Science Review

SCIENCE REVIEW

BENCHMARK A-1

LIVING AND
NON-LIVING

• All living things need air, water, food, and shelter to survive.

• They also need to reproduce to ensure the survival of their

species.

• Example: Humans breathe air, drink water, eat food, and live in

houses for shelter.

PLANTS FUNCTION

• Plants produce oxygen through a process called

photosynthesis.

• They absorb carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to produce

oxygen and glucose (food for the plant).

PLANTS
ADAPTATIONS

• Plants adapt to their environment to survive.

• Example: Cacti have thick skins and spines to prevent water

loss and protect themselves from predators.

PATTERNS OF
EARTH AND BEYOND

• The Earth rotates on its axis causing day and night.

• It orbits around the sun causing the change in seasons.

• The moon orbits around the Earth, causing its phases.

TRACKING THE
WEATHER

• We can track weather patterns by observing temperature,

humidity, wind speed and direction, and atmospheric pressure.

• Weather forecasts help us plan our activities.

MOVING WATER
AROUND US

• VWater moves in a cycle - evaporation from bodies of water

forms clouds (condensation), which then precipitate as rain or

snow (precipitation).

• This water eventually flows back into bodies of water

(collection).

EXPLORING ENERGY

• Energy is everywhere! It can be kinetic (motion), potential

(stored), thermal (heat), chemical (food), electrical (lightning),

or nuclear (sun).

HOW LIGHT
TRAVELS

• Light travels in straight lines until it hits an object.

• It can then be reflected, absorbed, or refracted (bent).

HEAT TRANSFER

• Heat can be transferred through conduction (touch),

convection (fluids), or radiation (sunlight).