently to adults

• Early cognitive development involves processes based upon action and later changes in mental operations

• intelligence is an active process

• Cognitive development is a quantitative and qualitative process - not just based on the accumulation of knowledge but also how children think changes

• Focus is on internal factors - social/environmental influences are not accounted for

Piaget's 4 Stages of Development

Khan Academy video

https://youtu.be/Jt3-PIC2nCs

Multiple Choice

At which stage do children begin to understand the world around them by using their senses and bodily movements.

• Birth - 2 years

  Sensorimotor stage

• 2- 7 years

  Pre-operational stage

• 7-11 years

  Concrete operational stage

• 12 years and above

  Formal operational stage

Piaget's 4 Stages of Development

Multiple Choice

A child starts to use objects as symbols, projecting the properties of one object onto another; for example, pretending a stick is a sword.

• birth to 2 years

  Sensorimotor stage

• 2-7 years

  Pre-operational stage

• 7-11 years

  Concrete operational stage

• 12 years and above

  Formal operational stage

Piaget's 4 Stages of Development

Multiple Choice

The child can use language to describe and represent events, people, or objects from their past.

• Birth - 2 years

  Sensorimotor stage

• 2-7 years

  Pre-operational stage

• 7-11 years

  Concrete operational stage

• 12 years and above

  Formal operational stage

Piaget's 4 Stages of Development

Multiple Choice

The most advanced cognitive achievement a child reaches during this stage is object permanence. Object permanence refers to when an infant understands that an object still exists, even when they are not able to see, smell, touch, or hear it.

• Birth to 2 years

  Sensorimotor stage

• 2 - 7 years

  Pre-operational stage

• 7 - 11 years

  Concrete operational stage

• 12 years and above

  Formal operational stage

Piaget's 4 Stages of Development

Multiple Choice

The child builds on and masters abstract thought. They become less egocentric and more rational.

• birth-2 years

  Sensorimotor stage

• 2-7 years

  Pre-operational stage

• 7-11 years

  Concrete operational stage

• 12 years and above

  Formal operational stage

Piaget's 4 Stages of Development

Multiple Choice

The child can use their existing knowledge to create new theories about the world and make predictions about what will happen in the future.

• Birth - 2 years

  Sensorimotor stage

• 2-7 years

  Pre-operational stage

• 7-11 years

  Concrete operational stage

• 12 years and above

  Formal operational stage

Piaget's 4 Stages of Development

Piaget's 4 Stages of Development

Multiple Choice

The appearance of water changes when someone pours it from a short, wide glass into a tall, narrow bottle, but the water itself does not change. The child now understands this.

• Birth -2 years

  Sensorimotor stage

• 2-7 years

  Pre-operational stage

• 7-11 years

  Concrete operational stage

• 12 years and above

  Formal operational stage

Multiple Choice

The child is egocentric. This means they only understand the world from their perspective and struggle to see other peoples’ points of view.

• Birth-2 years

  Sensorimotor stage

• 2-7 years

  Pre-operational stage

• 7-11 years

  Concrete operational stage

• 12 years and above

  Formal operational stage

Poll

On a scale of 1-4,

1= I'm lost

4= Too easy!

Can you understand and remember what we have studied this week?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4