Biology Interim Review Fall 23

Multiple Select

Based on the food web, what two organisms does the snake eat?

• Hawk

• Bird

• Frog

• Owl

Reorder

In an marine food web, seals, which feed on birds, fish, and squid, are carnivores. Plankton are autotrophs that feed krill and decopods. Krill are eaten by birds and fish, and decopods are eaten by squid and fish. Based on the food web description provided, create a food chain of the following organisms to accurately represents the flow of energy in this ecosystem.

• phytoplankton

• krill

• fish

• seals

1

2

3

4

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

What would be the safest way to reduce the impact of a non-native species while minimizing the impact on other organisms?

• Introducing more non-native species to compete with the existing non-native species
• Using chemical pesticides to eliminate the non-native species
• Removing all organisms from the ecosystem to eliminate the non-native species
• Introducing a native species that will prey on the non-native one.

Multiple Choice

How much energy is available to be passed on to the next trophic level in an ecosystem?

• 100%
• 10%
• 50%
• 75%

Multiple Choice

In this energy pyramid, which organisms have the most energy available?

• Producers

• Carnivores

• Herbivores

• Top Predator

Multiple Select

Which of the following would be considered density-dependent limiting factors? Select all that apply.

• Seasonal changes

• Overcrowding

• A tornado

• Competition between organisms

Multiple Choice

What does the yellow line represent?

• exponential growth

• logistic growth

• carrying capacity

• none of the above

Multiple Choice

Based on the information in the graph, what conclusion can be drawn about the time period between 1955 and 2000?

• The rabbit population had few factors and the ecosystem is beyond it's carrying capacity.

• The rabbit population had many limiting factors and the ecosystem is beyond it's carrying capacity.

• The rabbit population had many limiting factors and the ecosystem had not yet reached its carrying capacity.

• The rabbit population had few limiting factors and the ecosystem had not yet reached its carrying capacity.

Multiple Choice

Wolves specialize in cooperative game hunting. In the 1920s, wolves were removed from Yellow Stone Park. The 75-year absence of gray wolves in Yellowstone led to declines in biodiversity, and habitat quality, all of which is gradually returning upon wolf reintroduction. What role does the wolf play in the ecosystem?

• Niche species

• Keystone species

• Invasive species

• Producer

Multiple Choice

How do plants and animals obtain nitrogen?

• Bacteria in the soil convert nitrogen from the air into a form that plants can use, and animals get nitrogen by eating the plants.

• Plants obtain nitrogen from the sun through photosynthesis, while animals obtain nitrogen by consuming plants or other animals.
• Plants obtain nitrogen from the water through their roots, while animals obtain nitrogen by consuming plants or other animals.
• Plants obtain nitrogen from the air through their leaves, while animals obtain nitrogen by consuming plants or other animals.

Multiple Choice

Why is the phosphorus cycle least affected by atmospheric changes?

• Phosphorus does not exist in a gaseous form and does not undergo significant atmospheric reactions.
• Phosphorus is not affected by changes in temperature or pressure.
• Phosphorus is not essential for atmospheric processes.
• Phosphorus is not influenced by the presence of other gases in the atmosphere.

Multiple Choice

Farmers use fertilizer to make their crops grow larger and fast. What effect on the ecosystem can fertilizer have on groundwater?

• Improvement in water quality
• Water pollution and harm to aquatic ecosystems
• Increase in biodiversity
• Enhancement of aquatic habitats

Multiple Choice

The main human activity that releases greenhouse gases is

• using public transportation and there by reduce the affects of greenhouse gases.

• burning fossil fuels

• texting on cellphones

• eating meat

Multiple Choice

What can be done to reduce greenhouse gases?

• Cut down trees

• use less fossil fuels and take public transit.

• drive more

Multiple Choice

Major geological events and sudden changes in climate can cause the extinction of organisms in an area, which creates vacancies in ecological niches. What happens with these vacancies?

• The vacancies are filled by random species that have no relation to the changed conditions.
• Other organisms will adapt, evolve, and compete to fill the niches.

• The existing species adapt to fill the vacancies.
• They remain vacant forever, leading to a decrease in biodiversity.

Multiple Select

Which explanations accurately describe how cell structures interact in order to maintain

homeostasis?

• The cell wall and vacuole function to maintain the structure of plant cells.

• Molecules can enter the cell by passing through the cell membrane and may take part in chemical reactions within the cytoplasm.

• The smooth er contains ribosomes for making proteins.

• The mitochondria is vital for storing energy.

