Muscle

•Epimysia blend into
strong, cord-like
tendons that attach
muscle to bone.
•Tendons are
composed of
fibrous connective
tissue.

1

Multiple Choice

Tendons are extensions of what connective tissue wrapping?

• Endomysium

• Perimysium

• Epimysium

• Circular
• Convergent
• Unipennate
• Parallel

(like the spaghetti)

• Bipennate
• Parallel

fusiform

• Multipennate

2

•Theorigin is the attachment to
the immovable (or less
movable) bone.
•The insertion is the attachment
to the movable bone.
•When a muscle contracts, the
insertion moves towards the
origin.

3

Multiple Choice

The _________ is the attachment to the immovable or less moveable bone.

• origin

• Insertion

• fixator

• synergist

Multiple Choice

The _________ is the attachment to the moveable bone.

• origin

• Insertion

• synergist

• fixator

Multiple Choice

When a muscle contracts, the
_________ moves towards the
__________.

• Origin, insertion

• insertion, origin
• origin, destination

Skeletal muscles are named based on many
different factors including:

•Direction of the Muscle Fibers
•Relative Size
•Location of the Muscle or its Origin & Insertion
•Number of Origins
•Shape
•Function or Action

4

• The gluteus maximus is the largest muscle of its group.

• There is also a gluteus minimus and a gluteus medius.

  • Maximus indicates that this muscle is the largest in the group

  • Minimus is the smallest

  • Medius is in between the other two muscles in size

  
  

5

•The biceps brachii
muscle is named for two features:

•Biceps refers to the
fact that it has two
origins

•Brachii refers to the
muscle being in the
brachial area

6

Multiple Choice

The muscle name triceps indicates that there are 3 ___________.

• Insertions

• muscles

• Origins

7

8

•Most body movements are the result of two or
more muscles acting together or against each
other.
•Whatever one muscle does, others can reverse.
•The prime mover oragonist is the muscle that
produces a particular movement.
•The antagonist produces the opposite effect on
the same bones.

9

• The biceps muscle is the prime mover or agonist when flexing the arm.

• The triceps is the antagonist.

• Roles reverse when the arm is extended.

• When a prime mover is active, its antagonist is stretched and relaxed
  

10

Multiple Choice

The muscle that
produces a particular movement.

• antagonist

• synergist

• Prime Mover

•Synergists are
muscles that help
stabilize a
movement.

•They either
produce the same
movement or
reduce undesirable
movements.

11

Multiple Choice

What does a synergist do?

• Assists the prime mover in a movement
• Has no effect on movement
• Inhibits the prime mover
• Causes muscle fatigue

Multiple Choice

When the prime mover is contracted the antagonist is

• Relaxed
• Inactive
• Strengthened
• Contracted

•Fixator muscles
stabilize the origin of
a prime mover

•For example, when
you bend over to
pick up something
heavy, fixators in the
trunk help you
maintain your
balance

12

Multiple Choice

What does a fixator muscle do?

• Provides energy for muscle contraction
• Causes movement at the joint
• Stabilizes the origin of the prime mover
• Regulates body temperature