5.4 Presentation

read Unity Under the Qin

page 197 through the next orange heading on page 199

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The ​

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period ended when the ​

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unified China under ​

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who would become the First Emperor. The Qin kingdom was in the mountains of the northwest and existed during the time of the Zhou. When King Zheng came to power in 221 BCE, the Qin brought down rival kingdoms and ​

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all of China. With various languages and customs and threat from invading ​

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, the king knew he needed one strong government

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Warring States

Qin

King Zheng

united

nomads

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The king declared himself ​

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, or ​"

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." He ruled land from the ​

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to the ​

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.

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Shi Huangdi

First Emperor

Yellow River

Yangtze River

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Shi Huangdi ordered ​

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built around smaller kingdoms taken down to make ​

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more difficult. He then began construction of the ​

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running east and west along the northern border. It connected smaller existing walls ,but was hard work where many ​

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. Workers included ​

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and citizens. The Great Wall was not always successful, but it did protect the northern border and later emperors added to it.

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walls

rebellion

Great Wall

died

prisoners

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Shi Huangdi set out to ​

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China's economy and culture. Most important was a single ​

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with standard characters - the basis for Chinese writing today. Transportation was standardized with the length for all ​

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set so that the ruts of wheels would be the same width, making travel easier. A uniform set of ​

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and measures was established, making trade easier. Uniform ​

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were also made.

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standardize

written language

axles

weights

coins

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Shi Huangdi created a ​

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by organizing China into ​

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which were divided into ​

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. The emperor ​

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any official who didn't carry out his policies. He also forced thousands of ​

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families to move to the capital to better control them.

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centralized government

36 provinces

counties

dismissed

noble

read Rule of the First Emperor

From new orange heading on page 199 through 201

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Shi Huangdi was a cruel leader who believed ​

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rules were necessary to end chaos in China. ​

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was an advisor brought in to make the Qin stronger. He developed a school of thought called ​

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. It is based on rule by a strong leader and a strong legal system to create ​

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. Heavy taxes and required ​

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increased the wealth of the Qin.

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strict

Shang Yang

Legalism

social order

labor

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Shi Huangdi was interested in the teachings of Legalist ​

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, who did not agree with ​

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because he thought people needed to be ​

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to be good. Shi Huangdi made a uniform ​

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where penalties were severe.

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Han Feizi

Confucianism

forced

legal code

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He also tried to control ​

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and ​

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ideas he found to be dangerous or offensive. ​

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about government was banned. Burning of ​

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were ordered.

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thought

censor

Debate

books

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The plans helped to create a ​

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nation, but were not popular and his empire ​

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three years after his death. ​

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led a rebellion. Thousands supported him and the rebellion ​

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rapidly. China again slid into ​

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.

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single

collapsed

Chen Sheng

spread

chaos

Multiple Choice

What dynasty ruled China before the Qin took power?

• Shang

• Xia

• Zhou

• Han

Multiple Choice

In 221BCE, __________________ succeeded in unifying China.

• Shi Huangdi

• Han Feizi

• Laozi

• Confucius

Multiple Choice

Shi Huangdi means __________________________.

• First Emperor

• Final King

• Supreme Ruler

• Calm

Multiple Choice

Which philosophy did the Qin dynasty follow?

• Confucius

• Daoism

• Legalism

Multiple Choice

Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of Legalism?

• Strict laws

• Strong government

• Harsh punishments

• Focus on the family

Multiple Select

Which of the following policies did the Qin dynasty utilize to unify China?

• Uniform system of laws for everyone in the empire

• Standard written language

• New standardized money system

• Standard system of weights and measures

Multiple Choice

True or false: The Qin were the first to build sections of the Great Wall.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Shi Huangdi's name prior to changing it was:

• King Zheng

• Han Feizi

• Shi Huangdi (trick question)

• Laozi