Revise

Grammar Lesson #3

Active vs Passive Voice

Multiple Choice

Is this sentence written in active or passive voice?

Every contestant must send in his or her application.

• Active

• Passive

Multiple Choice

Is this sentence written in active or passive voice?

An application was sent by every contestant.

• active

• passive

Multiple Choice

Is this sentence written in active or passive voice?

The money was stolen.

• active

• passive

The Verb 'To Be'

Essential & Nonessential Clauses

By Jenny McCullough

Essential (Needed) Clauses

An essential clause is necessary to identify a person or thing that is being described. It is not separated by commas.

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Subject | Subject

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Essential & Nonessential Clauses

By Jenny McCullough

Conjunctions have one job—to connect words, phrases, or clauses. But what makes them interesting is that they show us relationships between these phrases and clauses while also providing transitions between ideas.​

​There are several different types of conjunctions. One type of conjunction is the coordinating conjunction, which joins elements of equal importance in a sentence.

Some text here about the topic of discussion

A great way to remember the words that are coordinating conjunctions is that they spell out "FANBOYS": for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so.

For example:

Avery doesn't drink milk, nor does she eat cheese.

Eliza asked for help but she finished the problem alone.

Charlie met his friends to play ball, yet no one remembered a ball!

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Multiple Choice

Which word is the coordinating conjunction: Hayden carries a book wherever he goes, for he loves to read.

• wherever

• for

• carries

• to

Multiple Choice

Which word is the coordinating conjunction: Tyronne won't be at camp, nor will he be at the conference.

• wont

• be

• nor

• at

Multiple Choice

Which word is the coordinating conjunction: Kallista has homework, yet she is playing a video game.

• has

• yet

• is

• playing

Multiple Choice

Which word is the coordinating conjunction: Juanita is arranging the plates, so I will gather the silverware.

• is

• arranging

• so

• will

Multiple Choice

Which word is the coordinating conjunction: Ulysses saved his money and bought his own bike.

• saved

• and

• bought

• own

Multiple Choice

Which is the best coordinating conjunction to fill the blank?

Jason likes to eat bananas, apples, ___ oranges.

• yet

• and

• nor

• for

Multiple Choice

Which is the best coordinating conjunction to fill the blank?

Those scissors are rusty, ___I still want to use them.

• yet

• and

• nor

• for

Multiple Choice

Which is the best coordinating conjunction to fill the blank?

Herman loves chocolate, ___ every year, he asks for chocolate cake for his birthday.

• yet

• and

• but

• for

Subordinating Conjunctions

A.A.A.W.W.W.U.B.B.I.S.

What are subordinating conjunctions?

• Subordinating conjunctions are words or phrases that link a dependent clause to an independent clause.

• Some examples of subordinating conjunctions are: After, Although, As, When, Where, While, Until, Before, Because, If, and Since.

What are independent clauses?

• Independent clauses are simple sentences.

• They express ONE complete thought.

• They make sense.

• They can stand alone.

• Example: We played football yesterday.

Multiple Choice

Identify the independent clause in the following complex sentence:

When I went to the public library, I checked out a wonderful book.

• When I went to the public library.

• I checked out a wonderful book.

Multiple Choice

Identify the independent clause in the following complex sentence:

Since I finished reading my book, I returned it to the library.

• Since I finished reading my book.

• I returned it to the library.

What are dependent clauses?

• Dependent clauses are sentence fragments.

• They do not make sense on their own.

• They cannot stand alone.

• They start with a subordinating conjunction.

• Example: After the game.

Multiple Choice

Identify the dependent clause in the following complex sentence:

When I went to the public library, I checked out a wonderful book.

• I checked out a wonderful book.

• When I went to the public library.

Multiple Choice

Identify the dependent clause in the following complex sentence:

Since I finished reading my book, I returned it to the library.

• Since I finished reading my book.

• I returned it to the library.

Complex Sentences

• Complex Sentences are formed when you link a dependent clause and an independent clause by using a subordinating conjunction.

• We use the acronym, A.A.A.W.W.W.U.B.B.I.S., to help us remember the most frequently used subordinating conjunctions.

What does the acronym, A.A.A.W.W.W.U.B.B.I.S., stand for?

• After

• Although

• As

• When

• Where

• While

• Until

Multiple Select

Identify the three subordinating conjunctions from the list below.

• When

• While

• As

• and

Rules to follow with complex sentences:

• Rule #1: If a sentence begins with a subordinating conjunction, you will need a comma after the dependent clause.

• Example: If you do well on your test, you will have free time.

Multiple Choice

Which complex sentence is written correctly?

• While I was doing my homework, my mom was making dinner.

• While I was doing my homework my mom was making dinner.

