Central Dogma: Protein Synthesis

Transcription and Translation

Multiple Choice

Protein, one of the 4 major macromolecules that make up life, is made up of smaller building blocks which we call monomers. What is the name of this monomer?

• Lipids

• Amino Acids

• Carbohydrates

• Nucleic acids

Multiple Choice

What is the correct order to make a protein?

• DNA, RNA, Protein

• RNA, DNA, Protein

• Protein, DNA, RNA

• Protein, RNA, DNA

Multiple Choice

The process by which the genetic code of DNA is copied into a strand of RNA is called

• Transformation

• Translation

• Replication

• Transcription

Multiple Choice

Where does transcription occur?

• Cytoplasm

• Cell membrane

• Nucleus

• Ribosome

Multiple Choice

True or false:  RNA is double-stranded.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What enzyme does transcription use?

• DNA polymerase

• Helicase

• Ligase

• RNA polymerase

Multiple Choice

RNA has what base that is instead of thymine?

• Guanine

• Adenine

• Uracil

• Thymine

Fill in the Blank

How would the DNA sequence GCTATA be transcribed to mRNA?

Multiple Choice

In the synthesis of proteins, what is the function of mRNA molecules?

• act as a template for the synthesis of DNA

• carry specific enzymes for dehydration synthesis

• carry information that determines the sequence of amino acids

Multiple Choice

The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____

• Transcription

• Replication

• Translation

Multiple Choice

The process where mRNA is translated into amino acids happens in what part of the cell?

• Nucleus

• Cytoplasm

• Golgi apparatus

• Endoplasmic reticulum

Multiple Choice

What organelle is responsible for translation?

• Golgi apparatus

• Smooth ER

• Ribosomes

• Cytoplasm

Multiple Choice

What does tRNA do during translation?

• it brings a specific segment of DNA to the ribosome for transcription

• it brings any amino acid to the ribosome

• it brings a specific amino acid (decided by the codon) to the ribosome for translation

Multiple Choice

How many bases are in one codon?

• 2

• 3

• 4

• 6

Multiple Choice

The anti-codon of tRNA

• contains the base thymine

• contains a sequence the same as DNA

• contains a sequence complementary to the mRNA codon

• does not exist

Multiple Choice

Amino acids are joined together in order to form

• DNA

• proteins 

• ribosomes

• RNA

Multiple Choice

A is pointing at the

• tRNA

• Nucleus

• mRNA

• Codon

Multiple Choice

B is pointing at the

• tRNA

• Nucleus

• mRNA

• Codon

Multiple Choice

D is pointing at the

• tRNA

• Nucleus

• mRNA

• Codon

Multiple Choice

F is pointing at the

• tRNA

• Nucleus

• mRNA

• Codon