Day 3, ACP

Multiple Choice

The sequence of nitrogenous bases in DNA varies widely. The sequence of the bases in DNA is most important for which of the following?

• Providing the instructions for the traits of an organism

• Preventing mutations from occurring during DNA replication

• Allowing the DNA to have the shape necessary for replication

• Helping form the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA molecules

Hotspot

Identify the DNA backbone

​transcription

​translation

Match

Match the stage of protein synthesis with the correct image

transcription

translation

transcription

transcription

• transcription

• translation

• transcription

• transcription

Multiple Choice

A diagram of DNA undergoing processes is shown.

The process that is labeled with an ‘A’ is —

• replication, which is the formation of new alleles

• translation, which is the process that converts mRNA into protein

• transcription, which is the process of copying a sequence of DNA to RNA

• recombination, which ensures that each cell has one complete set of instructions

​Find a protein that can be
synthesized with this
DNA sequence

3'ATT CGT 5'

Multiple Choice

Which of the following DNA mutations involves the substitution of one nucleotide base with another?

• Deletion mutation

• Insertion mutation

• Point mutation

• Frame-shift mutation

Multiple Choice

Which statements explain how a mutation in a somatic cell is different from a mutation that occurs in gametes?

• Somatic cell mutations occur in cells that give rise to gametes. Gamete mutations occur in cells that result in apoptosis.

• Somatic cell mutations are maintained in the gene pool. Gamete mutations are expelled from the gene pool.

• Somatic cell mutations are generally not passed to offspring. Gamete mutations are usually passed to offspring.

• Somatic cell mutations will not be expressed by the individual that contains the mutation. Gamete mutations will be expressed by the individual.

Multiple Choice

Sickle-shaped red blood cells result from a mutation in the gene that codes for hemoglobin. This mutation results in sickle-cell anemia. A partial sequence of bases from a normal hemoglobin gene and a sequence that results in sickle-cell anemia are shown below. What type of mutation is depicted in this sequence?

• Substitution

• Insertion

• Deletion

• Frameshift

​This occurs during
DNA transcription

Multiple Choice

Which of the following processes is a key step in gene expression?

• DNA replication

• RNA splicing

• Protein folding

• DNA transcription

Multiple Choice

The arctic fox inhabits northern areas of North America. The same arctic fox is shown in the drawing at different times of the year. What causes this change in fur color?

• The alleles for fur color change as the arctic fox grows older.

• Gene expression for fur color is regulated by latitude.

• The arctic fox has two traits for fur color that are determined at birth.

• Gene expression for fur color is regulated by temperature.