WW2 Review lesson 10-12

Noun-A curved piece of wood, stone,

or metal over an open space. It
supports the weight above it.

Fill in the Blanks

Perhaps your castle will have towers at each of the four corners joined by walls. Doors and windows come next, and these should be

-shaped as in a real castle.

arch

Noun-thinking, listening, or

watching carefully.

Fill in the Blanks

There are a few rules that must be followed by those entering the contest. Its important to pay

to what the judges have to say.

attention

Noun-Something given for doing

well.

Verb-To give something as a

prize or reward.

Fill in the Blanks

People of all ages take part in four different contest, including one for children under ten. Not everyone wins an

, but all have fun.

award

Verb-To fall down suddenly or to

cave in.

Verb-To fold together.

Fill in the Blanks

Next, you should dump sand in the middle of the space. Make sure the sand is wet enough and firmly packed or your castle will

before you get very far.

collapse

Verb-To destroy or tear

something down.

Fill in the Blanks

Some people believe that building a sandcastle is only half of the fun. They think that

it after the contest is over is the best part.

demolish

Adjective-more than is needed or

allowed.

Fill in the Blanks

There are two parts to building a prize-winning castle. The first is putting sand in places where it is needed, and the second is removing

sand where it isn't.

excess

Noun-A line showing the outside

edge of an object or figure.

Noun-A short list or plan that gives
the main ideas of a longer report.

Fill in the Blanks

Before starting to build a sandcastle, you should have an idea of what it will look like. Begin by drawing an

in the sand with a stick

outline

Noun-A work of art made by shaping
wood, stone, or other material into a

certain form.

Fill in the Blanks

Jetties Beach, Nantucket, draws large crowds the second or third Saturday in August. Some go there to make sand

while others go there just to watch.

sculpture

Noun-A tool for digging It often has a
long handle fastened to a flat metal

blade.

Fill in the Blanks

The tools needed to make a sandcastle are quite simple. A

is the most useful because you can dig large amounts of sand and move it where it is needed.

spade

Noun-A tool or container that is

used for a special purpose.

Fill in the Blanks

Once you have cut away the four sided, you can start to shape the castle. Plastic spoons and knives, paper cups, and a large bucket are some of the

you will need.

utensil

Noun-The study of planets, stars,

and space.

Noun-A person who studies

astronomy.

Fill in the Blanks

Are you interested in learning more about stars, planets, and other objects in space? Then you might want to think about taking up

as a career.

astronomy/
astronomer

Preposition-In addition to or also

Fill in the Blanks

We know that our own planet is different from the others in one very important way. There is no other planet

Earth that is able to support life.

besides

Noun-A hole in the shape of a bowl
found in the ground or at the mouth

of a volcano.

Fill in the Blanks

Galileo was the first person to use this new scientific tool.With it, he was able to see the

on Mars and the rings of Saturn.

crater

Noun-A unit for measuring how

warm something is.

Noun-A stage or step in a series.

Fill in the Blanks

The work that Galileo began was carried on by those who followed in his footsteps. By

we have learned more and more about Earth's closest neighbors in space.

degree

Noun-The distance from side to side
and through the center of a circle or

a round object.

Fill in the Blanks

The largest of the eight plants is Jupiter. Its

is eleven times that of Earth.

diameter

Verb-To look steadily at

something for a long time.

Fill in the Blanks

Few people can look up at the stars without being deeply moved. To

at the night sky away from city lights when there are no clouds is to be filled with wonder.

gaze

Noun-The force that pulls things
toward the center of the Earth.

Noun-The condition of being

serious.

Fill in the Blanks

The sun and all the planets began as clouds of dust over five billion years ago. Then

caused the dust to form clumps that later became the sun and its nine planets.

gravity

Verb-To turn or throw back, such

as light or sound.

Verb-To think carefully about

something.

Fill in the Blanks

The first ones used curved pieces of glass that light passed through. Later ones used curved mirrors that

the light.

reflect

Noun-An object that makes distant

things seem closer and large. It

does this by using mirror and lenses.

Fill in the Blanks

The study of the planets did not get started until the early 1600s. That was when the

was invented.

telescope

Noun-All of space and all the

objects in space.

Fill in the Blanks

Are there other planets around other suns that can support life? Or are we creatures here on Earth all alone in the

?

universe

Noun-a book of maps

Fill in the Blanks

How would you find out where the island of Komoto is? Open your

to Indonesia and look for it there.

atlas

Adjective-knowing of or about something

Fill in the Blanks

It's unlikely that you will ever go to the island of Komoto. If you do, you should be

of the danger of going for a hike across the island on your own.

aware

Noun-an adult male pig

Fill in the Blanks

These giant lizards have enormous appetites if they haven't eaten for some time. They will make ameal of a wild

including the bones, in about twenty minutes.

boar

Noun-an imaginary line around the middle of

Earth. It is at an equal distance from the

North and South Poles.

Fill in the Blanks

If you have trouble finding it, here is a tip. Follow a line running six hundred miles north of the

, and it will bring you to the island.

equator

Noun-a long pointed tooth. It is found in

animals like dogs and tigers, which use it to

tear meat. It is also found in snakes.

