Byzantines, Russians, and Turks Interact section 1

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Chapter 11

World History: Patterns of Interaction

The Byzantine Empire

The Russian Empire

Turkish Empires Rise in Anatolia

Byzantines, Russians, and Turks Interact, 500-1500

SECTION 2SECTION 2

SECTION 3

SECTION 1

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World History: Patterns of Interaction

Byzantines, Russians, and Turks Interact, 500-1500

Byzantine, Russian, and Turkish
cultures develop, while Christian
and Islamic societies fight over
religious issues and territory.

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Chapter 11

World History: Patterns of Interaction

The Byzantine Empire

Section-1

AfterRome split, the Eastern Empire, known as Byzantium, flourishes for
a thousand years.

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Chapter 11

World History: Patterns of Interaction

The Byzantine Empire

Section-1

A New Rome in a New Setting

TheEasternRomanEmpire

• Roman Empire officially divides into East and West in 395
• Eastern Empire flourishes; becomes known as Byzantium
•Justinian becomes emperor of Byzantium in 527. In 533 He sends his best

general Belisarius to recover North Africa from the invading Germanic tribes.

• His armies reconquer much of former Roman territory
• After numerous campaigns, Justinian conquered almost all the territory that

Rome had ever ruled.

• Byzantine emperors Ruled with Absolute power, they were head of the state

and church; uses brutal politics , They appointed and dismissed bishops at will.

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Life in the New Rome

New Laws for the Empire

• A separate government and difficult communications with the West gave the

Byzantine Empire its own character.

• Justinian seeks to revise and update laws for governing the empire; sets up a

panel of legal experts to regulate the Byzantium’s increasingly complex society.
The panel combed through 400 years of Roman Law. It found a number of laws
that were outdated. The Panel created a single, uniform code.

•Justinian Code—new set of laws consisting of four main parts
1. The Code contained nearly 5,000 Roman Laws that were considered useful for

Byzantine Empire

2. The Digest quoted and summarized the opinions of Rome’s greatest legal

thinkers.

3. The Institutes was a textbook that told law students how to use the laws.
4. The Novellae (NEW LAWS) presented legislation passed after 534
• Code regulates much of Byzantine life; lasts for 900 years

Continued . . .

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Life in the New Rome {continued}

Constantinople’s Hectic Pace

• City becomes trading hub with major marketplace
• Giant Hippodrome offers chariot races and other entertainment
• Racing fans start riots in 532, known as the Nika Riots and demanded the

overthrow of Justinian; government restores order violently

• Empress Theodora—powerful wife and adviser to Justinian

Creating the Imperial Capital

• Justinian launches program

to beautify capital,
Constantinople

• Constructs new buildings;

builds magnificent church,
Hagia Sophia “ Holy
Wisdom”

• Byzantines preserve

Greco-Roman culture and
learning

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The Plague of Justinian

• the 1st crisis began before Justinian’s death, the Bubonic Plague. The illness hit

Constantinople in the later years of Justinian’s reign. It may have arrived from
India on ships infested with rats. Historians estimates that in 542 10,000 people
were dying EVERY day. The illness finally faded out by 700 AD.

Attacks from East and West

• From the very start of its rise to power Byzantium faced attacks from many

different groups

• Empire survives through bribery, diplomacy, and military power
• Constantinople falls in 1453 to the Ottoman Turks; brings an end to Byzantine

Empire

The Empire Falls

Years of Turmoil

• Justinian dies in 565; empire faces many crises after his death
• Each time the empire moved to the edge of collapse, it found some way to

revive.

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The Church Divides

A Religious Split

• Since the time of Constantine, Christianity had been the central feature of life

in the Byzantine Empire.

• Christianity develops differently in Eastern and Western Roman Empires
• Eastern Christianity built its heritage on the works of early Church fathers, such

as Saint Basil.

• Another significant figure was Saint John Chrysostom, whom was the Patriarch
Or leading bishop of the East.
Controversy: in 730 Emperor Leo III banned the use of Icons, religious images

used by Eastern Christians or aid their devotions; the Clergy rebelled.

In the West, the Pope Became involved in this Eastern dispute and supported the

use of icons. The Pope ordered the Excommunication of a Byzantine Emperor.

Continued . . .

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Byzantine Missionaries Convert the Slavs

• Eastern Orthodox missionaries seek to convert northern peoples, Slavs
• Missionaries create Cyrillic alphabet—basis of many Slavic languages
• Alphabet enables many groups to read the Bible

The Church Divides {continued}
A Religious Split

• Eastern and Western churches officially split in 1054
• West—Roman Catholic Church; East—Orthodox Church

Open Ended

Write a paragraph using citations From the slides from section 1. Make sure you cite your work and use complete sentences. I will be grading your work individually do not copy off google or you will receive a zero for plagiarism.

Start with the sections of the Roman Empire as your introduction, after incorporating how the empires started, find the laws that were changed upon separation of the Roman Empire along with religion.

Choose one of the three (Hippodrome, Justinian Code or Cyrillic alphabet) and write a definition in complete sentences of how each were used (you can use google for this section).