Ch.9 Section 9 - Punic Wars Notes

The

Punic

Wars

Carthage

The Punic
Wars were
fought 264
BCE – 146

BCE

They were fought between Rome and Carthage –

over control of the island of Sicily.

Carthage was a
colony from the

Phoenician

Empire, so the

Punic Wars
represent a
major war

between two
world powers.

So, why is this war called

the Punic Wars?

The word Punicusin

Latin means Phoenician!

Multiple Choice

What empire founded Carthage?

• Rome

• Greece

• Phonecia

• Egypt

Multiple Choice

What was Phoenicia was best known for?

• Trade

• Aviation

• 1st Civilization

• Calvary

Multiple Choice

Why were Carthage and Rome fighting over control for Sicily?

• Carthage and Rome were allies at the time
• Sicily was known for its abundant gold and salt reserves for trade

• Sicily was a strategically important island in the Mediterranean Sea
• The conflict was based on a religious dispute between Roman Christians and Jerusalem Jews

There are three total Punic Wars.

• The first was
primary a naval

battle.

• Carthage is a very

experience naval

power while Rome is
much better on land.

Multiple Choice

At the end of the first Punic War which group had control of the island of Sicily?

• Rome

• Cathage

• Phoenicians

• Invaders

Match

Match the following military powers

• Rome

• Carthage

• Greece

army

navy

Not involved in this war

• army

• navy

• Not involved in this war

Rome wins after changing the rules of the game – they

convert naval battles into land battles.

They equip ships with
grappling hooks to
latch their ship to the
enemy

Once connected, they
would use a gangplank
to cross to the other
boat.

Multiple Select

What did Rome use to gain an advantage/ upper hand over Carthage's navy?

• gangplanks

• grappling hooks

• battering ram

• multiple sails for faster ships

The SECOND punic

war is the most famous of the

three.

Rome from the north.

Several Roman armies are sent to stop him, and

Hannibal settles on a war of attrition, figuring he can

wear down the Roman legions.

A Carthaginian general named Hannibal Barca leads his famed elephant army through Spain to attack Rome from the north.

​Several Roman armies are sent to stop him, and Hannibal settles on a war of attrition, figuring he can wear down the Roman legions.

Hannibal camps out north of Rome
in the Alps Mountains for months

trying to wear down Rome.

UNTIL…

He leaves a few contingents behind
and heads to attack Rome directly

with a smaller army.

Labelling

Label the following locations

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Alps

Rome

Carthage

Mediterranean Sea

BUT HANNIBAL HAD
ELEPHANTS!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Multiple Choice

One unique aspect of Hannibal's army was that he had

• Elephants

• Tigers

• Bears

• Rats

Hannibal wins big

victories at the Battle of

Lake Trasimene and
the Battle of Cannae.

Hannibal gets just to the

outskirts of Rome, but his
army has weakened and
Rome wears him down.

The Romans change the
game again – as Hannibal
begins to retreat, they send
about 30% of their military

to attack Carthage.

The Romans
lay siege to
Carthage and
destroy the city
after the Battle

of Zama.

Led by Scipio Africanus

Match

Match the following leaders in the Second Punic War

• Carthage

• Rome

• Not apart of the Second Punic War

Hannibal

Scipio Africanus

Alexander the Great

• Hannibal

• Scipio Africanus

• Alexander the Great

The THIRD punic war

was the final stand of

Carthage.

Roman politician Cato the Elder
pushed for a third Punic War, even

though Carthage was virtually

destroyed.

Their (Carthage) economy was in
shambles and they had lost all of

their territory to Rome.

Due to Cato’s insistence, a third Punic War took

place to wipe Carthage off the map.

The city was destroyed

and burned.

Everything of value was

taken back to Rome.

The entire population

was sold off into slavery.

Salt was sown around
the city to ensure nothing
could grow there again.

Multiple Select

How did Rome ensure Carthage could not restore itself and not be a threat to Rome?

• Salted the Earth

• Sold the population of Carthage into slavery

• The soldiers looted the people

• The city was burned

Rome victory in the

Punic Wars does
more than any
other conflict to
expand its territory.

Rome gains the

islands of Sardinia,
Corsica, Sicily, and
can easily expand

into North Africa, the
Iberian Peninsula,

and Asia Minor.

Multiple Select

Which impacts would most POSITIVELY impact Rome after their victory over Carthage?

• New territories conquered to trade with

• Control over trade on the Mediterranean Sea

• New fields to plant crops in Carthage

• A new vacation home for the Roman Senate

Multiple Choice

How many Punic Wars were there?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

Who won the series of Punic Wars?

• Rome

• Greece

• Carthage

• Phoenicia