the printing press

Suleiman the magnificent

and the prostants reformation leading onto to the printing press

1520-1566

Lt I can identify how suleiman the magnificent
became so popular in modern day turkey

Do now complete the kwl on turkey (in your notebook)

5 things that you know

5 thing you learn

2 question

Important vocabulary

sultan

Islam

Military Expeditions

governor

Legal system

Lawgiver

Tax system

Mediterranean

Patron

The medici family

The would pay the patron to create beautiful art work

Ch. 18, sec. #1 – Ottomans Build a Vast Empire
Turks Move into Byzantium
1. In the 1300s, a man named Osman united
many of the nomadic ghazis, or Islamic
warriors of Anatolia.
2. His followers became known as Ottomans
3. Gunpowder was a major factor in the rise
of Ottoman power.

Osman I

Ghazi

Ottoman Canon

Beginning of
Ottoman Empire

4. The 2nd Ottoman leader was
Orkhan I. He declared himself
sultan, or “overlord” and soon
conquered the Byzantine city of
Adrianople.

5. Ottoman growth was
interrupted by the military
activities of Timur the Lame, a
rebellious warrior from Central
Asia.

Timur the Lame

Orkan I

Powerful Sultans Spur Dramatic Expansion
1. Mehmed II or Mehmed the
Conqueror led the Ottomans to
takeover the city of Constantinople
and opened up the Bosporus Strait
for Ottoman shipping and trade.

2. Mehmed opened the city to new
citizens of many religious
backgrounds. Christians, Jews,
and Muslims moved to the city and
today it is known as Istanbul.

Mehmed II

Suleyman the Lawgiver
1. Suleyman the Lawgiver or
Suleyman the Magnificent came to the
throne in 1520. He ruled for 46 years.

2. He spread the Ottoman Empire into
Europe, Central Asia, and North Africa.

3. Sultans in the Ottoman Empire used
a system called devshirme, or taking
boys from conquered Christian
countries and turning them into Muslim
soldiers.

4. The army had an elite force known
as janissaries, or warriors loyal only to
the sultan.

Suleyman the Lawgiver

devshirme

janissaries

The Empires Declines Slowly
1. One of the major factors for the decline of the Ottoman
Empire was incompetent leadership.

Ch. 18, sec. #2 – Cultural Blending
1. The pursuit of religious converts, trade, and conquest led to
cultural blending during the Ottoman Empire.

Safavids
1. The Safavid Empire was a
Shi’ite Muslim dynasty in Persia
during the 16th and 18th centuries
that blended traditions of
Persians, Ottomans, and Arabs.
2. The Safavid Empire grew
during the time of a 12-year-old
leader name Isma’il, he took the
title of shah or king.

3. Isma’il didn’t adopt a policy of
religious toleration. He also
outraged many Ottomans by
destroying Sunnis in Baghdad.

4. The Safavid Empire’s national
industry of carpet weaving
became strongly influenced by
Western cultures as European
demand for these rugs grew.
5. The Safavid Empire declined
due to incompetent leaders.

Ch. 18, sec. #3 – Mughal Empire in India
Akbar’s Golden Age
1. Akbar was a great ruler of Mughal
Empire in India from 1556 to 1603. He is
known for his wisdom and tolerance.

2. Although a Muslim, Akbar allowed
cultural blending by permitting religious
freedom.

3. A language called Urdu, which means
“from the soldier’s camp” is an example of
cultural blending during the Mughal Empire.
It is a mix of many different languages
spoken by Mughal soldiers from different
areas.

Abkar’s Successors
1. Jahangir came to power next. His
rebellious son, Khusrau, left and was
protected by a religious group called the
Sikhs.

2. Mughals killed the Sikh leader, which
turned this non-violent group into an
anti-Muslim militant group.

3. Shah Jahan was a ruler who often
ignored his own people because he was
more interested in his wife and
architecture. So much that he had the
famous Taj Mahal in memory of his wife,
Mumtaz Mahal.

Kernel They control the trade of the meediterrian sea

Who

When

Why

Suleman the magnificent day
continued (2)

FQ how did sulieman the
magnificent ruled modern day
turkey 󰑍

Lt I can identify how sulieman the
magnificent enhance or (impprove) modern
day turkey.
Watch this video and record 2 facts

how did sulieman the magnificent improvise
turkey

The Ottoman Empire started as a small state

around Bursa in Anatolia (now Turkey). By

the late 1400s, the empire had expanded into

eastern Europe.

Background

■
by 1300 AD:

○
the Byzantine Empire is in decline

■
strong Turkish leaders emerged to create the
Ottoman Empire

○
by 1453 Turks had conquered Constantinople

Early Leaders

■
Osman (aka Othman) 1300-1326 AD

○
named his followers Ottomans

■
Orkhan I

○
Osman’s son

○
first to name himself “sultan”

■
means “overlord” or “one with power”

Who fights for these early leaders?

