EMT Chapter 26 Quiz

​A fractured femur can result in the loss of ______ or more of blood into the soft tissues of the thigh.

Select one:

A. 2 L

B. 250 mL

C. 1 L

D. 500 mL

Question 2

An organ or tissue might better resist damage from hypoperfusion if the:

Select one:

A. heart rate is maintained at more than 100 beats/min.

B. body’s demand for oxygen is markedly increased.

C. body’s temperature is considerably less than 98.6°F (37.0°C).

D. systolic arterial blood pressure is at least 60 mm Hg.

Question 3

Bleeding from the nose following head trauma:

Select one:

A. should be controlled by packing the nostril with gauze.

B. should be assumed to be caused by a fractured septum.

C. is a sign of a skull fracture and should not be stopped.

D. is usually due to hypertension caused by the head injury.

Question 4

Capillaries link the arterioles and the:

Select one:

A. veins.

B. venules.

C. aorta.

D. cells.

Question 5

Early signs and symptoms of intra-abdominal bleeding include:

Select one:

A. pain and distention.

B. significant hypotension.

C. bruising only.

D. widespread ecchymosis.

Question 6

External bleeding from a vein is relatively easy to control because:

Select one:

A. blood typically oozes from a vein.

B. veins are under a lower pressure.

C. veins carry deoxygenated blood.

D. veins hold smaller blood volume.

Question 7

Gastrointestinal bleeding should be suspected if a patient presents with:

Select one:

A. hematemesis.

B. dyspnea.

C. hematuria.

D. hemoptysis.

Question 8

Hypoperfusion is another name for:

Select one:

A. cyanosis.

B. cellular death.

C. hypoxemia.

D. shock.

Question 9

Hypovolemic shock occurs when:

Select one:

A. the patient’s systolic BP is less than 100 mm Hg.

B. at least 10% of the patient’s blood volume is lost.

C. low fluid volume leads to inadequate perfusion.

D. the clotting ability of the blood is enhanced.

Question 10

In nontrauma patients, an early indicator of internal bleeding is:

Select one:

A. dizziness upon standing.

B. rapid, shallow breathing.

C. a rapid, thready pulse.

D. a decreasing blood pressure.

Question 11

In older patients, the first indicator of nontraumatic internal bleeding might be:

Select one:

A. weakness or dizziness.

B. diaphoresis and pale skin.

C. a heart rate over 120 beats/min.

D. a low blood pressure.

Question 12

Internal bleeding into a fractured extremity is most often controlled by:

Select one:

A. applying a tourniquet.

B. applying chemical ice pack.

C. splinting the extremity.

D. keeping the patient warm.

Question 13

Most cases of external bleeding from an extremity can be controlled by:

Select one:

A. applying local direct pressure.

B. packing the wound with gauze.

C. elevating the injured extremity.

D. compressing a pressure point.

Question 14

Perfusion is most accurately defined as the:

Select one:

A. ability of the systemic arteries to constrict as needed to maintain an adequate blood pressure.

B. circulation of blood within an organ in adequate amounts to meet the body’s metabolic needs.

C. effective removal of carbon dioxide and other metabolic waste products from the body’s cells.

D. effective transfer of oxygen from the venules across the systemic capillary membrane walls.

Question 15

Significant vital sign changes will occur if the typical adult acutely loses more than ______ of his or her total blood

volume.

Select one:

A. 10%

B. 20%

C. 5%

D. 15%

Question 16

The ability of a person’s cardiovascular system to compensate for blood loss is most related to:

Select one:

A. how rapidly he or she bleeds.

B. the part of the body injured.

C. his or her baseline blood pressure.

D. how fast his or her heart beats.

Question 17

The severity of bleeding should be based on all of the following findings, except:

Select one:

A. systolic blood pressure.

B. the mechanism of injury.

C. poor general appearance.

D. clinical signs and symptoms.

Question 18

Which of the following body systems or components is the least critical for supplying and maintaining adequate

blood flow to the body?

Select one:

A. Adequate blood in the vasculature

B. An effectively pumping heart

C. The filtering of blood cells in the spleen

D. An intact system of blood vessels

Question 19

Which of the following organs can tolerate inadequate perfusion for two to three hours?

Select one:

A. Skeletal muscle

B. Heart

C. Kidneys

D. Brain

Question 20

Which of the following splinting devices would be most appropriate to use for a patient who has an open fracture of the forearm with external bleeding?

Select one:

A. Sling and swathe

B. Air splint

C. Vacuum splint

D. Cardboard splint