Fill in the Blanks

Imaginary dragons can fly and breathe fire. Komodo dragons can do neither of these things, but like the dragons in books, they do have sharp

.

fang

Adjective-wild and likely to attack

Adjective-very strong and violent

Fill in the Blanks

Komodo dragons grow to ten feet in length and can weigh two hundred pounds. They are very

and will attack and eat people when they are hungry.

fierce

Noun-the hard, tough covering on the foot of
an animal such as a horse, a cow, or a deer.

Fill in the Blanks

There are deer on Komodo Island, and they too make a meal for one of these hungry creatures. Komodo dragons eat the whole deer, including its

.

hoof

Noun-a long trip from one place to another

Fill in the Blanks

Komodo dragons live on this island, but the outside world knew nothing of them until 1910. In that year, travelers who made the

to Komodo first saw them.

journey

Adjective-Having to do with a particular place. It is usually the town or neighborhood where one lives.

Fill in the Blanks

Some people think that the idea of storybook dragons came from this island. However, until 1910, only the

people knew about them.

local

Adjective-Not seen or happening very often

Adjective-Cooked very little

Fill in the Blanks

The people on the island have learned to stay away from these giant lizards. For that reason, attacks on people are quite

.

rare

Welcome to Saguaro National Park. We are in a a desert near Tucson, Arizona. My name is Miranda Calderon. I will be your guide on today's hike. I see that you are gazing up at the saguaro cactuses. Arent' they tall? They tower over us! These amazing cactuses can grow as tall as eighty feet. That is as tall as some four-story buildings. Many of these cactuses are very old. A saguaro can live to be 150 years old! This desert is the only place in the world where saguaros grow.

Multiple Choice

Read this sentence from the passage.

I see that you are gazing up at the saguaro cactuses.

To gaze at something means to look at it

• steadily

• very quickly

• in great surprise

• sadly

Multiple Choice

Read this sentence from the passage.

That may be a rattlesnake. Its fangs are poisonous.

Which of these are most likely to have fangs?

• animals that eat meat

• plants with sharp thorns

• animals that eat grass

• plants with bright flowers

Multiple Choice

Read these sentences from the passage.

Javelinas will try to protect their young. They can be very fierce.

What does Miranda mean by fierce?

• smart and fast

• shy and gentle

• big and strong

• angry and dangerous

Multiple Choice

Read this sentence from the passage.

The boars are especially likely to attack.

Boars are

• adult female pigs

• baby pigs

• adult male pigs

• the smallest pigs in the group

Multiple Choice

Read this sentence from the passage.

Frogs and toads are a lot more rare in the desert.

In this sentence, rare means

• not seen very often

• cooked very little

• active

• interesting

Multiple Choice

Read these sentences from the passage.

This toad gets its name from its back feet. They have parts shaped like little spades.

A spade is a tool like a

• toad

• frog

• shovel

• foot

Multiple Choice

Read this sentence from the passage.

Would you like to explore on your own after our journey?

In this sentence, journey means

• flight

• trip

• snack

• nap

Multiple Choice

Read this sentence from the passage.

Besides that, biking is good exercise.

In this sentence, besides means

• "in case you don't believe."

• "in speaking of"

• "never mind"

• "in addition to"

Multiple Choice

Read this sentence from the passage.

It also saves fuel.

Which of these ways of getting around uses fuel?

• a skateboard

• a hike

• a bicycle

• a car

Multiple Choice

To reflect on something is to

• ague about it

• think carefully about it

• decide not to do it

• make a plan to do it

One very interesting bird in the park is the Harris hawk. You may see Harris hawks gliding high above. They are searching for food. These birds sometimes hunt in packs like wolves. They also use "babysitters." While the parents hunt, the half-grown birds stay home with the youngest ones.

Would you like to explore on your own after our journey? You might want to rent a bicycle. Bicycles are a great wat to explore the park. Bikes are quieter than cars, and do not disturb the wildlife asa much. Besides that, biking is good exercise! It also saves fuel.

As you can see, the desert is very beautiful. But be careful. There are a few dangers out here. Please pay close attention to what you see and hear. You might hear anoise that sounds like dried peas rattling in a tin can. That may be a rattlesnake. Its fangs are poisonous. Luckily, these reptiles warn us to keep a safe distance. Here is another warning. You might see a cute little baby javelina. That is a wild pig. Do not pick it up. Its family is probably close by. Javelinas will try to protect their young. They can be very fierce. The boars are especially likely to attack.

There are many mammals in the park. You may see deer, bobcats, or coyotes. You may also see chipmunks and kangaroo rats. There are many repiles as well. These include rattlesnakes, lizards, and desert tortoises. Frogs and toads are a lot mmore rare in the desert. They need water. Water lets them breathe through their skins. That is why the spadefoot toad buries itself in the ground. It needs to escape the hot, dry weather. It can hide underground for up to two years! It comes above ground during the rainy seasaon. This toad gets its name from its back feet. They have parts shaped like little spades. That is why this toad is good at digging.