ACP Review

Match

Match the following vocabulary words to their definition.

• Runoff

• Surface Water

• Pollution

• Aquifer

• Water table

Water that flows over the land surface

Water that is on the Earth's surface such as in a river, lake, or wetland

The presence or introduction into the environment of a substance or thing that has harmful or poisonous effects

An underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock

The upper surface of underground water; the upper boundary of the zone of saturation

• Water that flows over the land surface

• Water that is on the Earth's surface such as in a river, lake, or wetland

• The presence or introduction into the environment of a substance or thing that has harmful or poisonous effects

• An underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock

• The upper surface of underground water; the upper boundary of the zone of saturation

Multiple Choice

How do most pollutants get into our watershed?

• Factories dump pollution into creeks and rivers

• Runoff from heavy rain carries it into creeks and rivers

• Oil spills leak into creeks and rivers

Multiple Choice

Pet owners should pick up pet waste instead of leaving it on the ground. How can this help protect our watershed?

• It reduces the bacteria and nutrients that get into our water

• It keeps the water from getting muddy

• It helps the water smell clean

Multiple Choice

Excess nutrients in the water can be harmful, because they lead to -

• High levels of sediment in the water

• Pathogenic (disease causing) bacteria in the water

• Algae blooms and low oxygen levels in the water

Multiple Choice

How could liquid pollution on the surface often end up polluting the groundwater deep underground?

• It can percolate through the soil and reach the groundwater

• Strong winds can blow it into the cracks of rocks

• It can enter the water cycle and go into caves

Multiple Choice

Fertilizer can seep through the ground to reach groundwater, what effect can it have?

• Fertilizer can cause groundwater to reverse flow

• Fertilizer can cause groundwater to freeze

• Fertilizer can cause groundwater to become undrinkable

• It will seep into the school

Multiple Choice

What is all the water that runs off the surface of the land and washes into rivers, streams, and other waterways called?

• Runoff
• Storm Drain
• Surface Water
• Tributary

Multiple Choice

What occurs when used engine oil is poured into the pit in the ground?

• The oil remains sealed in the small disposal pit and does not affect the groundwater.

• The oil seeps through the soil until it leaks into the groundwater

• The oil seeps through the soil but stops before it reaches the groundwater

• The oil creates a barrier in Mrs. Dyess' room

Multiple Choice

Runoff from agricultural land carries chemicals from fertilizers that collect in a lake. The buildup of chemicals can eventually cause--

• aquatic life, such as fish and turtles, to die from lack of oxygen

• excess water to fill the aquifer

• river tributaries to reroute, changing the flow of waterways

• rainfall levels to drop

Multiple Choice

What is an example of an area that is likely to undergo primary succession?

• Glaciers melt and leave exposed rock

• Plants die from drought and decompose

• Land is bulldozed and soil remains

Multiple Choice

After a volcanic eruption, volcanic rock is present (but no soil). Which of the following states the most likely order of succession that would be seen?

• Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees

• Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses

• Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees

• Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees

Multiple Choice

Natural disasters such as flooding and tornadoes are linked to ________________.

• primary
• secondary
• old field
• ecosystem

Multiple Choice

What is the most important function of pioneer species?

• To create rocks
• To create soil and add nutrients to the environment 
• To look nice
• Food for animals 

Multiple Choice

As ecological succession progresses, a pioneer community gradually changes into a climax community. What typically happens during this process?

• The number of species increases

• The number of species decreases

• The organisms in an area decrease in size

• The organisms in an area can no longer find food

Multiple Choice

What particular region in the solar system having just the right amount of energy received to make the temperature of a planet neither too hot nor too cold?

• Cinderella Zone

• Goldilocks Zone

• Pocahontas Zone

• Three Bear Zone

Multiple Choice

Scientists are constantly exploring the universe, looking for new planets that support life similar to the life on Earth. A new planet that supports life would be expected to have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT -

• A gaseous atmosphere

• an orbiting moon

• liquid water

• protected from radiation

Multiple Choice

How does atmosphere affect the ability of Earth to support life?

