Module 8 Crash Course

Module 8 Crash Course

• Homeostasis

• Non-infectious diseases

• Epidemiology

• Prevention

• Technologies and disorders

Multiple Choice

Some desert mammals can obtain their water from breaking down stored body fat. What type of adaptation is this?

• Behavioural

• Environmental

• Structural

• Physiological

Multiple Choice

Glucose levels are maintained by the hormones insulin and glucagon. Which statement best describes the changes in hormone levels of a healthy human soon after a high glucose meal?

• Insulin levels fall and glucagon levels rise.

• Insulin levels fall and glucagon levels fall.

• Insulin levels rise and glucagon levels fall.

• Insulin levels rise and glucagon levels rise.

Open Ended

What is the difference between the terms 'primary tumour' and 'secondary tumour'?

Fill in the Blank

What type of feedback loop responds to a stimulus by increasing the initial stimulus?

Open Ended

Referring to homeostasis, explain the mechanisms involved in cooling of the body.

Hint: What is the stimulus that activates this pathway, what are the receptors, effectors, and response?

Multiple Choice

The resting membrane potential is -70 mV, what threshold must is reach to generate an action potential?

• -55 mV

• -60 mV

• • -70 mV

• -20 mV

Fill in the Blank

What process of the generation of an action potential is described in the statement below.

Movement of sodium (Na+) ions from the extracellular side to intracellular side of a neuron to increase the membrane potential.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of an non-infectious disease?

• Polio caused by a virus

• Cholera caused by a bacterium

• Wheat rust caused by a fungus

• Haemophilia caused by a gene mutation

Multiple Choice

The Cancer Council in 1981 proposed an idea (shown in the image) that led to great success.

What is this an example of?

• Educational program

• Public health campaign

• Genetic engineering

• Government legislation

Open Ended

What is a ‘placebo’ and describe its importance in the context of an intervention study?

Open Ended

Explain the term ‘confounding factor’ in epidemiological study using an example.

Multiple Choice

What 2 structures in the eye are commonly involved in the refraction of incoming light rays?

• Aqueous humor and vitreous humor

• Lens and aqueous humor

• Lens and Pupil

• Cornea and lens

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE.

When viewing a distant object, the ciliary muscles contract, and the suspensory ligaments are taut. This increases the length of the lens and decreases the lens curvature, resulting in reduced refraction of light.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Draw

Draw a functional unit of the kidney (nephron), labelling each part that the glomerular filtrate passes through

Open Ended

What treatment option would be suitable for a patient with myopia (short-sightedness) and why? Be specific in terms of the structure of the assisted technology.

Multiple Choice

What specific nerve carries electrical signal from the ear to the brain?

• Optic nerve

• Auditory nerve

• Oculomotor nerve

• Facial nerve

Open Ended

Accommodation is the process by which the refractive power of the lens is altered by changing curvature to focus an object at a distance to view a clear image. Explain what structural changes occur in the eye when viewing an object at a very close distance compared to an object at a very far distance and what happens to the refractive power of the lens?

Any Questions?