Skeletal System-MT day 1

The
Skeletal
System

Chapter 2

The Bones of the
Skeletal System

02.

Functions of the Skeletal System
01. Support

●structure and shape

02. Protection

●surrounds & protects internal organs

03. Mineral storage

●calcium & phosphorus

04. Blood cell formation

●RBC formed in bone marrow

05. Anchoring and movement of
muscles

Multiple Choice

What are the functions of the skeleton?

• Protection
• Blood cell production/Mineral storage

• Movement/anchoring

• All of these
• Protection

Bone

• Is made up of minerals
• Contains:

– living substances

• osteoblasts— cells which form new bone
• osteoclasts— cells which eat away old bone
• osteocytes— mature bone cells

– non-living substances

• minerals— calcium and phosphorus
• salts

Broken bones heal themselves through the use of
osteoclasts eating the broken pieces and osteoblasts
forming new bone.

Match

Match the following

• osteoblast

• osteoclast

• osteocyte

cell which form a new bone

cell which eat away old bone

mature bone cell

• cell which form a new bone

• cell which eat away old bone

• mature bone cell

Types and Shapes of Bones

Long Bone Anatomy

Match

Match the following

• diaphysis

• epiphysis

• periosteum

• hematopoiesis

shaft of long bone

ends of long bones

covers the surface of bone

formation of blood

• shaft of long bone

• ends of long bones

• covers the surface of bone

• formation of blood

Multiple Choice

The diaphysis contains ______ bone marrow.

• yellow

• red

• white

• green

Multiple Choice

The epiphysis contains ______ bone marrow

• red

• yellow

• white

• green

Long Bones

• Are those which are longer than they are wide
• Include:

– femur
– tibia
– Fibula
– humerus

12

– radius
– ulna
– phalanges

SHORT BONES

• Are as wide as they are tall
• Are found in areas where there is

little room
and strength is needed

• Are very compact
• Include:

– carpals
– tarsals

FLAT BONES

• Are large flat surfaced bones
• Offer protection of organs
• Serve as attachment

sites for muscles

• Include:

– skull
– pelvis
– sternum
– ribcage
– scapula

IRREGULAR BONES

• Are similar to the other bones, but are unique in their

shape

• Serve a unique purpose in the body, such as:

– protecting nervous tissue— vertebrae
– acting as an attachment point for muscles— sacrum
– maintaining pharynx and trachea support and tongue

attachment— hyoid bone

SESAMOID BONE

Sesamoid bones are small bones that are situated

within tendons.

They are also called floating

bones.

Example: Patella

Match

Match the following

• long bones

• short bones

• flat bones

• irregular bone

longer than wide

cubed shaped

provide muscle attachment

complex shape

• longer than wide

• cubed shaped

• provide muscle attachment

• complex shape