The Carolingians

• Medieval comes from the

Latin meaning “middle”

• The transition period

from ancient to modern
times

• Also known as the Dark

Ages or Middle Ages

•

Formed out of early barbarian tribes

•

Lived in small communities with
unwritten customs

•

Led by kings and warrior nobles
based on loyalty

•

Most successful Germanic Kingdom
was established by the Franks

• Trade declined

• Roads, bridges, and cities

fell into disrepair

• Formal laws become rare

• Little formal learning

except in monasteries

• Loss of a common language

due to many dialects

• Germanic group in Gaul

• United by King Clovis I

• Converted to Catholicism

& align with the Church

• Founded the Merovingian

dynasty which ruled the
Franks for 200 years

• Known as “Charles the Hammer"

• Becomes “Mayor of the

Palace” (majordomo) in
714 CE

• Wins Battle of Tours in 732,

stopping Muslim spread into Europe

• ​Almost excommunicated for seizing church property to support military campaigns

• Charles Martel’s son &

a strict Catholic

• Protected Catholic Church

against invading Germanic
tribe the Lombards

• The Church anointed him

“King by the Grace of God”

• Founder of the Carolingian

dynasty - ruled from
751-987

• Son of

Pepin the
Short

• Ruled from

768 - 814

• Extended Frankish
Empire, spread
Christianity, &
encouraged learning

• Protected the

Catholic Church

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Strict Catholic

Protected the Church

1st Carolingian King

Annointed "King by Grace of God"

"The Hammer of the Franks"

"Mayor of the Palace"

Won the Battle of Tours, stopping Muslim invasion

Son of Pepin

Ruled 768-814 (46 YEARS)

expanded Frankish Empire

built monasteries, schools, hospitals

Crowned Emperor by Leo III

almost excommunicated

Match the following

Pepin the Short

Charles Martel

Charlemagne

• Crowned on

Christmas Day,
800 CE by Pope
Leo III

• Charlemagne

becomes
known as
“Holy Roman
Emperor”

• Secular authority declines & Church

authority grew

• Monasteries preserved Greco-Roman

culture & achievements.

• Missionaries bring Christianity and Latin

alphabet to Germanic tribes

• Parish priests serve religious & social

needs of the people.

• Charlemagne’s

grandsons fought
for control of the
empire after his
death

• In 843, they signed

the Treaty of
Verdun

• Divides the empire

into 3 kingdoms.

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