ER, Golgi Body, and Ribosomes Lesson

Endoplasmic Reticulum,
Golgi Body, Ribosomes

​FYI: Golgi body and golgi apparatus are the same thing!!

Endoplasmic Reticulum

●

It's a collection of tubes that
make, package, and transport
proteins and fats.

●

It works closely with the Golgi
apparatus, ribosomes, and
nucleus to do this job.

●

There are two types: Rough ER
and Smooth ER.

The Rough ER works with the Nucleus

●The surface of the
ROUGH ER connects
with the nuclear
membrane.

●This allows for the
easy movement of
molecules that help
with protein
production.

Rough ER and Ribosomes

●

Rough ER gets its name because it's covered in
ribosomes (protein makers), which look like little
bumps.

●

When the ribosomes on the rough ER make
enough protein, the protein is packed up by the
endoplasmic reticulum and placed in sacs called
vesicles. These vesicles can carry protein
around the cell to structures that need it.

●

The vesicles often carry the protein to the Golgi apparatus, where the protein can be used in different ways.

Smooth ER

●

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
helps make and process things like lipids and hormones (another type of protein).

●

You can think of the smooth ER as
a factory manufacturing many of the products that a cell needs to
function. Exactly what it makes
depends on the type of cell.

Multiple Select

The endoplasmic reticulum is works closely with the......

• mitochondria

• nucleus

• golgi bodies

• lysosomes

• ribosomes

Multiple Choice

The rough endoplasmic reticulum is covered by.....

• lysosomes

• mitochondria

• ribosomes

• chloroplasts

Multiple Select

What are the main jobs of the rough ER?

• Packages proteins.

• Makes the ribosomes.

• Sends proteins around the cell and to the golgi apparatus.

• To create energy for the cell.

Multiple Select

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum does what?

• Makes lysosomes.

• Makes cytoplasm.

• Makes lipids.

• Makes hormones (a type of protein).

Ribosomes- The Basics

●

Tiny organelles that float freely in the
cell or are attached to the rough
endoplasmic reticulum.

●

Make proteins by reading codes carried by RNA.

●

Multiple Select

What is true about ribosomes?

• Read the codes on RNA to make proteins.

• Make mitochondria.

• Are very tiny organelles.

• Float around the cell and are on the rough ER.

Golgi Body or Golgi Apparatus

●

Looks like a stack of
pancakes.

●

Located near the ER
because they work together.

●

The rough ER makes
proteins and sends them to
the Golgi apparatus.

Golgi Apparatus Job

1.

The Golgi apparatus gets the protein from the ER.

2.

It prepares and changes the protein by sending it through its flat
pancake-like layers.

3.

After the protein has been modified (changed), it is packaged by the Golgi
apparatus and placed into shipping containers called vesicles. (These
vesicles are sacs that break away from the Golgi apparatus, kind of like
lifeboats leaving a ship.)

4.

The free vesicles can travel to different areas of the cell, or to the cell
membrane where they dump their contents outside of the cell.

Reorder

Order the process in which the golgi body takes in and moves proteins.

• Gets the protein from the ER.

• Changes the protein by sending it through its layers.

• Packages the protein and puts it in vesicles.

• Sends the proteins to where they are needed.

1

2

3

4

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

It also Makes Lysosomes

●The Golgi apparatus also make lysosomes, a type of organelle that contains digestive enzymes.

●Lysosomes are important because they
break down large bits of foods that come
into the cell so the food can be used as
energy.

●Lysosomes also help clean up your cell by
digesting bacteria, viruses and worn out
organelles.

Match

Match the following....

• Rough ER

• Smooth ER

• Golgi Body

• Ribosome

Packages and correctly folds proteins.

Makes and processes lipids and hormones.

Changes proteins and then delivers them.

Reads RNA code to create proteins.

• Packages and correctly folds proteins.

• Makes and processes lipids and hormones.

• Changes proteins and then delivers them.

• Reads RNA code to create proteins.