Grade_8_EoT_Review

Multiple Choice

The processes that form and shape the small stream bed are similar to those that form and shape the grand canyon.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

How long do you think it would take to create a canyon as deep as the grand canyon?

• 100 Years

• 2 Years

• 1 Year

• Millions of Years

Multiple Choice

The principle of uniformitarianism say that sedimentary rock are laid in horizontal layers

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

_______________State that the processes that happen today are similar to those that happen in the past.

• Unconformity

• Uniformitarianism

• Relative age

• Absolute age

Multiple Choice

Refer to the figure and answer the question

Event P occured_______________layer H.

• After

• At the same time as

• Before

Multiple Choice

Which geologic principle must be assumed to determine the relative age of M?

• Super position

• Cross-cutting relationships

• Inclusions

• Original horizontality

Multiple Choice

Refer to the figure to answer the question.

According to the principle of____________Event P is younger than event M

• Inclusions

• Cross-cutting relationships

• Original horizontality

• Subduction

Multiple Choice

During a field studies course, you visit a canyon in Utah. Your teacher asks you to determine the relative order of geologic events based on patterns of rock layering in the canyon.

Which of the following would be a common way to determine the relative ages of the rock layers in the canyon?

• Use radiocarbon dating to determine their precise ages.

• Identify the absolute ages of the layers using index fossils.

• Interpret the ages of the layers in comparison to each other.

• Classify the rock types to determine the layers numerical ages.

Multiple Choice

The principle of _______________________states that, in an undisturbed sequence, the oldest rock are at the bottom of the sequence and successive layers are younger than those below them

• multiplication
• inversion
• superposition
• subtraction

Multiple Choice

The principle of superposition can be used to determine

• The actual age of these rock layers

• The relative densities of these rock layers

• The actual temperatures of these rock layers

• The relative age of these rock layers

Multiple Choice

Refer the figure to answer the following question.

Layer J is ____________Layer N

• Older than

• The same age as

• Younger than

• Denser than

Multiple Choice

The oldest rock layer in an undisturbed rock sequence occurs__________

• At the bottom of the sequence

• Below the sedimentary rock layer

• Below the unconformity

• At the top of the sequence

Multiple Choice

Refer the figure to answer the question

Layer H is deposited on a _______________

• Angular Unconformity

• Nonconformity

• Disconformity

• Fault

Multiple Choice

Refer the figure to answer the question

Layer L is _____________Layer H.

• Older than

• The same age as

• Younger than

• The same type of rock as

Multiple Choice

What classification of unconformity occurs when sedimentary rock overlies igneous rock?

• Disconformity

• Nonconformity

• Angular Unconformity

• Conformity

Multiple Choice

An Unconformity between two sedimentary layers is called a disconformity

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

The gap in the rock record that occurs between folded or uplifted rock layers and a sedimentary rock layer on top of them is called a

• Nonconformity

• Angular Unconformity

• Conformity

• Disconformity

Multiple Choice

When part of the rock record is destroyed, the erosional gap is an

• Inclusion

• Key bed

• Unconformity

• superposition

Multiple Choice

The inclusions in M are ____ than the rock itself

• Elder than

• The same age as 

• Older than 

• Similar to

Multiple Choice

The relative ages of Layers HIJK can be determined by the principles of 

• Inclusions

• Lateral continuity

• Original horizontality

• superposition

Multiple Choice

According to the principle of ______ QMONL were not deposited at an angle when they first formed

• Inclusions

• Lateral continuity

• Original horizontality

• superposition

Multiple Choice

A__________is part of the DNA code on a chromosome.

• Gene

• Genotype

• Phenotype

• Gender

Multiple Choice

The erosion of Layers LMN occurred ____ Event P

• After

• At the same time as

• Before

• At the same rate as

Multiple Choice

The diagram below shows a segment of DNA before and after replication. Which of the following could have occurred because of the change in structure?