• Atmosphere intensifies gravity.

• Atmosphere produces nutrients.

• Atmosphere protects Earth from radiation.

• Atmosphere affects biological processes.

Multiple Choice

The graph above illustrates the most abundant gases found on Mars. Which gas would need to dramatically increase in abundance to allow for life to exist on Mars?

• Carbon Dioxide

• Carbon Monoxide

• Oxygen

• Argon

Multiple Choice

Look at the diagram above, which of the following would be the best planet to observe for life?

• E

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

All of the following are ways that atmosphere makes the existence of life on Earth possible except-

• Maintains a constant temperature of 200 degrees.

• Releases nutrients into soil from decaying animals.

• Offers protection from radiation.

• Allows for gas exchange between plants and animals.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following correctly shows how energy flows through a food chain?

• Sun --> carnivores --> producers --> herbivores

• Sun --> producers --> herbiovres --> carnivores

• Sun --> herbivores --> carniviores --> herbivores

• Sun --> producers --> carnivores --> herbivores

Multiple Choice

Which organism in this food chain gets its energy, indirectly, from prairie grass?

• Squirrel

• Mountain Lion

• Robin

• Eagle

Multiple Choice

Which organism in this food chain gets its energy, directly, from prairie grass?

• Squirrel

• Mountain Lion

• Deer

• Eagle

Multiple Choice

Which organism in the food chain is a primary consumer?

• Beetle

• Plant

• Catfish

• Hawk

Multiple Choice

Which of the following could possibly increase the total amount of energy the catfish population receives within its food chain?

• An increase in the number of beetles

• An increase in the number of hawks

• A decrease in the number of plants

• A decrease in the number of hawks

Multiple Choice

A reduction in deer population will have the effect in the amount of energy this ecosystem is able to provide for which of the following organisms?

• Rabbit

• Mountain Lion

• Mouse

• Hawk

Multiple Choice

The diagram represents different levels of a marine food pyramid. Between which two levels is the greatest amount of energy transferred

• R and Q

• S and R

• T and S

• U and T

Multiple Choice

Several owls live in a forest. The owls and hawks both prey on mice. Which might happen if several hawks move to the forest where the owls live?

• The number of owls will increase, and the number of hawks will decrease.

• The number of mice will increase, and the number of owls will decrease.

• The number of owls and hawks will increase.

• The number of owls and mice will decrease.

Multiple Choice

If the RABBITS became diseased, which organisms would also be NEGATIVELY affected?

• Grass and hawks

• Grass and snakes

• Grass, snakes, and hawks

• Snakes and hawks

Multiple Choice

What is the effect of removing prey from a food chain?

• All predators above them will die or suffer.

• The prey's predator will die or suffer, but everybody else should be fine.

• The prey will always, eventually, come back

• The predators population will grow

Multiple Choice

What is natural selection?

• process in which helpful traits become more common over time

• a trait that helps an organism survive better

Multiple Choice

A species could go extinct if:

• food becomes more plentiful.

• members of the species have adaptations to enhance survival.

• the environment changes drastically and no one can adapt.

• there is less competition for resources.

Multiple Choice

What is most likely to happen to moth populations in the picture shown?

• Light moths--hunted easily, dark moths--population increase

• Dark moths--hunted easily, dark moths--population increase

• Light moths--hunted easily, light moths--population increase

• Lights moths will change their color to match dark moths.

Multiple Choice

Due to pollution, a pond becomes darker over time. Which trait variation became more common?

• light fish

• dark fish

Multiple Choice

What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?

• To look different from other species.
• To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.
• To protect itself against predators.
• To protect itself against prey.

Multiple Choice

The struggle for existence against other members of an organisms species is

• Competition
• Natural Selection
• gene flow
• genetic drift

Multiple Choice

"Survival of the fittest" describes which theory

• Natural selection

• Selective breeding

Multiple Choice

Which is an example of selective breeding?

