Exam 3 Review

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the best description of schizophrenia?

• Schizophrenia is characterized by symptoms shared by everyone with the diagnosis.

• Schizophrenia is characterized by multiple personalities.

• Schizophrenia is characterized by behavior and symptoms that aren't necessarily common to everyone with the diagnosis.

• The course of schizophrenia is always predictable.

Multiple Choice

The three types of schizophrenia symptoms are positive symptoms, ___________, and _____________.

• negative symptoms, disorganized symptoms

• catatonic symptoms, negative symptoms

• disorganized symptoms, affective symptoms

• negative symptoms, psychotic symptoms

Multiple Choice

Hootie had his first psychotic break three years ago, coinciding with a marked decrease in his functioning. Luckily, with the help of his therapist and psychotropic medication, Hootie's symptoms have slowed in their progression. Based on this information, Hootie is likely in the _________stage of development.

• Premorbid

• Prodromal

• Onset/deterioration

• Chronic/residual

Multiple Choice

In schizophrenia, delusions, hallucinations, disorganized behaviors, and negative symptoms need to have occurred for ____months alongside ____ months of marked decrease in one area of functioning in life.

• 1. 1, 6

• 1, 4

• 3, 6

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

A woman diagnosed as schizophrenic announces that she has a plan to end poverty and homelessness in the world and that the Pope has given her secret instructions on how this can be accomplished. Her thinking is indicative of a delusion of _________.

• persecution

• thought insertion

• reference

• grandeur

Multiple Choice

Marshall has suffered from several symptoms (i.e., delusions, hallucinations, decreased functioning) that indicate a schizophrenia-related condition, but his symptoms have only been present for 4 months. Which of the following would be the appropriate diagnosis?

• Brief psychotic disorder

• Delusional disorder

• Schizoaffective disorder

• Schizophreniform disorder

Multiple Choice

Callie has been diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder. This means that in addition to schizophrenic symptoms, she also has symptoms of

• an anxiety disorder.

• a mood disorder.

• a split personality.

• obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Multiple Choice

What increases the risk for developing schizophrenia?

• Exposure to toxins/viruses in the womb

• Complications with pregnancy and delivery

• Excess in dopamine

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

Which of the following occurs when drugs are administered to schizophrenic patients?

• Drugs that increase dopamine (agonists) cause an increase in schizophrenic behavior.

• Drugs that decrease dopamine (antagonists) decrease schizophrenic symptoms.

• Both of these statements are accurate

• Neither of these statements is accurate

Multiple Choice

An individual diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder will always present with

• hyperactive behavior that alternates with periods of distraction.

• patterns of inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity.

• both patterns of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity.

• periods of distraction that lead to hyperactive/impulsive behavior.

Multiple Choice

The controversy of gender bias in the diagnosis of ADHD relates to

• The neurobiology of ADHD being predominately found in males

• The DSM criteria centering on the how ADHD presents in boys/men

• Women being more likely to be diagnosed despite not meeting full DSM criteria

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

What are common side effects of stimulant medication for ADHD?

• hyperactivity

• insomnia

• appetite suppression

• all of the above

Multiple Choice

A specific learning disorder is defined as      

• substandard IQ score in comparison to the individual's family and educational background.

• a complete inability to learn in a given academic subject.

• academic performance that is substantially below the level predicted by the individual's age, IQ, and education.

• the existence of a neurological deficit that interferes with the individual's ability to learn new information.

Multiple Choice

Jeremy is a 10 year old boy who struggles making friends. Most of his friendships revolve around an activity (e.g., community-based sports, school classes). When interacting, he often looks at the ground and does not talk much. He maintains a strict schedule and struggles when unexpected events require him to be flexible with his expectations. Based on this information, Jeremy should be assessed for

• ADHD

• Specific Learning Disorder

• Sensitivity Developmental Disorder

• Autism Spectrum Disorder

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is currently being researched as a possible cause of autistic disorder?

• The neuronal structure of the hippocampus

• The levels of the neuropeptide oxytocin and vasopressin

• The mercury used as a preservative in childhood vaccines

• All of these

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statement is TRUE about the cause of Intellectual Developmental Disorder?

• It primarily comes from early childhood trauma

• It is primarily driven by genetic causes, some of which are not specifically known

• It primarily comes from environmental influences like pesticides, radiation, and prenatal medication.

• All are true.

Multiple Choice

A person who is physiologically dependent on a drug will experience

• tolerance to the effects of the drug.

• withdrawal symptoms if the drug is withdrawn.

• both tolerance and withdrawal.

• neither tolerance nor withdrawal.

Multiple Choice

Angelina has had difficulty falling asleep for the past year. She started taking a prescribed sleeping pill every night for her insomnia. Now, she needs the pill to fall asleep. Without it, she will toss and turn all night, getting little sleep. Based on this information, Angelina

• Does not have a substance use disorder

• Has a substance (specifically a sedative) use disorder

Multiple Choice

Because of its impact on GABA receptors, alcohol ______ neuronal communication.

• inhibits

• facilitates

• randomizes

Multiple Choice

The "pleasure pathways," or internal reward centers, in the human brain are primarily made up of ______________.

• dopamine-sensitive neurons

• serotonin-sensitive neurons

• both of these

• neither of these

Multiple Choice

Drugs like aspirin use negative reinforcement because they stop a person from feeling pain, encouraging them to use aspirin again when they next feel pain. This process is implicated in two theories of addiction. The removing of pain that comes from feelings of withdrawal from a substance aligns with which concept?

• Opponent Process Theory

• Conditioning & craving

• Tension Reduction Theory

Multiple Choice

What is NOT a benefit of ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS (AA)?

• The social support of a recovery community

• It is free

• Research has demonstrated it is as an effective treatment as other substance us therapies

• Advocates for controlled drinking to reduce the potential harm of drinking alcohol

Multiple Choice

A primary motivating factor in both anorexia nervosa nervosa and bulimia nervosa is

• a desire to purge.

• an overwhelming drive to eat.

• an overwhelming urge to be thin.

• a desire to starve oneself.

Multiple Choice

Jackie, a woman of relatively normal weight, sometimes eats large quantities of junk food with no ability to stop herself. Driven by disappointment and shame, she follows it with long periods of complete fasting with the aim of losing weight. Based on this information, Jackie

• might be diagnosed with bulimia nervosa.

• should be diagnosed with anorexia nervosa.

• will not be diagnosed with any eating disorder because she is of normal weight.

• cannot be diagnosed with bulimia nervosa because she is not purging.

Multiple Choice

Genetic influences on eating disorders most likely involve

• a specific gene for each actual eating disorder.

•  inherited personality traits that may make development of an eating disorder more likely.

• multiple genes interacting in ways not yet determined that directly produce eating disordered behavior.

• recessive genes.

Multiple Choice

Why are women more prone to eating disorders?

• Higher rates of anxiety sensitivity

• Increased consumption of media depicting thin ideals

• Combination of genetic diathesis and greater internalization of thin/body image ideals

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

The most important and immediate goal in the treatment of a patient with anorexia nervosa is ________________.

• family acceptance of the problem

• weight gain

• balanced diet

• resolution of family issues