12.3 "Southern Cotton Kingdom" Quizizz Lesson

Southern Cotton Kingdom

Chapter 12, Section 3

Lesson Goals:

� Explain the role of cotton production in

the South and why the economy there
relied on agriculture.

� Discuss why industry did not develop

as widely in the South as in the North.

Looking Back, Looking Ahead: In the last chapter, you learned about
life in and the economy of the Northeastern states. In this section, you
will learn about the economy of the South.

-crown

-face on cotton bale

-septor

-man kneeling

-man's foot on the back of an enslaved worker

Drag and Drop

“Cotton is ​

Placeholder

,” was a common phrase used to describe the growth of the American economy in the 1830s and 1840s. It was used to describe the ​

Placeholder

economy of the slavery states in the Deep South. It is important to understand that ​

Placeholder

was one of the world's first luxury commodities, after sugar and tobacco.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

King

plantation

cotton

industrial

commericial

commercial

indigo

Supreme

Cotton Rules the Deep South

European cotton mills
wanted Southern cotton
to make into cloth.

PROBLEM:

Cotton was hard

to produce.

Eli Whitney’s

cotton gin.

SOLUTION:

MAIN IDEA: Unlike the North, the Southern economy remained mainly agrarian.

farming

Multiple Choice

Southern cotton was in high demand from ___ cotton mills.

• Southern

• Northern

• European

• all of the above

Cotton Rules the Deep South

Upper South:
• tobacco
• hemp
• wheat
• vegetables

Deep South:

• COTTON
• rice
• sugar cane

​***The Upper South became a center for trading enslaved people.

Fill in the Blanks

Cotton Rules the Deep South

The value of enslaved people increased because of their key
role in producing cotton and sugar. In time, the Upper South
became a center for the sale of enslaved people.

The cotton gin cleaned cotton 50x faster than someone could clean by hand.

Industry in the South

MAIN IDEA: For many reasons, industry developed slowly in the South.

New England

Becoming more urban and industrial

The South

Remaining rural and agrarian

city

factory

country-

side

farming

In the 1850s, the entire South produced FEWER manufactured

goods than the state of Massachusetts.

​Massachusetts

Match

Match the following

• urban

• industrial

• rural

• agrarian

city

factory

countryside

farming

• city

• factory

• countryside

• farming

Barriers to Industry

Because

agriculture was
so profitable,
Southerners

remained

committed to
farming rather
than starting

new businesses.

Another reason
was the lack of
capital (money

to invest in

businesses in

the South).

The limited local

market

discouraged

industries from
developing. (A
large portion of

the Southern
population
consisted of

enslaved people
with no $ to buy

merchandise.

obstacle; something
that gets in the way

making things

in factories

Barriers to Industry

Another reason for the lack of industry is that some Southerners did not want
industry to flourish there. One political leader summed up the Southerners’ point
of view this way:
“As long as we have our rice, our sugar, our tobacco and our cotton, we can
command wealth to purchase all we want.”

—quoted in Louis T. Wigfall, Southern Fire-Eater

Multiple Select

What factors interfered with the growth of industry in the south? Check all that apply.

• Lack of capital

• a desire to remain committed to farming

• a small market for manufactured goods

• no streams or rivers to power factory machines

Southern Factories

Arguments supporting Southern manufacturing:

•By remaining committed to cotton production, the South was
becoming dependent on the North for manufactured goods.

• Factories would revive the economy of the Upper South, which

was less prosperous than the cotton states.

While most Southerners felt confident about the future of the cotton

economy, some leaders wanted to develop industry in the region.

Tredegar Iron Works

Southern Factories

William Gregg

opened his own textile factory

in South Carolina

Joseph Reid Anderson

took over the Tredegar Iron

Works in the 1840s and made it

one of the nation’s leading

producers of iron

The industries that Gregg and Anderson built were the exception rather
than the rule in the South. For the most part, the South remained a region of
rural villages and plantations with only three large cities: Baltimore,
Charleston, and New Orleans.

Multiple Select

Large cities of the South. Check all that apply.

• Baltimore

• Richmond

• New Orleans

• Charleston

Multiple Choice

Which South Carolina merchant opened a textile factory?

• Eyre Crowe

• Eli Whitney

• Joseph Reid Anderson

• William Gregg

Southern Transportation

Natural waterways provided the chief
means for transporting goods in the
South.

There were few canals and roads were
poor.

Like the North, the South also built
railroads but to a lesser extent. Southern
rail lines were short, local, and did not
connect all parts of the region in a
network. As a result, Southern cities
grew more slowly than cities in the
North.

Multiple Choice

___ provided the chief means for transporting goods in the South.

• canals

• natural waterways

• roads

• all of the above

Foreshadowing

The railway shortage would have devastating consequences for the
South during the Civil War.

Shoulder Partner

Why would the

South’s RR shortage

be a disadvantage

during the Civil war?

The South will have

difficulty

transporting troops

and supplies
efficiently.

12.3 Summary

Reviewing the Main Ideas

�

The success of cotton production in the South
kept it an agrarian region.

�

Lack of capital, a small market for
manufactured goods, and a desire to remain
agrarian hindered the growth of industry in the
south.

Use the preceding slides and/or pgs. 442 - 445 of the textbook to help you answer the following questions.

​

10.2

Jackson and the Bank

Multiple Choice

Many in the South preferred an agricultural economy and did not want __.

• industry

• capitalism

• agrarianism

• a free market economy

Multiple Choice

Why did cotton become the main Southern agricultural crop in the years before 1860?

• Cotton has a short growing season.

• Demand for cotton in Europe was high.

• Farmers in the North produced rice, indigo, and tobacco.

• Raising cotton took very little labor.

Multiple Choice

How did the cotton gin influence cotton production in the South?

• It caused textile mills to open across the Deep South.

• It decreased the profitability of cotton production.

• It encouraged Southern planters to grow cotton across a much wider area of the Deep South.

• It increased the amount of labor needed to produce the same amount of cotton.

Multiple Select

What effect did the change in cotton production have on slavery? Select ALL that apply.

• It increased the demand for enslaved people.

• It increased the number of enslaved people working in factories.

• It made the Upper South a center for trading enslaved people.

• It expanded slavery across a larger area of the South.

Multiple Choice

What is one reason industry developed slowly in the South?

• State governments prevented factories from opening.

• Slavery made agriculture more immediately profitable than investing in industry.

• Enslaved people worked only in the fields and not in factories.

• Northern states did not share inventions with Southern states.