Chapter 1 and 2 Study Guide

Earth's Features

Chapter 1 and 2

Open Ended

How much time have you spent over the last 2 1/2 weeks studying your Chapter 1 and 2 study guide?

Multiple Choice

Things that we sense are

• Inferences

• Observations

Multiple Choice

Conclusions that we make based on evidence

• Observations

• Inferences

Vocabulary

geologist

a scientist who studies the processes and materials that

form the solid part of Earth

​REMEMBER....

Geologists observe
clues, like fossils and
rocks, and use ideas
about science they
already know to make
inferences about what
might have happened in
a place in the past.

Open Ended

What kind of observations do you think geologists make?

Vocabulary

fossil

a clue about life from the past that is preserved in rock

​Look at cross-section displaying layers of rock.

1. Which layer do you think is the oldest?

2. How do you know this?

Raise your hand with an answer

​A

​B

Key Concept

A fossil forms when an organism dies and is
covered with sediment that turns into rock.

Activity 4

Lesson 1.3: Fossil Formation

Multiple Choice

A fossil is...

• a type of rock formed from sediment

• something preserved in rock

• a thick sheet of rock

compact

to press together

Over time, layers of rock - called sedimentary rock - compress and trap other organisms inside. This is called...

sedimentary rock

Vocabulary

Activity 1

Lesson 1.4: Sedimentary Rock Formation

a type of rock formed from sediment that compacts

and cements over time

Multiple Choice

Silt and gravel are sediments. Sand is not.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Wind, ice, and rain break rock into smaller parts

• True

• False

Key Concept

A sedimentary rock layer forms when sediment
sinks and builds up in water, compacts under
more sediment, and cements over time.

Activity 4

Lesson 1.5: Modeling Sedimentary Rock Formation

Key Concept

Over time, a rock layer becomes thicker as
sediment continues to build up.

Different sediments build up in different
environments. Therefore, different kinds of
sedimentary rock form in different environments.

Activity 3

Lesson 2.3: Rock-Forming Environments

Multiple Choice

This is to "press together"

• Compact

• fossilize

• cementing

Multiple Select

Select all those that can form into fossils...

• Animal droppings

• raindrops

• teeth

• memories

• footprints

Multiple Choice

A scientific explanation uses...

• evidence to make claims

• personal arguments

• opinons

Open Ended

Describe how sedimentary rock forms