7 - Unit 1, Section 2 - Day 2

Biological Molecules

Unit 1, Section 2

Open Ended

List all four of the biological molecules we learned about yesterday.

Biological molecules are big

• They can contain hundreds, or thousands, or millions of atoms

• But they're all made of smaller pieces linked together

What Are Biological Molecules Made Of?

Monomer - A small molecule that joins together to form a larger molecule

• Every biological molecule is made from monomers bonded together

• Every biological molecule has its own type of monomer

Monomers

Biological Molecules and Their Monomers

​Biological Molecule	​Monomer
​Proteins	Amino Acids​
Carbohydrate​s	Sugars​
Lipid​s	Fatty Acids​
Nucleic Acid​s	Nucleotides

Proteins are made of a long chain of amino acids that are bonded together

• There are only twenty amino acids
  

Proteins and Amino Acids

The Twenty Amino Acids

Carbohydrates are made of sugars that are bonded together

• Each hexagon in the picture is one sugar molecule

Carbohydrates and Sugars

Lipids are made of fatty acids that are bonded together

Lipids and Fatty Acids

Nucleic Acids are made of nucleotides that are bonded together

• There are five nucleotides

Nucleic Acids and Nucleotides

• Adenine (A)

• Uracil (U)

• Guanine (G)

• Cytosine (C)

RNA

• Adenine (A)

• Thymine (T)

• Guanine (G)

• Cytosine (C)

DNA

The Five Nucleotides

Match

Match each biological molecule to its corresponding monomer.

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Nucleic Acids

Amino Acids

Sugars

Fatty Acids

Nucleotides

• Amino Acids

• Sugars

• Fatty Acids

• Nucleotides

Open Ended

There are over 100,000 different proteins in every cell in your body. Explain how you think there are so many different proteins, if they are all made from the same twenty amino acids.