Mixtures

Most Materials are Mixtures

• Mixture: a combination of two or more substances where each substance retains its own properties​

  • Most materials are mixtures​ of some sort

    • can contain elements, compounds or both

  • Examples of mixtures:

    • Atmosphere

    • Tap water

    • Soda

    • Adding Sugar/cream to coffee

  • Mixtures are a physical change

Mixtures can be separated by physical means

• The Components of a mixture can be separated by using the components physical properties

  • Filtration: means of separating a solid liquid relationship

  • Boiling/Evaporation

    • Removing salt/minerals from water

    • Distillation: Evaporating a liquid then condensing the vapor in another container

  • Melting

The classification of Matter

• Pure materials only contain a single element or compound

  • Pure gold is just Au, pure salt is NaCl

  • It is almost impossible to get a 100% pure substance, but we try to get as close as possible

• ​Impure material is a mixture of two or more compounds

Types of Mixtures-Heterogenous

• Heterogenous Mixtures: You can clearly distinguish the different parts of the mixture

  • Different parts of the mixture look different​

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Types of Mixtures-Homogenous

• Homogenous Mixture: You can't tell the different parts of the mixture apart

  • Every region looks the same

  • Two Types

    • Solution: all components are in the same state of matter

      • Atmosphere

    • Suspensions: Components are in different states of matter

      • Examples: Milk, Blood

      • Separated by a centrifuge