• A giraffe's long neck.

• Clipping a horse's tail so it's not too long.

• Training a horse to run faster.

• Cross breeding a labrador retriever with a poodle .

Multiple Choice

The differences among a species, like different bird beaks, are called

• genes

• variations

• traits

• alleles

Multiple Choice

Which organisms are most likely to survive?

• The strongest

• The best adapted

• The fittest

• The most athletic

Multiple Choice

Which statement best describes natural selection?

• A lion eating another animal.

• A farmer selecting the cows that will breed.

• A dog breeder.

• A botanist creating a new colored flower.

Multiple Choice

Over time, honey suckle flowers develop a sweet smell to attract pollinators. This is an example of

• selective breeding

• extinction

• natural selection

• evolution

Multiple Choice

Domesticated dogs are an example of:

• Natural Selection
• Selective Breeding

Multiple Choice

This adaptation allows birds to fly longer distances

• Heavy, thick bones

• Hollow Bones

• Large beaks

• Small nose

Multiple Choice

Why do some birds and butterflies migrate?

• To visit their cousins

• Because of weather changes and food supply

• There isn't a reason, they just do it

• For a family vacation in warmer areas

Multiple Choice

The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface.

• Weathering

• Erosion

• Deposition

• Exfoliation

Multiple Choice

The process by which rock and soil are moved from one place to another is called-

• Chemical weatherin

• Erosion

• Mechanical weathering

• Deosition

Multiple Choice

_____________ is the dropping off/ depositing of rocks.

• Metamorphosis

• Deposition

• Weathering

• Erosion

Multiple Choice

Rain WASHING AWAY soil from a hillside

• Weathering

• Erosion

• Deposition

Multiple Choice

Erosion will probably happen the fastest in which of the following situations?

• A steep riverbank on a calm day.

• A steep riverbank in a violent hurricane.

• A shallow riverbank on a calm day.

• A shallow riverbank in a hurricane.

Multiple Choice

Which has a positive charge?

• neutron

• electron

• tron

• proton

Multiple Choice

The sum of protons and neutrons around the nucleus

• atomic number

• mass number

• average atomic mass

• mass amount

Multiple Choice

What atomic particle determines the element?

• protons

• neutrons

• electrons

• nucleus

Multiple Choice

Challenge: what is the mass of an atom with 2 protons, 2 neutrons, and 2 electrons?

• mass = 2

• mass = 4

• mass = 6

• mass = 8

Multiple Choice

A proton has what charge?

• Positive

• Negative

• It has no charge (it is neutral)

Multiple Choice

An electron has what charge?

• Positive

• Negative

• It has no charge (it is neutral)

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic # of iron?

• 55

• 56

• 26

• 2

Multiple Choice

How many neutrons are in magnesium?

• 12

• 24

• 25

• 36

Multiple Choice

How many neutrons does beryllium have?

• 4

• 5

• 9

• 13

Multiple Choice

How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?

• It's the same as the atomic #

• It's the same as the mass number

• Subtract the atomic # from the mass number

• Add the mass number and the atomic #

Multiple Choice

One of the most effective ways to prevent soil erosion is to -

• Cover bare soil with concrete or bricks

• Spray fertilizer on the soil

• Plant grasses, shrubs, and trees in areas of bare soil

Multiple Choice

What catastrophic event results in destruction along a narrow path?

• a volcanic eruption
• a tsunami
• a hurricane
• a tornado

Multiple Choice

Which of these is not an impact to the ecosystem after a hurricane?

• Fires throughout the area
• Poor water quality in the area
• Erosion of beaches
• Massive flooding

Multiple Choice

A recent flood in the area has caused many short term changes to the ecosystem. Which is a long term change?

• Standing water in the streets and sewers
• Temporary displacement of organisms
• Permanent change in the landscape
• Poor water quality in rivers and streams

Multiple Choice

Where do hurricanes form?