• The rough er and the golgi body produce lipids.

Dropdown

A volcanic eruption wiped out the forests and wildlife. Months after the initial disturbance, the ash and rock surface began to undergo ​

Select answer

succession with the appearance of ​

Select answer

.

Multiple Choice

How does fire help maintain the stability of an ecosystem?

• By causing destruction and reducing biodiversity.
• By increasing pollution and harming wildlife.
• By disrupting the food chain and causing imbalance in the ecosystem.
• By clearing out excessive vegetation which maintains the habitat for animals.

Multiple Choice

How does direct sunlight impact the rate of photosynthesis?

• Direct sunlight decreases the rate of photosynthesis.
• Direct sunlight has no impact on the rate of photosynthesis.
• Direct sunlight increases the rate of photosynthesis.
• Direct sunlight stops the process of photosynthesis.

Multiple Choice

During photosynthesis, how is the light energy that strikes the cell transformed into the chemical energy stored in sugars?

• Energy is transferred to sugars through

  intermediates, such as H2O and O2.

• Energy is transferred to sugars through

  intermediates, such as and CO2.

• Energy is transferred to sugars through

  intermediates, such as ATP and NADPH.

• Energy is transferred directly to sugars without the use of intermediates.

Multiple Choice

Plants with small leaves are better adapted to survive long periods with little

water and why?

• Plants with small leaves have a higher water storage capacity
• Plants with small leaves have a higher rate of transpiration
• Plants with small leaves have a higher rate of photosynthesis
• Smaller surface area therefore it loses less water through

  transpiration.

Multiple Choice

If the smooth er was damaged, what homeostatic process do you predict would be most affected and why?

• Protein synthesis will not take place.

• Lipids will not be created which are used to form the cell membrane.

• Cellular respiration will no longer take place.

Match

Match the macromolecule to it's correct function.

• Carbohydrate

• Lipid

• Protein

• Nucleic Acid

Quick energy

Long term energy

Build and repair muscle

Store and transmit genetic information

• Quick energy

• Long term energy

• Build and repair muscle

• Store and transmit genetic information

Multiple Choice

Which macromolecule would be best to repel water from the surface of your car?

• Lipids because their

  nonpolar nature makes them insoluble in water.

• Cellulose because it provides structural support.

• Water-soluble protein because it dissolves the water.

• Hydrophilic polymer because it adheres to the car.

Multiple Choice

Where do substrates bind on an enzyme?

• voltage-gated channels
• surface receptor
• calcium channels
• active site

Multiple Choice

Enzymes act on many different substrates

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is MOST LIKELY the main function of this enzyme?

• Regulating gene expression
• To speed up the rate at which proteins are

  digested

• Transporting molecules across cell membranes
• To control the movement of materials through the digestive tract

Multiple Choice

Which best describes which directions molecules move during diffusion?

• from an area of equilibrium to an area of high concentration

• from an area of equilibrium to an area of low concentration

• from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration

• from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Multiple Choice

The picture below is an example of _________________.

• osmosis
• isotonic
• diffusion
• active transport

Multiple Choice

The movement of gas particles across the cell membrane is an example of which type of transport?

• Osmosis

• Endocytosis

• Diffusion

Multiple Choice

During osmosis

• water moves from high to low concentration
• large or oddly shaped molecules move across a cell membrane
• water moves when energy is used
• proteins are built

Multiple Choice

In which osmotic state does the cell shrink?

• hypertonic

• isotonic

• hypotonic

Multiple Choice

In which osmotic state does the cell look normal?

• hypertonic

• isotonic

• hypotonic

Multiple Choice

During which osmotic state does the cell swell and get bigger?

• Hypertonic

• Isotonic

• Hypotonic

Multiple Choice

In a hypotonic solution, where is most of the water?

• inside the cell

• outside of the cell

Multiple Choice

In a hypertonic solution, where is most of the water?

• inside the cell

• outside of the cell

Multiple Choice

If a cell is placed in a HYPERTONIC solution, water will move _________ of the cell, causing it to ___________.

• into, swell
• out of, shrivel
• in and out of the cell, stay the same

Multiple Choice

Which one is the definition of active transport?

• movement of particles through the cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration using energy in the form of ATP.

• passage of water molecules from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration through a partially permeable membrane

• net movement of molecule from a region of higher concentration to region of lower concentration. Molecule down a concentration gradient

• net movement of molecule from a region of lower concentration to region of higher concentration. Molecule down a concentration gradient