AS Psych Core Study Fagen Et al Elephant Learning

Multiple Choice

What was the primary reinforcer used in the training of the elephants?

• Chopped carrot

• Chopped watermelon

• Chopped banana

• Chopped apple

Multiple Choice

Why was the secondary positive reinforcement (SPR) used in the training of the elephants?

• To punish the elephants

• To minimize the delay in reinforcement

• To scare the elephants

• To confuse the elephants

Multiple Choice

Why were the female elephants selected for the experiment?

• They were easier to train

• They were more docile

• They were more aggressive

• They were more intelligent

Multiple Choice

What was the primary purpose of the trunk wash for the elephants?

• To train the elephants

• To provide a treat for the elephants

• To test for tuberculosis

• To clean the elephants' trunks

Multiple Choice

Which technique involves waiting for the animal to perform a natural behavior and then marking and rewarding it repeatedly?

• None of the above

• Shaping technique

• Lure technique

• Capture technique

Multiple Choice

What was a key finding of the study?

• Only the adult elephant successfully learned the trunk wash

• 50% of the elephants successfully learnt the trunk wash

• All juvenile elephants successfully learned the trunk wash

• None of the elephants successfully learned the trunk wash

Multiple Choice

Evaluate the generalizability of the study.

• Good generalisability to all elephants

• Poor generalisability due to the sample size

• Good generalisability to male elephants

• Good generalisability to African elephants

Multiple Choice

Evaluate the reliability of the study.

• Good reliability due to the use of a standardised procedure

• Poor reliability due to the use of a standardised procedure

• Poor reliability due to the use of subjective measurements

• Good reliability due to the use of subjective measurements

Multiple Choice

What is the application of the study's results in the captive management of other species?

• Could be useful in circus performances

• Could be useful in training wild animals

• Could be useful in disease testing of other animals

• No application to other species

Multiple Choice

What is the ethical consideration regarding the treatment of the elephants in the study?

• The training of wild animals is unethical

• The ethics are very good overall

• The use of bananas as a reward is unethical

• The use of chains is unethical

Multiple Choice

How many elephants were used in the sample?

• 5

• 6

• 7

• 8

Multiple Choice

What is the significance of the study's results in the conservation of elephant populations?

• Could be useful in managing elephant populations in captivity

• Could be useful in controlling elephant behavior in the wild

• Could be useful in monitoring elephant migration patterns

• No significance in the conservation of elephant populations

Multiple Choice

What was the primary objective of the study's findings in relation to elephant welfare?

• To improve the living conditions of elephants in captivity

• To study the impact of captivity on elephant behavior

• To assess the mental well-being of elephants in the wild

• To determine the impact of climate change on elephant habitats

Fill in the Blank

The use of a whistle blow in the study by Fagen et al. is an example of:

Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes the 'Trunk here' behaviour of the training sequence?

• The elephant holds its trunk diagonally up and outward

• The elephant places the distal end of its trunk in a bucket

• The elephant places the distal end of its trunk in the palm of the trainer

• The elephants holds the trunk still in the position previously requested

Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes the 'Steady' behaviour of the training sequence?

• The elephant holds its trunk diagonally up and outward

• The elephant places the distal end of its trunk in a bucket

• The elephant places the distal end of its trunk in the palm of the trainer

• The elephants holds the trunk still in the position previously requested

Fill in the Blank

After the elephants have learnt the five basic behavioural tasks, they were then trained to perform those behaviours in succession. This is called:

Multiple Choice

ONE ethical procedure used in the Fagen et al. study.

• Informed consent was obtained from all participants
• Animals were given sufficient and regular access to food and water

• Animals were given right to withdraw from the study

• Animals were housed in stalls 24hrs a day

Multiple Select

TWO features of the sample are...

• All female

• All male

• Juvenile and adult elephants

• Adult elephants

Multiple Choice

The aim of the Fagen et al. study.

• To study the effects of caffeine on sleep patterns
• To investigate the impact of social media on teenagers
• To investigate the effectiveness of SPR technique in training elephants for behaviours needed for trunk wash.

• To examine the development of infant-mother attachment