• In a river or stream
• Over the ocean
• At plate boundaries
• Under the Earth

Multiple Choice

Which catastrophic event would likely result in trees being knocked over and the disappearance of most plants and animals along a narrow path in a forest ecosystem?

• Tornado
• Volcanic Eruption
• Flash Flood
• Earthquake

Categorize

Options (13)

semiconductor

good conductor

insulator

Al

Na

malleable

ductile

H

He

B

dull

have luster

Si

Determine if the following are examples or characteristics of metals, nonmetals, or metalloids.

metalloids

metals

nonmetals

Multiple Choice

The higher the biodiversity, the more sustainable an ecosystem is.

• True
• False

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a benefit of a flooded river?

• Burial and uprooting of plants

• Deposition of nutrients in the surrounding soil

• Removal of leaves from tall trees

• Increased formation of habitats for organisms

Multiple Choice

Which of the following correctly matches the catastrophic event with its impact?

• Heavy flooding increases the number of species in an area.

• A tornado causes seawater to move onto the coast.

• A hurricane increases erosion and makes a beach smaller.

• A wildfire increases the number of habitats for organisms.

Multiple Choice

When elements are in the same ROW they are all in the same-

• Chemical Symbol

• Period

• Family

Multiple Choice

When elements are in the same COLUMN they are all in the same-

• Chemical Symbol

• Period

• Family

Multiple Choice

What does the atomic number tell us about an element?

• number of neutrons

• number of protons

• number of isotopes

• atomic mass

Multiple Choice

Using this section of the periodic table, how many protons does an atom of Calcium have?

• 20

• 40.078

• 24

• 132.905

Multiple Choice

Noble gasses are the _________ reactive family on the Periodic Table.

• Least

• Most

Multiple Choice

Elements in the same ________ have the most similar chemical reactivity.

• Chemical Symbol

• Period

• Family

Multiple Choice

What is the name of group 1A on the Periodic Table?

• alkali metals

• alkaline earth metals

• noble gases

• halogens

• transition metals

Multiple Choice

Which group has the most reactive nonmetals?

• alkali metals

• noble gases

• alkaline earth metals

• halogens

Multiple Choice

What are the horizontal rows on the Periodic Table known as?

• groups/families

• towers

• periods

• cells

Multiple Choice

Based on its location on the Periodic Table, which of these elements most likely has physical and chemical properties most similar to boron (B)?

• magnesium (Mg)

• aluminum (Al)

• neon (Ne)

• chlorine (Cl)

Multiple Choice

Which elements have the most similar chemical properties?

• K and Na

• Na and Mg

• Ca and Br

• O and F

Multiple Choice

What are the majority of elements on the periodic table?

• Nonmetals

• Metals

• Metalloids

Multiple Choice

How many valence electrons does an alkaline earth metal have? 

• 1
• 2
• 7
• 8

Multiple Choice

How many valence electrons does a halogen have? 

• 1
• 2
• 7
• 8

Multiple Choice

Which is an alkaline earth metal?

• Calcium
• Rubidium
• Carbon
• Iodine

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT an example of a chemical change?

• burning match
• a car rusting
• baking a cake
• melting ice

Multiple Choice

Which shows evidence that a chemical change has occurred?

• slicing potato
• apple/potato turns brown
• biting apple
• peeling apple/potato

Multiple Choice

Four students performed four different investigations by combining different substances. Their results are shown in the table provided. In which experiment are new substances being formed?

• Experiment 1
• Experiment 2
• Experiment 3
• Experiment 4

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example that includes evidence of a chemical reaction?

• A sample of zinc is placed in water and it settles to the bottom
• A solid block of ice is heated and it completely melts into a liquid. 
• Sugar that is burned gives off an odor and turns brown and then black.
• A tomato is placed into a blender and chopped up into smaller pieces.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a sign that a chemical reaction has occurred?

