Biology Blackout- Genetics

Genetics- Biology Blackout

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Codominance

Heterozygous

Dominant

Phenotype

Recessive

Genotype

Incomplete Dominance

Homozygous

Allele

Important Vocabulary (check your vocab portion)

Allele: A variant of a gene (Ex: Blue eyes = b, Brown eyes =B)

Genotype: The allele combination contained in an organism's genome (Ex: Bb)

Phenotype: The physical observable trait expressed in the organism  (Ex: blue eyes observed)

Homozygous: When the allele combination is the same  (Ex: bb)

Heterozygous: When the allele combination is different  (Ex: Bb)

Dominant: When it takes over/is displayed; capital letter (B) 

Recessive: When it is overpowered/not displayed unless there are two present at once; lowercase letter (b)

Incomplete Dominance: A trait intermediate between the two parents. Appearance of a third phenotype.

Codominance: Two dominant alleles are expressed at the same time. Expression of both alleles.

1) What are the possible genotypes of offspring from a pairing.

2) What is the likelihood that a particular allele will be expressed in children.

a) Percentage chance for a genotype (50% Gg, 25% GG etc)

b) Percentage chance for a phenotype (75% chance of Green color).

​Objectives for using a Punnett Square:

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In guinea pigs, short hair, S, is dominant to long hair, s. Complete the following Punnett squares according to the directions given. Then, fill in the blanks beside each Punnett square with the correct numbers.

A) Father guinea pig is Ss and mother is ss. Expected percentage of offspring: ____ Short hair (SS or Ss) ____ Long hair (ss)

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50% ss

ss

S

s

Ss

Ss

s

50% Ss

ss

s

Labelling

In guinea pigs, short hair-S, is dominant to long hair-s. Complete the following Punnett squares according to the directions given. Then, fill in the blanks beside each Punnett square with the correct numbers.

B) Both guinea pigs are heterozygous for short hair. Expected number of offspring:

____ Short hair ____ Long hair

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75% short

25% long

S

SS

s

Ss

s

S

ss

Ss

Labelling

Identify the following examples as incomplete dominance (I) or codominance (C)

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I

C

C

I

Open Ended

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Open Ended

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Open Ended

What does this picture represent?

Mother is white, father is black, and offspring is speckled...

Open Ended

Punnett squares are used by geneticists to determine the probability of different offspring genotypes. In the one shown below, what letter(s) belong in the lower right box?

​Now we will practice on the charts provided...

There are some charts on your table that you must practice. We will do four practice problems. You will also need to complete the three problems given to you on your handout..