• I and III only

• I only

• I and II only

• I, II and III

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a benefit of genetically modified organisms (GMOs)

• Developing crops that mature faster and can ripen after picked

• Resistance to particular insects, pests and disease

• Reduce cost and increase the amount of crop picked

• Health risks from the consumption of genetically modified crops.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not correct regarding the structure of DNA?

• A gene is a segment of DNA on a chromosome

• Chromosomes are made of proteins and DNA

• DNA is a single stranded helix and has the nitrogen base Uracil (U)

• DNA in a chromosome is tightly coiled

Multiple Choice

A population of beetles changing from yellow to brown and surviving better is an example of ___________

• Genes

• Mutations

• Natural selection

• Selective breeding

Multiple Choice

Species can change over time and adapt to their environment_____________________

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Although Darwin did not know about genes, he could see that animals of the same species who had slight variations that helped them to survive longer could produce more offspring than animals who were not as well equipped. Which of the following could be an example of a variation that would help a group of animals survive?

• Black bears in a region that was always covered with snow

• Turtles with long neck on an island where the food source was elevated

• Choosing a cat to take home from an animal shelter

• Planting a certain kind of flower to attract butterflies

Multiple Choice

What does the picture illustrate?

• How variations results in an adaptation

• How camouflage results in variation

• How selective breeding results in an adaptation

• How mimicry results in variations. 

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an inherited trait that increases an organism's chance of survival and reproduction?

• Adaptation

• Mutation

• Natural selection

• Selective breeding

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a behavioral adaptation?

• Blue whales migrating to give birth

• Tree frogs having long sticky tongues

• Alligator's eyes being on top of their heads to help them see above water

• Hedgehogs having stiff spines sticking out their bodies

Multiple Choice

An adaptation ____________

• Is an inherited trait

• Increases a species chances of surviving 

• Increases a species chances of reproducing 

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

____________ is a structural adaptation where an organisms looks like another organism in order to protect himself or get more food

• Mimicry
• Hibernation
• Mutation
• Camouflage

Multiple Choice

______________ is a structural adaptation that allows an organism to blend with his environment.

• Glowing in the dark
• Wearing bright colors
• Making loud noises
• Camouflage

Multiple Choice

Which of the following could be illustrated by the bird eating the white moth?

• Reproduction

• Differentiation

• Competition

• Selection

Multiple Choice

Zebras have the same stripe pattern. Such slight differences in the inherited traits among individual members of the species occur through mutations. Which term best identifies these differences?

• Variation

• Adaptation

• Natural selection

• Mimicry

Multiple Choice

Humans can change a specie's ___________by choosing which organisms will reproduce

• size
• age
• color
• traits

Multiple Choice

Humans can influence traits in dogs by selective breeding to get a designed dog breed. See an example in the figure below. Which of the following is correct?

• Selective breeding has no impact on dog breeds
• Artificial selection has been made to influence traits and produce the Labradoodle breed.

• Humans can influence traits in dogs by selective breeding to get a designed dog breed.
• Dogs' traits are completely random and cannot be influenced by humans

Multiple Choice

When humans breed organisms, they are selecting variations that occur naturally in populations. 

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Breeders can choose a trait and only breed specific organisms to have offspring with that trait

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Humans can change an organisms ____ by checking which organisms will reproduce

• Food

• Genes

• Predators

• sex

Multiple Choice

Food we eat has not been modified through selective breeding.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a benefit of genetically modified organisms (GMOs)

• Developing crops that mature faster and can ripen after picked

• Resistance to particular insects, pests and disease

• Reduce cost and increase the amount of crop picked

• Health risks from the consumption of genetically modified crops.

Multiple Choice

Gene therapy is used to treat patients with cancer

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which type of fossilization involves the preservation of tracks, burrows, or other evidence of an organism's activity?

• Trace fossilization

• Mold fossilization

• Permineralization

• Compression fossilization

Multiple Choice

Golden rice is a type of rice that has been altered to contain vitamin A. This yellow rice is beneficial to populations that typically do not receive enough vitamin A from other sources. How is golden rice classified?

