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Infinitive and Gerund

(to + V) or (V-ing)

Gerund

• ( v-ing )

• after verbs:

• hate - love - like - enjoy -spend time

Multiple Choice

Lama likes ............ movies

• watch

• watching

• to watching

Infinitive

• (to + V)

• after verbs:

• hope - prefer - would like - like - hate

Multiple Choice

I would like ............ a cup of coffee.

• have

• having

• to have

So .. what are the common verbs between

(v-ing) & (to +v)

Multiple Choice

I can use BOTH ( v-ing ) or ( to + V ) after ..............

• spend time - can't stand

• love - like - hate

• would like - hope

Gerunds & Infinitives

GRAMMAR GRADE 10

Multiple Choice

Circle the correct answer:

2- Gerunds can be used after all following verbs except :

• enjoy

• don't mind

• avoid

• would like

Multiple Choice

4-.............= to + the base form of the verb, e.g., to sing, to dance, to run.

• Gerund

• Infinitive

Multiple Choice

5-I would like.............. (come) to the party with you.

• coming

• to come

Multiple Choice

6-He enjoys .......... (have) a bath in the evening.

• having

• to have

Multiple Choice

7-I am learning............. (speak) English.

• speaking

• to speak

Multiple Choice

Take a deep breath ...

Multiple Choice

8-Do you mind ..........(give) me a hand?

• giving

• to give

Multiple Choice

9-He decided............ (study) biology.

• studying

• to study

Multiple Choice

10-We discussed .............(go) to the cinema, but in the end we stayed at home.

• going

• to go

Verbals Review ~ Infinitives and Gerunds

Gerunds always work as nouns.

Nouns have the following jobs: subject, direct object, indirect object, object of the preposition, predicate noun, appositive

Infinitive phrases always start with the word to.

Always!

Infinitives can work as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs.

Gerunds are always nouns.

Be careful. Prepositional phrases can also start with the word to.

• You will know the difference because a prepositional phrase will not have a verb with it.

• to the store - prepositional phrase to buy the chips - infinitive phrase

Multiple Choice

To the average person, he may not seem very special. The underlined portion is _____.

• prepositional phrase

• infinitive phrase

• gerund phrase

Multiple Choice

I tried to understand the math lesson, but I struggled. The underlined part of this sentence is ____.

• prepositional phrase

• infinitive phrase

Multiple Choice

Choose the infinitive phrase in this sentence. I tried to answer all of the questions on the test.

• I tired

• to answer

• to answer all of the questions on the test

Remember, prepositional phrases can be a part of infinitive phrases.

She tried to talk to her mom about the problem.

to talk = infinitive

to talk to her mom about the problem = infinitive phrase

Multiple Choice

I am going to run to the library. Which is the infinitive phrase?

• to run

• to run to the library

• to the library

Gerund

• When a verb is acting like a noun

• Example: Running is his favorite hobby.

Infinitives

• The basic form of the verb

• Usually begins with "to"

• Can be used as a noun, adjective, or adverb

Infinitives

• Don't confuse infinitives with prepositional phrases!

• An infinitive is when "to" comes before a verb

• A prepositional phrase is when "to" comes before a noun

Examples of Infinitives

• It is important to exercise regularly

• I hope to visit my cousin soon.

• 
  

"To" is sometimes omitted when...

• You're using verbs like dare, feel, hear, help, let, make, need, see, and watch.

• With these words, the "to" can be understood to be there.

Gerunds vs. infinitives

Gerunds

• Gerunds are the -ing form of a verb

• After certain verbs including enjoy, fancy, discuss, dislike, finish, mind, suggest, recommend, keep, and avoid.

•  After prepositions of place and time (before, after).

• To replace the subject or object of a sentence

Gerunds Examples

• I made dinner before getting home.

• I anticipate having the research completed eventually. 

• Sam likes eating coconut oil.

• I miss going to the beach

Infinitives

• Infinitives are the to + base form

• After certain verbs including agree, ask, decide, help, plan, hope, learn, want, would like, and promise.

• After many adjectives (hard, easy, fun).

• To show purpose.

Infinitives examples

• It is hard to make dinner this late.

• I came to the office to solve the mystery of the missing keys.

• Ross decided to go home instead.

• Do you need to do your laundry this weekend?

Multiple Choice

He demanded _____ to the manager

• to speak

• speaking

Fill in the Blanks

Complete the sentence: I miss

to the beach

Multiple Choice

Learn, agree, decide, demand, have, hope, refuse, try, ask, wish.

These verbs must be followed by:

• A gerund

• An infinitive

Multiple Select

I offered

• To help

• Helping

Gerunds : usage

• After prepositions: in,on,at,for, about,after,before,etc.

• E.g: I am good at writing poems

• E.g: I am interesting in studying science

• Exception: to (if is not a phrasal verb)

• E.g:

• I need to do my homework

• I'm looking forward to meeting you (phrasal verb)

Common verbs followed by a gerund

Some common verbs that are followed by gerund are: avoid, enjoy, finish, hate, keep, like, love, don’t mind, prefer, recommend, spend time, stop, suggest, etc.

Negative gerund 

The negative form of the gerund is not + -ing.

He enjoys not having to wake up early at the weekends. 

Infinitives

Particle 'to' + base form of the verb

BE CAREFUL! 'to' is not a preposition in this case

E.g:

I want to study english