■
“ghazis”

○
warriors for Islam

■
what was their goal?

○
raided territories and attacked people that did not believe in
Islam (known as “infidels”)

■
why were they so successful?

○
gunpowder

treatment of the conquered

■
Ottomans were fair to the people they conquered

○
appointed local officials

○
improved the lives of peasants

○
MUSLIMS: required to serve in the army

■
BUT, did not have to pay taxes

○
Non-Muslims: did not serve in the military

■
BUT, had to pay the tax

Suleyman I

■
ruled from 1520-1566

○
great leader

○
Ottoman Empire is most
powerful during his reign

■
“The Lawgiver”

■
he was seen as both:

○
Sultan- political leader

○
Caliph- religious leader

Suleyman I

■
excellent military leader

○
captured many cities

■
Belgrade, Rhodes, Tripoli

■
by 1526: he is the most powerful monarch on Earth!

○
fighting wars in

■
Central Europe

■
North Africa

■
Central Asia

Military System

The Ottoman Empire

under Sultan

Suleyman I dominated
much of Europe and

North Africa.

Suleyman led Muslim
armies as far west as
the walls of Vienna,
shown here, in 1529.

During the 1600s, the Ottoman Empire

was the world's largest empire. It had its
capital in Istanbul and covered parts of
Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and

North Africa.

Decline of the Ottoman
Empire

Reasons for Decline

■
after Suleyman’s death:

○
his incompetent third son takes over

○
result?

■
long line of weak sultans

■
Nationalism during the 1600s – 1800s:

○
many nations win independence from Ottoman
control

○
why?

■
government corruption

■
high taxation

■
inflation

Reasons for Decline

■
Nationalism

○
devotion to one’s nation – putting national interests above
international concerns

○
late 1800s- group formed called Young Turks

■
goals→ strengthen Ottoman Empire & end western imperialism

○
1908- Young Turks overthrew sultan

■
put new sultan in power to carry out goals

■
Turkish Nationalism

○
persecuted non-Muslim communities; no more tolerance

■
Armenian Christians- genocide

■
Arabs- although Muslim, not Turks
○

led to Arab nationalism

Reasons for Decline

■
early 1900s

○
allied with Germany in World War I

○
1918: they are defeated and the Empire is broken up

■
nations, including the United Kingdom and Greece, occupied the
Ottoman Empire

■
1923

○
Turkish government abolished the Ottoman Empire

○
created the Republic of Turkey

The Printing Press Summary
1436

Lt I can identify how the printing press help the milldle
age and how it made copies to distribute to the society.
Watch this video and complete a noticing
routine in your notebook.

The printing press led to the
Renaissance. = rebirth new

Beginning or a new era in history

Why was the Printing Press Created?

The printing press was made in response to the following:

● Mistakes made by men who copied texts.
● Scribes not being able to correct mistakes found in texts.
● Scribes were illiterate themselves and might not have

understood what each letter was and what it meant.

● This led to a Dark Age in Europe because knowledge was

isolated to few.

How was the Printing Press Created?

The printing press was made in these ways:

● Johaness Gutenberg tried to fix the many problems with the

copying of works by hand.

● In order to get letters onto paper, Gutenberg used wooden cut

blocks that were soaked in ink to press into a paper

● This invention, was based off of a screw press.
● This allowed texts to be made at incredible speeds which were

unheard of at that time.

What are the Impacts of the Printing Press?

The immediate effects of the printing press were:

● The printing press led to a business to open in

major cities all around Europe.

● The press also led to a more educated Europe.
● The new education that came along with the

distribution of these texts led to the
Renaissance.

What were the Long Term Effects of the
Printing Press?

The printing press still affects the world we live in today in these ways:

●The printing press led to the formation of most Christian religions today
because Martin Luther was able to get and spread the Bible.
○These religions shaped the governments of many modern countries.

●The printing press allowed for the preservation of historical texts.
○Most of what we know, in terms of history, came from Europe and their
printed books.

●The printing press led to communication and later a globalized world.
○Without the printing press knowledge, ingenuity, and the ability to
spread information would be nonexistent, leading to an isolated Europe.

Why is it Important?

The printing press was important because:

● The printing press led to a world full of

possibility for those in the dark ages. In
summary, knowledge became an attainable
goal to all because of the printing press.

Printing press
leading to the
renaissance

14th to 17th century

Lt i can identify how the renaissance
impacted modern day city in italy

Watch this video and completing the 5w

Who

What

Where

When

And

why

Make a inference. What do u think the word
renaissance mean

Important takeaways from the renaissance

It was an incredible time of beauty,
blossoming with creativity and
curiosity.

Vocabulary

●Renaissance - rebirth

●Humanism doctrine promoting the welfare of mankind.

●Secular

●Vernacular

●Classism

Important artist from the renaissance

Leonardo da vinci

Picasso

Van Gogh

Keith haring

Dail

Michelangelo

Johannes gutenberg

INVENTOR OF THE PRINTING PRESS.