Chapter 1 and 2 Study Guide

Earth's Features

Chapter 1 and 2

Open Ended

How much time have you spent over the last 2 1/2 weeks studying your Chapter 1 and 2 study guide?

Multiple Choice

Things that we sense are

• Inferences

• Observations

Multiple Choice

Conclusions that we make based on evidence

• Observations

• Inferences

Vocabulary

geologist

a scientist who studies the processes and materials that

form the solid part of Earth

​REMEMBER....

Geologists observe
clues, like fossils and
rocks, and use ideas
about science they
already know to make
inferences about what
might have happened in
a place in the past.

Open Ended

What kind of observations do you think geologists make?

Vocabulary

fossil

a clue about life from the past that is preserved in rock

​Look at cross-section displaying layers of rock.

1. Which layer do you think is the oldest?

2. How do you know this?

Raise your hand with an answer

​A

​B

Key Concept

A fossil forms when an organism dies and is
covered with sediment that turns into rock.

Activity 4

Lesson 1.3: Fossil Formation

Multiple Choice

A fossil is...

• a type of rock formed from sediment

• something preserved in rock

• a thick sheet of rock

compact

to press together

Over time, layers of rock - called sedimentary rock - compress and trap other organisms inside. This is called...

sedimentary rock

Vocabulary

Activity 1

Lesson 1.4: Sedimentary Rock Formation

a type of rock formed from sediment that compacts

and cements over time

Multiple Choice

Silt and gravel are sediments. Sand is not.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Wind, ice, and rain break rock into smaller parts

• True

• False

Key Concept

A sedimentary rock layer forms when sediment
sinks and builds up in water, compacts under
more sediment, and cements over time.

Activity 4

Lesson 1.5: Modeling Sedimentary Rock Formation

Key Concept

Over time, a rock layer becomes thicker as
sediment continues to build up.

Fill in the Blank

What kind of rock is formed over time through compacts?

Different sediments build up in different
environments. Therefore, different kinds of
sedimentary rock form in different environments.

Activity 3

Lesson 2.3: Rock-Forming Environments

Multiple Choice

This is to "press together"

• Compact

• fossilize

• cementing

Multiple Select

Select all those that can form into fossils...

• Animal droppings

• raindrops

• teeth

• memories

• footprints

Multiple Choice

A scientific explanation uses...

• evidence to make claims

• personal arguments

• opinons

Open Ended

Describe how sedimentary rock forms