rocks and rock cycle

Rocks and Rock Cylce

Multiple Choice

The top layer of sediments in a sedimentary rocks is...

• The newest and youngest layer.
• The oldest layer.
• The only layer that is made from pebbles.
• The second layer of sediments.

Multiple Choice

If an igneous rock cools off slowly UNDERNEATH the Earth's surface, then its mineral crystals will be...

• Small mineral crystals that you can barely see.
• Large crystals that are easy to see.
• No crystals, it will have bits of plant and bones.
• No crystals, it will contain sand. 

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are associated with volcanoes?

• Sediments and soil
• Crystals and sand
• Magma and lava
• Mica and granite

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is technically not a sediment?

• Bits of sand
• Crushed pieces of bone
• Shells
• Tiny pieces of dried leaves

Multiple Choice

The way a mineral splits is called?

• hardness
• layers
• bands
• cleavage

Multiple Choice

A __________ is a natural, nonliving substance that makes up rocks. 

• Sedimentary rock
• Igneous Rock
• Mineral
• Sediment

Multiple Choice

How does an intrusive igneous rock form?

• The deep ocean cools and hardens the rock.
• The rock cools and hardens deep below Earth's surface.
• The rock cools on land after a volcano erupts.
• The air cools the rock on land when lava flows down a volcano.

Multiple Choice

The way a mineral reflects light describes which of the following?

• Cleavage
• Streak
• Luster
• Hardness

Multiple Choice

Which of the following words relates to sedimentary rocks?

• Magma
• Cement
• Luster
• Heat

Multiple Choice

What word describes a streak test?

• Fractured
• Powdered
• Scratched
• Liquid

Multiple Choice

"What is this rock

• granite

• quartzite

• coal

Multiple Choice

What rock is this

• Sandstone

• Marble

• obsidian

Multiple Choice

What rock is this?

• Sandstone

• Baslt

• Gneiss

Multiple Choice

What rock is this?

• Pumice

• Organic Limestone

• Phyllite

Multiple Choice

What rock is this?

• Granite

• Rock Salt

• Metacongolmerate

Multiple Choice

What rock is this?

• Granite

• Arkose

• Gneiss

Multiple Choice

What rock is this?

• Schist

• Coquina

• Obsidian

Multiple Choice

What rock is this?

• Conglomerate

• Scoria

• Slate

Multiple Choice

What rock is this?

• Granite

• Gypsum

• Anthosite coal

Multiple Choice

What rock is this

• Shale

• Quartzite

• Gabbro

Multiple Choice

What rock is this?

• Limestone

• Anthosite Coal

• Scoria

Multiple Choice

What rock is this?

• Gypsum

• Diorite

• Quartzite

Multiple Choice

What rock is this?

• Scoria

• Chert

• ooleck Limestone

Multiple Choice

What rock is this?

• Basalt

• Gneiss

• Sandstone

Multiple Choice

What rock is this?

• Quarzite

• Granite

• Breccia

Multiple Choice

What rock is this?

• Marble

• Pumice

• Shale

Multiple Choice

What rock is this?

• Obsidian

• Arkose

• Schist

Multiple Choice

What rock is this?

• Phyllite

• Organic Limestone

• Rhyolite

Multiple Choice

What rock is this?

• Schist

• Basalt

• Chert

Multiple Choice

What rock is this?

• Diorite

• Breccia

• Coquina

Multiple Choice

"Splotchy" most likely refers to a mineral's:

• color

• hardness

• streak

• luster

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the least important property of a mineral?

• streak

• hardness

• luster

• color

Multiple Choice

A mineral is described as "metallic." This description refers to its:

• color

• hardness

• luster

• streak

Multiple Choice

The hardest mineral is:

• feldspar

• gypsum

• diamond

• talc

Multiple Choice

The Mohs scale is used to measure:

• streak

• cleavage

• hardness

• luster

Multiple Choice

A mineral can be scratched by quartz. Its hardness is:

• greater than 7

• equal to or less than 7

• less than 7

• equal to 7

Multiple Choice

Cleavage refers to the way a rock:

• shines

• breaks

• streaks

• is made

Multiple Choice

Which sedimentary rock has a fine-grained texture?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

The name rock is given when it is broken down into smaller pieces.

• texture
• weathering
• sediment
• erosion

Multiple Choice

True or False: Once a rock is sedimentary, it cannot become an igneous rock.

• True
• False

Multiple Choice

Rocks and sediment change as they move through the rock cycle. Which change involves turning into melting?

• Lava to rock

• magma to lava

• rock to magma

• rock to sediment

Multiple Choice

Foliations occur in metamorphic rocks perpendicular to the direction of applied pressure.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Metamorphic rocks that don't fully melt when touching magma go through ___.

• regional metamorphism

• contact metamorphism

• crystallization

• lithification

Multiple Choice

Norman Bowen was a geoscientist from

• Great Britain

• United States

• Canada

• Germany

• The Shire

Multiple Choice

Minerals that crystallize at higher temperatures tend to be low in

• Iron

• Calcium

• Silicon

• Magnesium

Multiple Choice

Minerals that crystallize at lower temperatures tend to be low in

• Iron

• Potassium

• Silicon

• Oxygen

Multiple Choice

The mineral that melts first as rock heats up would be

• Calcium Plagioclase

• Potassium Feldspar

• Sodium Plagioclase

• Biotite

Multiple Choice

Which of the following would crystallize first as magma cools.

