Latin American Revolutions

Latin American
Revolutions

JOHNSON HIGH

WORLD HISTORY

WORLD HISTORY TEKS

(9)(C) trace the influence of the American and French
Revolutions on Latin America; including the role of
Simon Bolivar

BELL RINGER

Recall, where are your parents from? Where were their
parents (your grandparents) from? How about your
grandparents' parents?

Background

Abuses of the
Colonial
System

• Spanish and Portuguese
colonial system causes
increasing unrest in Latin
America.

•Caste System

Sistema de
Castas Colonial

CHECKPOINT 1

According to the caste system, if
you were born to Spanish and
native American parents you will
be known as a?

Mestizo

Creoles or
Criollos

•Established plantations

•Large trade networks

•Didn’t like the political and economic
restrictions from the crown

•Like ideas of freedom and liberty

•Small revolts about taxes

•Wanted to be in control (couldn’t because
of the Peninsulares)

•They liked what America had

Haitian
Revolution

•Conflicts between 1791 and 1804 between Haitian slaves,
colonists, and the armies of the British and French colonizers.

•Spanish enslaved Taino and Ciboney people; by the end 1700s
this population nearly vanished

•Resorted to bringing slaves

•Society classified by skin color and wealth

•Hispanioles (native born) wanted control of their lands without
rule of the ancient European regimes

•Toussaint Louverture had his own vision and led conflict against
Napoleon. Taken over by French forces.

•Some lieutenants, like Dessalines, took over and eventually,
problems in France against the British led to the independence of
Haiti; the first country to be founded by former slaves

CHECKPOINT 2

Why is the Haitian Revolution
significant to world history?

First successful revolution by
former African slaves.

Mexican War of
Independence

•Social class division and widespread orders from the mother country was
causing tensions

•Napoleon takes Spain and the upper classes took the opportunity to fight
for independence

•Father Miguel Hidalgo on September 16, 1810 called for the oppressed
people of Mexico to rise against Spain and declare their independence

•Successful rebellion and capturing until rebel leaders captured, including
Miguel Hidalgo in which then another priest, Jose Maria Morelos,
continued the fight. Several battle lost.

•New forces and leaders emerged:

• Vicente Guerrero
• Francisco Javier Mina
• Agustin de Iturbide

August 24, 1821, Juan O’Donoju and Iturbide signed the Treaty of Cordoba which
recognized Mexican Independence

CHECKPOINT 3

From whom did the Mexicans gain
their independence from?

The Spanish

Simón Bolívar

Simón Bolívar penned two political treatises—the Manifiesto
de Cartagena (“Cartagena Manifesto”) and the Carta de
Jamaica (“Letter from Jamaica”)—encouraging the people of
South America to rebel against Spanish colonial rule. Bolívar
himself led multiple expeditionary forces against the
Spaniards, and between 1819 and 1822 he successfully
liberated three territories—New Granada (Colombia and
Panama), Venezuela, and Quito (Ecuador)—from Spanish rule.
With the help of Argentine revolutionary José de San Martín,
Bolívar freed Peru (1824) and what was to become Bolivia
(1825) too.

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