• change in shape
• melting
• formation of a gas
• dissolving

Multiple Choice

A change in the size, shape, or state of matter.

• chemical change
• physical change
• chemical reaction
• electron change

Multiple Choice

A student mixes two clear liquids together. After a few minutes, a white powdery solid can be seen settling on the bottom of the test tube. Which of the following is a conclusion that the student can draw based on these observations? The two clear liquids-

• were pure substances before they were mixed

• are toxic and should be handled with extreme caution

• have gone through a chemical change in which a new substance called a precipitate was produced

• have been stored too long and are no longer good

Multiple Choice

When two liquids are mixed and a solid forms as a result of a reaction, the solid is called a

• participant

• percipitate

• polypeptide

• precipitate

Multiple Choice

During a science experiment, John added salt to a glass of water. The salt dissolved in the water. After a few seconds, the water became quite warm and then turned bright red in color. Indications that a chemical change was taking place could be observed when –

• John added salt to the water.

• The salt dissolved in the water leaving only the water visible

• There are no indications of chemical change

• The temperature of the water increased and an unexpected color change occurred.

Multiple Choice

A 500-gram block of solid cheese is melted in a pot. Which is most likely the mass of the cheese after it is melted?

• 500 grams, because the cheese does not gain or lose mass just because it was melted
• 499 grams, because some of the cheese evaporates as it melts
• 502 grams, because the cheese absorbs heat as it melts

Multiple Choice

Why does this picture demonstrate the Law of Conservation of Mass?

• the number of atoms of each element are the same on both sides

• they start out separate and end up combined

• the same elements are used

• it doesn't demonstrate the Law of Conservation of Mass

Multiple Choice

What are the starting materials in a reaction?

• product

• subscript

• coefficient

• reactants

Multiple Choice

Does the image correctly represent the Law of Conservation of Mass?

• yes

• no

Multiple Select

Select the equations that follow the Law of Conservation of Mass meaning the equation is balanced.

• H₂ + O₂ --> H₂O₂

• CO₂ --> Fe₂O₃

• Na Cl₂ --> 2NaCl

• Na₂ + 3H₂ --> 2NH₃

Multiple Choice

Which of the models of a chemical reaction best represents the Law of Conservation of Mass?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

How many atoms of carbon (C) are in C₆H₁₂O₆?

• 3
• 6
• 12
• 24

Multiple Choice

How many O's are in Al₂(SO₄)₃

• 4
• 12
• 7
• 24

Multiple Choice

Number of H in 3(NH₄)₂CrO₄

• 4
• 2
• 8
• 24

Multiple Choice

Which of the following reactions is balanced?

• 2CH₄ + O₂ -> CO₂ + H₂O
• CH₄ + 2O₂ -> CO₂ + H₂O
• CH₄ + 2O₂ -> CO₂ + 2H₂O
• None of the chemical equations are balanced.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following shows the correct way to balance the chemical equation?
Fe + O₂ -> Fe₂O₃

• 4Fe + 3O₂ -> 2Fe₂O₃
• 2 Fe + 3O₂ -> Fe₂O₆
• 4 Fe + O₆ -> 2Fe₂O₃
• None of the options are correctly balanced.

Multiple Choice

What does the Law of Conservation of Mass state?

• Matter cannot be gained or lost in a chemical reaction.
• Matter can only be lost in a chemical reaction.
• Matter can only be gained in a chemical reaction.
• Matter can be gained and lost in a chemical reaction. 

Multiple Choice

What is the left part of a chemical equation called?
2H_{2 +} O₂ --> 2H₂O

• Reactants
• Products 
• Yields 
• Chemical Equation 

Multiple Choice

What is the right part of a chemical equation called...
2H_{2 +} O₂ --> 2H₂O

• Reactants
• Products 
• Yields 
• Chemical Equation 

Multiple Choice

What is the total number of atoms present in 5Na₃PO₄?

• 5
• 40
• 55
• 8