G Chapter 2 Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Multiple Choice

Which two are examples of descriptive statistics?

• Median and correlation.

• Mean and standard deviation.

• Hypothesis testing and histograms.

• Variance and regression analysis.

Multiple Choice

In statistics, a sample:

• Can be used for inferences but not for predictions.

• Is another word for population.

• Is a set of data taken from the population to represent the population.

• Is only used in descriptive statistics.

Multiple Choice

How do descriptive and inferential statistics differ?

• Descriptive statistics are more computationally sophisticated than inferential statistics.

• Inferential statistics are more computationally sophisticated than descriptive statistics

• Descriptive statistics only attempt to describe data, while inferential statistics attempt to make predictions based on data.

• Inferential statistics only attempt to describe data, while descriptive statistics attempt to make predictions based on data.

Multiple Choice

What are two examples of inferential statistics?

• Range and percentiles.

• Mean and probability distributions.

• Regression analysis and hypothesis testing.

• Variance and correlation.

Multiple Choice

A prediction has been made that the chance that a person will be robbed in a certain city is 15%.

• Inferential

• Descriptive

Multiple Choice

Tell if the statement if Descriptive or Inferential

A recent survey of 2000 adults having an MBA reported that the average salary is more than $65,000 a year.

• Inferential

• Descriptive

Multiple Choice

Tell if the statement if Descriptive or Inferential

The chances of you getting a new car is about the same as passing your statistics class.

• Descriptive

• Inferential

Multiple Choice

Tell if the statement if Descriptive or Inferential

The Senior Citizens that live in Pekanbaru have better memories than the ones that live in Padang.

• Inferential

• Descriptive

Multiple Choice

Between a Population and Sample: which size is bigger ?

• Population

• Sample

• Both can be the same

• Not enough information

Multiple Choice

These are the two types of statistics:

• Discrete and Continuous

• Population and Sample

• Descriptive and Inferential

• Mean and Standard deviation

Inferential Statistics

Multiple Choice

In order to assess student reactions to the school's COVID safety protocols, the principal sent a survey to every fifth person on the school's alphabetical list of students. He used the technique of

• random sampling

• random assignment

Multiple Choice

The purpose of random sampling is to

• include as many members of the population as possible in the research

• obtain the largest possible sample

• obtain a representative sample from which generalizations can be made

• guarantee that the research sample will proportionally represent the population of interest

After using descriptive statistics,

researchers can use inferential statistics to:

Generalize from a study sample to the population of interest

Assess statistical significance (the likelihood that an observed result did not occur by chance)

In general, statistical significance results from:

• a large difference between sample averages

• a reliable sample: one that is representative and has low variability

Multiple Choice

Which data set is more reliable?

• In a study of science performance among CPS high school students, the four-year science course grades of 300 graduating LPHS seniors are recorded.

• In a study of science performance among CPS high school students, the four-year science course grades of 3,000 graduating seniors from various CPS schools in different neighborhoods are recorded.

Multiple Choice

Which of these differences is likely to have greater statistical significance?

• The average science course grades of LPHS graduating seniors is higher for females than for males. Specifically, the average course grade for females was 83%, and for males it was 70%.

• The average science course grades of LPHS graduating seniors is higher for females than for males. Specifically, the average course grade for females was 83%, and for males it was 81%.

Multiple Choice

Which data set is more reliable?

• The average science test grades of LPHS graduating seniors is higher for females than for males. The data also show a large number of extreme scores (outliers) in the female data set.

• The average science test grades of LPHS graduating seniors is higher for females than for males. The data also show that scores are close to the mean for both groups.