• A) Genetically engineered

• B) Genetically modified Organism

• c) Altered through gene therapy

• D) A & B

Multiple Choice

What is the process called when minerals carried by water are deposited around a hard structure, such as bone or wood, eventually turning it into a fossil?

• Preservation

• Encapsulation

• Replacement

• Mineralization

Multiple Choice

How does petrification occur in the fossilization process?

• Freezing of organic material

• Replacement of organic material with minerals

• Compression of organic material

• Carbonization of organic material

Multiple Choice

Fossils found in hardened tree sap, such as insects, are examples of:

• Mold fossils

• Cast fossils

• Amber fossils

• Trace fossils

Multiple Choice

Fossils formed by the compression of organic material, leaving a thin carbon residue, are known as:

• Mold fossils

• Cast fossils

• Petrified fossils

• Carbonized fossils

Multiple Choice

Butterflies taste with their legs, while humans taste with their tongues. In this way, butterflies leg and humans tounge are_________structures.

• Homologous

• Analogous

Multiple Choice

These are homologous structures because their origins are different, but they look and act the same.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Homologous structures show that two or more species could share a _________ancestor.

• common

• different

• same

• not given

Multiple Choice

Which statement best describes the theory of evolution?

• Environmental conditions limit the number of species on earth

• Individuals live longer and reproduce more when food resources are poor

• Individuals in different locations on earth have the same traits

• The traits (Characteristics) of a species can change over time t help them survive in their environment.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is correct regarding the figure of forelimbs of different species?

• The more similar two structures are to each other, the more likely it is that the species have evolved from a common ancestor.

• Humans, cats and frogs have a completely different bone structures in the forelimbs than in the bats and birds

• Homologous structures between two species (such as humans and birds) indicate they came from two different ancestors

• Comparitative anatomy is only used to study similarities and differences among structures of fossil species.

Multiple Choice

The changes over time in the traits of an organism are ____

• growth

• Biogenesis

• Spontaneous generation

• evolution

Multiple Choice

The graph shows even-toed hoofed mammals and other mammals share a common ancestor. When did this ancestor live?

• 75 million years ago

• 175 million years ago

• 100 million years ago

• 50 million years ago

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is evidence of evolution?

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

• Vestigial structures

• All of the above. 

Multiple Choice

These are analogous structures because they have different functions but their origin is the same

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is correct regarding the car motion from point a to point D on the racetrack model shown.

• The car distance is 800m, and its displacement is 300m

• The car distance is 1200m, and its displacement is 400m

• The car distance is 1200m, and its displacement is 310m

• The car distance is equal toits displacement

Multiple Choice

If you ride your bike around the block, returning to exact point where you started, your displacement is ___________m?

• 0m
• 20m
• 5m
• 10m

Multiple Choice

A train traveled 250 km from its starting point in 5h. If the train continues at the same average speed for another 4h, how far will it have travelled from its starting point?

• 450 km

• 100 km
• 300 km
• 150 km

Multiple Choice

According to Newton's second law of motion, a larger force acting on an object causes a greater_________________of that object

• Acceleration

• Velocity

• speed

• mass

Multiple Choice

Acceleration depends on which two factors?

• Acceleration depends on net force and mass.

• Acceleration depends on speed and time.
• Acceleration depends on distance and velocity.
• Acceleration depends on energy and power.

Multiple Choice

The model below represents a star orbited by two planets - Planet A and Planet B. The star is also orbited by a mysterious object, object X, which entered into the star's gravitational field. The star is the most massive object, followed by planet B, Planet A and Object X. Use the model to answer the question

In the model, how is the mass of the objects represented?

• The mass is represented by the size of the objects

• The mass is represented by the distance between the objects.

• The mass is represented by the color of the objects

• The mass is not represented

Multiple Choice

The gravitational force from Planet A oon the star is shown in th model. How should the arrow that represents the gravitationsl force from the star on planet A be represented?

