Review of Evolution

Multiple Choice

Scientists have collected millions of fossils of different organisms, and have developed a timeline of life on Earth. What do we call this?

• Mutation

• Natural Selection

• The theory of evolution

• Fossil Record

Multiple Choice

A remains or traces left over of an organism from the past is called a _______.

• Ancestor

• Skeleton

• Fossil

• Imprints

The Law of Superposition

• The Law of Superposition gives us information about the relative age of different fossils.

• Relative age does not tell the exact age of something, but it tells us which object is oldest and which is youngest. 

Multiple Choice

According to the law of superposition, which layer is the youngest?

• A
• B
• C

Multiple Choice

According to the law of superposition, the oldest fossils are found 

• At the top of the rock layers
• Near the bottom of the rock layers
• In the middle of the rock layers
• Somewhat near the surface

Multiple Choice

The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?

• Fossil A and C are the same age
  
• Fossil B is older than fossil C
• Fossils A is older than fossil B
• Fossil D is older than fossil C

Multiple Choice

Choose which scientist corresponds best with the statement: 
use or disuse

• Darwin 
• Lamarck
• Karl Weissman

Multiple Choice

Choose which scientist corresponds best with the statement: 
acquired characteristics are inherited

• Darwin 
• Lamarck
• Karl Weissman

Multiple Choice

This scientist that disproved the theory of 'Use and disuse" and inheritance of acquired characteristics by cutting off tails of mice for 24 generations and showing the offspring still had full tails.

• Lamarck

• Darwin

• Weismann

• Einstein

Multiple Choice

A study of the body structures of animals to know how they evolved from the likes of their common ancestors for the purpose of adapting to their environment.

• Evidence of Evolution

• Comparative Anatomy

• Fossils

• Embryonic Development

Multiple Choice

Used as evidence to show that organisms had a common ancestor. It compares embryo development across species.

• cladogram

• common ancestor

• comparative embryology

• evolution

​Las estructuras homólogas son estructuras que son similares en organismos relacionados porque fueron heredadas de un ancestro común.

Multiple Choice

Scientist that contributed the most to our understanding of evolution

• Darwin

• Lamarck

• Karl Weissman

Multiple Choice

Which scientist visited the Galapagos Islands and came up with the theory of natural selection?

• Theodor Schwann

• Gregor Mendel

• Charles Darwin

• Rudolf Virchow

Multiple Choice

When organisms are better adapted to their environment they will survive and reproduce more successfully than organisms less adapted. This process is called what?

• Selective breeding

• Natural Selection

• Cloning

• Evolution of all species

Multiple Choice

What most likely caused the finches on the Galapagos Islands to have beaks that were different from the finches on the mainland?

• There were different types of predators on the island.

• There were different types of food available on the island.

• The finches had no water to drink.

• The finches on the mainland could not fly high enough.

Multiple Choice

What interested Charles Darwin when looking at the different finches?

• Each bird has a different size and shaped beak.

• Each bird had a different wing span.

• Each bird had a different life expectancy.

• Each bird was colored differently.

Multiple Choice

What led Darwin to his idea of natural selection?

• Individuals had certain traits that made them more successful.

• The Galápagos finches had a unique method of adaptation.

• Ecosystems with limited resources fostered great biodiversity.

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

Charles Darwin’s theory to explain evolution, is called his

theory of __________ _____________ .

• natural development.

• national eviction

• natural selection.

Multiple Choice

When looking at two birds of the same species, you notice that one has darker feathers than the other one. You also notice that one has a beak that is just a little longer. These slight differences within members of the same species are called.....

• Fossils

• Extinction

• Meiosis

• Variations

Multiple Choice

What do we call a change in a species over time?

• Adaptation

• Evolution

• Extinction

• Environmental influences

Multiple Choice

Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.

• Evolution
• Natural Selection
• Extinction
• Artifical Selection

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are factors that affect the survival of species?

• Overproduction

• Variation

• Competition

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

In Survival of the Fittest Darwin believed

• The organism with adaptations that allow it to fit into its environment better is the one that will survive and reproduce.

• The organisms without the adaptations to fit into its environment is the one that will survive.

Multiple Choice

Why is competition important for natural selection?

• The organisms that hare the best adapted have the best chance for survival as they struggle and compete for food, water, mates, territory and shelter.

• It causes organisms, regardless of which traits they have, to die out, reducing the population size.

• It causes organisms to get stronger due to having to outcompete other species.

• Competition is not important for natural selection.

Multiple Choice

Which best describes the role of mutations in natural selection?

• Mutations help an organism to better survive in their environment

• An organism may acquire a helpful mutation by interacting with the environment

• A mutation may result in a beneficial trait that makes an organism more likely to survive and reproduce

• Organisms with certain traits are more likely to win competitions for mutations

Multiple Choice

Mutations are important because they bring about

• death of the organism in which they develop

• genetic variation needed for a population to evolve

• benefits for the individual, not for the population

• changes in genotype, but not phenotype

Multiple Choice

What process is being shown in this image?

• Variation
• Natural Selection
• Selective Breeding
• Homeostasis

Multiple Choice

A physical or behavioral trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment is called a what?

• An adaptation

• A response to a stimulus

• A mutation

• Evolution

Multiple Choice

What does Darwin's theory of evolution suggest?

• species change over time
• extinct species are not related to living species
• different species can interbreed
• animals that look alike are most closely related

Multiple Choice

According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have

• characteristics their parents acquired by use and disuse.
• the greatest number of offspring.
• characteristics that plant and animal breeders value.
• variations best suited to the environment.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are factors that affect the survival of species?

• Overproduction

• Variation

• Competition

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

Sometimes bones in the front limbs of animals are very similar in structure. What do we call similar bone structures that indicate a link to a common ancestor?

• Adaptations

• Gradualism

• Homologous Structures

• Extinction

Multiple Choice

The structures shown are_________

• homologous
• heterologous
• analogous
• vestigial

Multiple Choice

Some organisms of a population of birds are born with extra-long beaks instead of a normal sized beak.

• Gene Flow

• Natural Selection

• Genetic Drift

• Mutation

Multiple Choice

Recent fossils can be found in upper rock layers. What two scientific ideas does this support?

• The law of superposition and the periodic nature of the elements

• Cell theory and the theory of evolution

• the theory of evolution and the law of superposition

• the periodic nature of the elements and cell theory

Multiple Choice

An example of a homologous structure 

• human arm and bird wing
• rat appendix  and human appendix
• wing of butterfly and bird wing

Multiple Choice

Penguin flipper and fish fin

• Homologous

• Vestigial

• Analogous

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

Evolved from different ancestors, but due to living in similar environments have a similar function.

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

• Vestigial structures

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

Evolved from the same ancestor, but have different functions

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

• Vestigial structures

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

A trait that makes a species better suited to survive in its environment is called a(n) _________.

• variation
• adaptation
• natural selection
• isolation

Multiple Choice

Definition: natural selection

• inherited characteristic that increases chances of survival
• organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate
• a growing population causes a scarcity of resources
• differences in the DNA sequence

Multiple Choice

Darwin said that within a species there will be _________________________

• nothing different
• variation/differences

Multiple Choice

Which is the best evidence for evolution?

• old rock layers contain fossils unlike existing organisms

• old rock layers contain fossils of complex organisms

• new rock layers contain fossils of simple organims

• new rock layers contain fossils unlike existing organisms

Multiple Choice

When a population sees constant and slow change over time

• convergent evolution

• gradualism

• coevolution

• punctuated equilibrium