Unit 1 Review

Unit 1 Exam Review
(Topics 1,2,3,4)

​Unit 1 Exam Structure

• Based off Topics 1,2,3, and 4.

• All multiple choice.

• 20 questions.

• You have the entire class period.

• Worth ~40% of your grade this quarter.

• No phones, notes, smart watches, music, and talking are allowed.

Topic 1 (Nature of Science

​What do you need to Know?

• Independent variable vs dependent variable vs control group vs experimental group.

• Interpreting Data tables and graphs.

• CER: Claim, Evidence, and Reasoning

Multiple Choice

Josie was performing an experiment where she grew the same kind of tomatoes in the same soil and amount of water.  She sat one in the sun and one in a closet for 14 days.  What is the independent variable in Josie's experiment?

• tomatoes

• sunlight

• soil

• water

Multiple Choice

An experiment is performed on plants to see how different liquids affect plant growth. Each plant in the experiment is given a different liquid: water, apple juice, or milk. What variables should be kept constant/controlled? 

• water, apple juice, or milk

• only the amount of sunlight

• type of plant only

• type of plant, flower pot, soil, and amount of water.

Multiple Choice

A study on a poultry farm was conducted to determine the percentage of vitamin supplement necessary to add to the feed of turkeys in order to maximize their growth. According to this data, what percentage of vitamin supplement should be added to the turkeys' diet?

• 6%

• 10%

• 8%

• 14%

Multiple Select

This graph shows the temperature in the lab for an entire experiment. (Determine which statement(s) is/are true.)

• The temperature reached its highest point during the experiment at Hour 12.

• The temperature was decreasing for more hours than it was increasing during the experiment.

• The temperature was at its lowest when the experiment began.

• The temperature at the end of the experiment was equal to the temperature at the beginning of the experiment.

Match

Read the text below and determine which part is the claim, evidence, and reasoning.

Air is matter. We found that the weight of the ball increases by .5lbs each time we pumped more air into it. This shows that air has weight, one of the characteristics of matter.

• Claim

• Evidence

• Reasoning

Air is matter

We found that the weight of the ball in.

This shows that air has weight, one of..

• Air is matter

• We found that the weight of the ball in.

• This shows that air has weight, one of..

Topic 2 (Dynamic Ecosystems)

​What do you need to know?

• Biotic vs abiotic factors.

• How do biotic and abiotic factors affect populations?

• Primary vs Secondary succession

• Reasons for a loss of biodiversity and effects of loss of biodiversity .

• Limiting factors, density dependent vs density independent. How and why do populations grow or shrink.

Multiple Choice

Mullet are local estuarine fish that move in schools and feed on plankton and plant matter. Natural predators of the mullet include spotted sea trout, sharks, pelicans and dolphins. The graph below shows how the number of mullet in an area has changed over time. Based on the data, one student concludes that a new predator was introduced into the area during this time period.

Which of the following is a likely alternate explanation for the change in the mullet population?

• mullet prey increased in the area

• the temperature of the area increased

• mullet parasites decreased in the area

• the amount of aquatic plants in the area increased

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a density-dependent limiting factor?

• predation

• disease

• competition

• flood

Multiple Choice

The following illustration represents the stages of an ecological succession in New York State. The stages are NOT in order. Which sequence represents a correct order of succession that would involve these stages?

• 3, 2, 1, 4, 5

• 2, 1, 3, 5, 4

• 2, 3, 1, 4, 5

• 3, 1, 2, 5, 4

Multiple Choice

Which of the following would most likely lead to primary succession?

• Forest fire

• Underwater volcanic eruption

• Category 4 hurricane

• 7.7 magnitude earthquake

Multiple Select

Which TWO events could cause the carrying capacity of this ecosystem to move from point B to point A?

• a fire caused a reduction in available food and shelter

• introduction of predator

• overhunting of top predator in the area

• government creates a law that protect area from human activities

• disease reduces population of competitor

Topic 3 (Energy and Matter in Ecosystems)

What do you need to know?

• Food chains vs food webs.

• Producers vs primary vs secondary vs tertiary consumers.

• Role of energy and matter in an ecosystem.

• Movement of energy/matter through trophic levels.