• Pyroxene

• Quartz

• Amphibole

• Sodium Plagioclase

Multiple Choice

Mafic rocks are composed of mostly

• silicon and calcium

• sodium and magnesium

• potassium and aluminum

• iron and magnesium

Multiple Choice

The lighter in color the igneous rock, the higher the amount of

• iron

• silica

• calcium

• sodium

Multiple Choice

Magmas that form at high temperatures and pressures tend to be

• high in viscosity and low in silica

• low in viscosity and high in silica

• high in viscosity and high in silica

• low in viscosity and low in silica

Multiple Choice

Magmas that form at lower temperatures and pressures tend to be

• High in silica and high in viscosity

• Low in silica and low in viscosity

• High in silica and low in viscosity

• Low in silica and high in viscosity

Multiple Choice

If a magma has the same composition but cools at a slower rate the result will be

• a rock with different mineral composition

• a rock with smaller grain size

• a rock with larger grain size

• a rock with lighter colors

Multiple Choice

Bowen found that the following minerals crystallized in a discontinuous pattern

• Sodium, calcium, and potassium plagioclase

• quartz, potassium feldspar, olivine, and muscovite

• biotite, calcium plagioclase, and pyroxene

• olivine, pyroxene, amphibole, and biotite

Multiple Choice

What elements would this rock most likely be rich in?

• iron and magnesium

• silicon and oxygen

• sodium and potassium

• aluminum and sodium

Multiple Choice

The following form of plagioclase would be found

• At the top of the discontinuous series

• At the top of the continuous series

• At the bottom of the discontinuous series

• At the bottom of the continuous series

Multiple Choice

Igneous rocks that have 10% or less silica content are classified as

• Ultra-alkaline

• Ultra-felsic

• Ultra-mafic

• Ultra-basic

Multiple Choice

Porphrytic igneous rocks are the result of

• rapid cooling and crystallization of magma

• slow cooling and crystallization of a magma

• differential cooling and crystallization magma

• gradual cooling and crystallization of magma

Multiple Choice

Which rock would be the most stable at the surface?

• granite

• diorite

• basalt

• gabbro

Multiple Choice

Which of these igneous rocks would have the highest specific gravity

• Granite

• Syenite

• Andesite

• Gabbro

Multiple Choice

Which of these rocks would have the lightest color

• 90% calcium plagioclase/10% sodium plagioclase

• 50% sodium plagioclase/50 calcium plagioclase

• 90% sodium plagioclase/10% calcium plagioclase

• 5% sodium plagioclase/95% calcium plagioclase

Multiple Select

Which of the following locations would have a beach with black sand?

• Florida

• Hawaii

• Iceland

• Alaska

Multiple Choice

Why are most beaches tan?

• They are composed of mostly quartz which resists weathering best

• The minerals that make them get bleached out by the sun

• Olivine is hard and highly resists weathering.

• Calcium plagioclase gives it a light color.

Multiple Choice

What is the first mineral to crystallize in a magma chamber as it cools?

• quartz

• olivine

• mica

Multiple Choice

If a magma chamber slowly cools to solid rock underground, where would you expect to find the ultramafic rocks located?

• at the top

• in the middle

• at the bottom

Multiple Choice

Granitic (felsic) rocks are generally

• light colored

• dark colored

• rainbow glitter colored

Multiple Choice

As a magma chamber is cooling, where would you expect the first minerals to crystallize?

• at the top

• in the middle

• at the bottom

Multiple Choice

Which of the rocks below contains the most quartz?

• basalt

• gabbro

• granite

Multiple Choice

Which statement about mineral characteristics is true?

• In order for a substance to be classified as a mineral it must be man made.

• In order for a substance to be classified as a mineral it must have 4 out of 5 characteristics of a mineral

• In order for a substance to be classified as a mineral it must have all 5 characteristics of a mineral.

• In order for a substance to be classified as a mineral it must have 2 characteristics of a mineral.

Multiple Choice

What does inorganic mean?

• it comes from living things

• it does not come from living thing

• it can come from living things or nonliving things

• none are correct

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between rocks and minerals?

• Rocks are made up of more than one mineral. Minerals are only made of one mineral.

• Minerals are hard and rocks are not.

• Rocks smell good and minerals do not.

• Minerals are not useful and rocks are useful.

Multiple Choice

Are minerals made of rocks?

• yes

• no

Multiple Choice

By definition, a mineral has which of the following characteristic(s)?

• fixed chemical formula

• crystalline structure

• naturally occuring

• all of the above

Multiple Choice

Which of the following must be true for a substance to be considered a mineral?

• It must be inorganic
• It must be glassy
• It must be a gem
• It only be found on Earth

Multiple Choice

Which of these best defines a mineral?

• Minerals are always liquid and inorganic.

• Minerals are always solid and organic.

• Minerals are always solid and inorganic.

• Minerals are always a liquid and organic.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is true?

• Rocks are made of minerals; minerals are made of elements.

• Minerals are made of rocks; rocks are made of elements.

• Elements are made of minerals; minerals are made of rocks.

• Rocks are made of minerals; elements are made of rocks.

Multiple Choice

Every sample of quartz has the same elements inside of it. This is because all minerals have what mineral property?

• Inorganic

• Definite Chemical Composition

• Crystal Structure

• Solid

Multiple Choice

Coal is a rock that is made up of trees that died millions of years ago. Is coal organic or inorganic?

• Organic

• Inorganic

Multiple Choice

Diamond is a mineral and nothing inside of diamond was ever alive. Is diamond organic or inorganic?

• Inorganic

• Organic

Multiple Choice

True or False? Diamonds and salt are both minerals.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT true about minerals?

• Each mineral has a fixed chemical composition

• Minerals are renewable resources

• Minerals are natural substances

• Minerals are very useful for us

Multiple Select

Which of these are characteristics that minerals have? You may choose more than one.

• solid

• made by people

• organic

• definite chemical formula

• shiny

Multiple Select

In which of these places can a mineral be made? You may choose more than one.

• river bed

• in a lab

• underground

• buried under sand

• by animals