Multiple Choice

Which complex sentence is written correctly?

• Since, I love to bake I am always making delicious treats.

• Since I love to bake, I am always making delicious treats!

Rules to follow with complex sentences:

• Rule #2: If the subordinating conjunction is in the middle of the sentence, you do not need a comma.

• Example: You will have free time if you do well on your test.

Multiple Choice

Which complex sentence is written correctly?

• My mom allows me to play video games, after I finish my homework.

• My mom allows me to play video games after I finish my homework.

Multiple Choice

Which complex sentence is written correctly?

• My mom allows me to play video games, after I finish my homework.

• My mom allows me to play video games after I finish my homework.

Multiple Choice

Which complex sentence is written correctly?

• She does not let me play, if I do not finish my homework on time.

• She does not let me play if I do not finish my homework on time.

Multiple Choice

When the two sentences have a subject, verb, and a complete thought......

• you just add a comma

• You add a conjunction( fanboys)

• You add a comma and a conjunction(Fanboys)

• You just combine them by taking the period out.

Multiple Choice

What is the best way to combine the sentences 1 and 2?

(1) I know you must be tired. (2) I will let you rest.

• I know you must be tired I will let you rest.

• I know you must be tired, because I will let you rest.

• I know you must be tired, so I will let you rest.

• You can not combine the sentences.

STAAR Revising & Editing

Essential (Needed) Clauses

An essential clause is necessary to identify a person or thing that is being described. It is not separated by commas.

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Subject | Subject

Some text here about the topic of discussion

The day that I was born was Saturday.

Multiple Choice

from Nadia’s story about a cooking attempt:

What change should be made in sentence 3?

• Insert a comma after fist

• Change then to than

• Change spins to spun

• Change it to them

Nonessential (Not needed) Clauses

A nonessential clause is not necessary to the meaning of the sentence. Commas are needed to set apart the clause.

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Subject | Subject

Some text here about the topic of discussion

My parents, who were living in Chicago, were prepared.

Multiple Choice

from Nadia’s story about a cooking attempt:

What is the correct way to write sentence 6?

• Mikayla’s parents surveyed the messy kitchen when they arrived home, although they were surprised. They were not upset, about her attempt to make pizza for dinner.

• Mikayla’s parents surveyed the messy kitchen when they arrived home, although they were surprised, they were not upset about her attempt to make pizza for dinner.

• Mikayla’s parents surveyed the messy kitchen when they arrived home. Although they were surprised, they were not upset. About her attempt to make pizza for dinner.

• Mikayla’s parents surveyed the messy kitchen when they arrived home. Although they were surprised, they were not upset about her attempt to make pizza for dinner.

Multiple Choice

They had rented a house (that already had a nursery).

• They had rented a house, that already had a nursery.

• They had rented a house that already had a nursery.

Multiple Choice

The neighborhood (which was near the lake) had many children.

• The neighborhood, which was near the lake, had many children.

• The neighborhood which was near the lake had many children.

Multiple Choice

from Nadia’s story about a cooking attempt:

What change should be made in sentence 8?

• Change Surely to Similarly

• Change restauront to restaurant

• Change you to them

• Change properly to proper

Multiple Choice

One of them (who was born a year later) would become my best friend.

• One of them, who was born a year later, would become my best friend.

• One of them who was born a year later would become my best friend.

Multiple Choice

The game (that I invented) is similar to hockey.

• The game, that I invented, is similar to hockey.

• The game that I invented is similar to hockey.

Multiple Choice

from Frederico’s letter to his parents:

What change, if any, should be made in sentence 3?

• Change could learn to could have learned

• Insert a comma after travel

• Change Solar System to solar system

• No change is needed.

Multiple Choice

We replaced pucks (which are too hard to hit) with soccer balls.

• We replaced pucks, which are too hard to hit, with soccer balls.

• We replaced pucks which are too hard to hit with soccer balls.

Multiple Choice

Each team has four players and a goalie (who doesn’t wear skates).

• Each team has four players and a goalie, who doesn’t wear skates.

• Each team has four players and a goalie who doesn’t wear skates.

Multiple Choice

e from Frederico’s letter to his parents.

What is the correct way to write sentence 7?

• Space Center Houston has activities that our whole family enjoyed.

• Space Center Houston has activities that our whole family will enjoy

• Space Center Houston has activities that our whole family have been enjoying.

• Space Center Houston has activities that our whole family had enjoyed.

Multiple Choice

The first team (that scores three goals) wins the game.

• The first team, that scores three goals, wins the game.

• The first team that scores three goals wins the game.

Multiple Choice

from Frederico’s letter to his parents

What change should be made in sentence 9?

• Change If to Unless

• Change us to them

• Change are to is

• Change fascinating to fasinating