• Ecological pyramids.

• Carbon cycle vs water cycle. Know each process.

Multiple Select

A food chain of an ocean bay is pictured.

Imagine a sea otter moves to the area. The sea otter eats sea urchins.

What are the TWO most likely short term effects after that would happen to the ecosystem?

• The ecosystem would stay the same

• The sea duck population will decrease

• The crab population will increase

• The kelp population would increase

• The crab population will decrease

Multiple Choice

Which is the MOST energy efficient food chain for the mountain lion?

• Raspberry bush → Sparrow → Fox → Mountain lion

• Mountain lion → Rabbit → Raspberry bush

• Raspberry bush → Rabbit → Fox → Mountain lion

• Raspberry bush → Rabbit → Mountain lion

Labelling

Identify the trophic of each organism in this food web.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Primary Consumer

Producer

Tertiary Consumer

Secondary Consumer

Multiple Choice

This diagram shows the flow of carbon in a terrestrial ecosystem. What will most likely happen if the decomposers are removed from the carbon cycle?

• The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will decrease.

• The amount of carbon dioxide used by producers will increase.

• The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will increase.

• The amount of carbon dioxide needed by consumers will decrease.

Multiple Choice

Tropical rain forests receive as much as 450 cm of rain per year. They are the richest biome in terms of number of species.

Which statement best explains how destruction of tropical rain forests could affect the carbon cycle?

• Destroying rain forest trees would cause carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere to drop dangerously low.

• A loss of rain forest trees would have only a small effect on the carbon cycle, because they are green all year long.

• Rain forest destruction would cause only a small increase in carbon dioxide levels if the roots were left to remove carbon dioxide from the air.

• Cutting down rain forests could increase atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, because trees that could take up carbon dioxide would be removed.

Multiple Choice

he diagram shows a simplified carbon cycle.

Which of the following major storage reservoirs of carbon, stored in the form of carbon dioxide, is not represented in this diagram?

• Algae

• Ocean

• Soil bacteria

• Decay

Topic 4 (Human Impact on the Environment)

​What do you need to know?

• Ecological footprint

• What is sustainability?

• Renewable vs nonrenewable resources.

• Human causes for environmental problems.

• What are the key environmental problems?

Multiple Choice

Which human activity is correctly paired with its likely future consequence?

• overfishing in the Atlantic — increase in supply of flounder and salmon as food for people 

• development of electric cars or hybrid vehicles — increased rate of global warming 

• use of fossil fuels — depletion of underground coal, oil, and natural gas supplies 

• genetically engineering animals — less food available to feed the world’s population

Multiple Choice

Approximately 75 percent of the Earth's surface is covered in water. So why is water considered such a precious resource?

• The greenhouse effect is causing most of the world's freshwater to be trapped in the atmosphere

• Only a small fraction of the Earth's water is freshwater available for drinking and irrigation

• Each year, more freshwater is being trapped in icecaps located at the North and South Poles

• Global warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions will likely cause Earth's oceans to evaporate

Multiple Choice

Human activities that degrade ecosystems result in a loss of diversity of the living and nonliving environment.  Two ways in which humans frequently harm ecosystems and affect other organisms is through land use and pollution.

• It decreases the space and resources available to certain species

• It causes herbivores to become carnivorous

• It provides a more hospitable living environment

• It causes all the natural Earth cycles to stop

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an accurate difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources?

• Renewable resources are limited to a one time usage while nonrenewable can be used multiple times.

• Renewable resources are made up of human made processes while nonrenewable is Earth generated.

• Renewable resources can be replenished through natural processes while nonrenewable. resources exist in a fixed quantity.

• Renewable resources are only acquired through deep water research while nonrenewable is acquired through the atmosphere.

Multiple Choice

Deforestation by burning has been described as a "double whammy" to the environment, meaning it has 2 negative impacts. Why is this description accurate?

• Forest burning releases CO₂ while decreasing oxygen, which disrupts cycles

• Deforestation reduces the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere, which depletes the ozone layer

• Deforestation increases the number of plant and animal species by destroying habitat

• Forest clearing is often followed by land development, which often leads to increased noise pollution