The Periodic Table

The Periodic Table

Classifying Matter

• Elements: pure substances, on the Periodic Table

• Compounds: two or more elements; parts on the Periodic Table

• Mixtures: two or more substances MIXED; not on Periodic Table

Periodic Table

8.P.1.2 Explain how the physical properties of elements and their reactivity have been used to produce the current model of the Periodic Table of elements.

Multiple Select

Choose all the items that are elements.

• NaCl (table salt)

• Sulfur

• O₂

• Water

• Air

Multiple Select

Choose all of the items that are compounds.

• NaCl (table salt)

• Sulfur

• O₂

• Water

• Air

Multiple Select

Choose all of the items that are mixtures

• NaCl (table salt)

• Sulfur

• O₂

• water

• Air

Groups & Periods

• Groups: Columns; up & down, similar properties. ⬆️ ⬇️

• Periods: Rows; left to right; increasing atomic ➡️ ⬅️

Multiple Choice

Which element is similar to Li?

• Be

• K

Multiple Choice

Which element is similar to Mg?

• Ca

• B

Multiple Choice

Which element is similar to B?

• C

• Al

Multiple Choice

Which element is similar to F?

• Ne

• Cl

Multiple Choice

Which element is similar to He?

• H

• Ar

Reactivity

• ability of a substance to react

• decreases left ➡️ to right ⬅️

• Group 1 Alkali Metals are most reactive

• Group 18 Noble Gases are least reactive, inert

Multiple Choice

Which element is the least reactive?

• Li

• Ne

• B

• C

Multiple Choice

Which element is the least reactive?

• Mg

• Na

• C

• S

Multiple Choice

Which choice shows the elements in order from most reactive to least reactive. Sr, K, Cl, P

• Sr, K, Cl, P

• K, Cl, Sr, P

• K,P, Sr, Cl

• K, Sr, P, Cl

Multiple Choice

Which best describes the sequence of the elements in Period 5 of the periodic table?

• highly reactive gases, relatively nonreactive metals, metalloids, very nonreactive gases, nonreactive nonmetals

• highly reactive metals, relatively nonreactive metals, metalloids, reactive nonmetals, nonreactive gases

• nonreactive gases, metalloids, nonreactive metals, highly reactive metals, highly reactive gases

• nonreactive gases, nonreactive metals, highly reactive metals, metalloids,

  reactive nonmetals, reactive gases

Multiple Choice

Which group of the periodic table is composed of inert (not reactive) gases?

answer choices

• alkali metals

• alkaline earth metals

• halogens

• noble gases

Periodic Table Periods:

• Periods run in rows.

• Each period has the same number of electron shells. i.e. Hydrogen and Helium have 1 electron shell. Lithium and Boron have 2.

• This means each period has the same number of ENERGY LEVELS!

Multiple Choice

The horizontal row on the periodic table is called a

• group
• family
• period
• atomic number

Multiple Choice

What does the 1.00794 stand for?

• Hydrogen
• atomic number
• atomic mass
• atomic explosion

Multiple Choice

Groups run:

• up and down

• left to right

Multiple Choice

Which two elements share common characteristics based on the periodic table?

• Sodium and Magnesium

• Chlorine and Sulfur

• Argon and Neon

• Calcium and Bromine

Multiple Choice

How are the 3 elements in the picture organized on the periodic table?

• Niobium and cobalt have the same energy levels.

• Cobalt and scandium have the same energy levels.

• Cobalt and scandium have the same characteristics.

• Niobium and cobalt have the same characteristics.

Multiple Choice

How are the 3 elements in the picture organized on the periodic table?

• Niobium and cobalt have the same energy levels.

• Cobalt and scandium have the same energy levels.

• Cobalt and scandium have the same characteristics.

• Niobium and cobalt have the same characteristics.

Metals, Nonmetals, Metalloids

• Metals: ductile, malleable, luster, solids

• Metalloids: properties of metals & nonmetals

• Nonmetals: brittle & dull

Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals

• The periodic table is divided into 3 types of chemicals

• They are in alphabetical order: 1. Metal, 2. Metalloid, 3. Nonmetal

• Metals are the largest group

• Metalloids are the smallest group between metals and nonmetals.

Metals

• Metals are on the left side of the table.

• Characteristics include: malleable, ductile, shiny, and conductive (electricity and heat)

Metalloids

• Metalloids are on the stairstep between metals and nonmetals.

• Characteristics include: somewhat malleable, a little ductile, somewhat shiny, and conductive at high temperatures

Nonmetals

• Nonmetals are on the right side of the table.

• Dull, brittle, non-conductors

Multiple Choice

Students in Mrs. Clark's science class are investigating a substance that has the following properties

-shiny

-bends easily

-hard, not easily broken

Based on these properties how would you classify the substance?

• metal

• nonmetal

• metalloid

Multiple Choice

Metals are on the:

• Left side

• Right Side

• Stairstep

Multiple Choice

Metalloids are on the:

• Left side

• Right Side

• Stairstep

Multiple Choice

Nonmetals are on the:

• Left side

• Right Side

• Stairstep

Song