• It should point from planet a toward the star and will be longer because the star has more mass.

• It should point from planet A toward the star and will be the same size because it is and equal and opposite force

• The arrow should be a dashed lineIt should point from planet A toward the star and will be shorter because planet A has less mass

• There is no arrow to represent because gravitational force is only in one direction

Multiple Choice

There is a gravitational force between you and your desk. This gravitational force is very small because

• The masses are tiny as compared to the earth's mass

• The gravitational force is very small because the mass of the desk is much smaller than the mass of the Earth, and the distance between you and the desk is relatively small.
• The gravitational force is very small because the desk is not attracted to you
• The gravitational force is very small because the desk is not affected by gravity

Multiple Choice

If the mass of one of two spheres increases, how does it affect the gravity between the two spheres?

• The gravity increases

• The gravity decreases

• The gravity fluctuates

• The gravity is not affected

Multiple Choice

Gravity is an example of which kind of force?

• Non contact force

• Magnetic force
• Frictional force
• Nuclear force

Multiple Choice

Gravitational force differs based on two things. It increases with increasing________________. It decreases with increasing____________________

• Mass, Distance

• speed, Time

• Speed, Velocity

Multiple Choice

A planet is discovered that has twice the mass of earth but the same gravitational acceleration. If you weigh 700 N on Earth, on the new planet you would weigh

• 1000 N
• 700 N

• 500 N
• 350 N

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not true of gravitational force?

• Depends on speed

• Gravitational force is not affected by the mass of the objects involved.
• Gravitational force is not affected by the distance between objects
• Gravitational force is a fictitious concept

Multiple Choice



Aiden collected canned goods for a neighbourhood service project. He pulled a plastic wagon behind him to put the items in. From the time Aiden began until he finished collecting, the mass of the wagon tripled. The walk back to Aiden's house was downhill and the speed of the wagon tripled. What happened to the kinetic energy when the mass tripled? What happened to the kinetic energy when the speed tripled?

• When the mass tripled, the kinetic energy increased by a factor of 3.

  When the speed tripled, the kinetic energy increased by a factor of 3.

• When the mass tripled, the kinetic energy increased by a factor of 3.

  When the speed tripled, the kinetic energy increased by a factor of 9.

• C When the mass tripled, the kinetic energy increased by a factor of 9.

  When the speed tripled, the kinetic energy increased by a factor of 3.

• When the mass tripled, the kinetic energy increased by a factor of 9.

  When the speed tripled, the kinetic energy increased by a factor of 9.

Multiple Choice

The figure below shows mass and relative kinetic energy in energy bars for three vehicles.

What can you determine about the speed of the blue car?

• The blue car's speed is the same as the red car's speed.

• The blue car's speed is less than the truck's speed.

• The blue car's speed is equal to the truck's speed.

• The blue car's speed is greater than the red car's speed.

Multiple Choice

As mass decreases, kinetic energy increases.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

As a car slows down, its kinetic energy increases

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

A dump truck, a sports car, and a bicycle are traveling at the same velocity. Which is true?

• They all have the same kinetic energy.

• The sports car has the most kinetic energy.

• The bicycle has the least kinetic energy.

• More information is needed to compare their kinetic energy.

Multiple Choice

Which has kinetic energy?

• A tank of gasoline

• A moving car

• A battery

• Water in a reservoir

Multiple Choice

Which indicates what happens to the kinetic energy when the mass of a moving object increases?

• The kinetic energy does not change.

• The kinetic energy increases by the same factor as the mass increase.

• The kinetic energy increases by the square of the same factor as the mass increase.

• The kinetic energy decreases by the same factor as the mass increase.

Multiple Choice

If the mass of an object is increased by a factor of 4, Kinetic energy increases by a factor of __________

• 7

• 6

• 5

• 4

Multiple Choice

If the mass of an object is decreased by a factor of 1/2, Kinetic energy decreases by a factor of __________

• 1/2

• 1/3

• 1/4

• 1/7