APES 8.3, 8.14-8.15

Pollution & Human Health Effects
8.3, 8.14, 8.15

Multiple Choice

A hormone is _____________________.

• a chemical substance produced by a gland and carried by the lymph.

• an enzyme produced by a gland and carried by the blood.

• a chemical substance produced by an organ and carried by the blood.

• a chemical substance produced by a gland and carried by the blood.

• A chemical response

Multiple Choice

Which of these functions are the main function of the endocrine system?

• To ensure that we take in oxygen through the lungs

• To make hormones that control growth and development

• To control balance, movement, and coordination

• To protect the body from disease caused by pathogens

Multiple Choice

Endocrine disruptors directly affect which of the following in an organism?

• White blood cells

• Hormones

• Hemoglobin

• Oxygen

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the action of an endocrine disruptor?

• An endocrine disruptor attacks hormones that invade a body system and cause disease.

• An endocrine disruptor blocks the receptor protein binding site of a hormone so that the cell cannot receive a signal.

• An endocrine disruptor acts as an organic catalyst, produced by living things to regulate the rate of chemical reactions.

• An endocrine disruptor helps to transport substances, such as pesticides, in an organism following exposure.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the most likely consequence of runoff transporting chemicals that are endocrine disruptors to a pond?

• Decreased turbidity in the pond

• Increased frequency of birth defects in fish populations in the pond

• Increased mutualistic relationships between fish and frog populations in the pond

• Increased dissolved oxygen in the pond

Open Ended

Identify a toxic metal other than mercury that has a negative effect on human health and describe how it is introduced into the environment.

Multiple Choice

Which pollutant can be emitted by vehicle exhaust and coal-fired power plants to form tropospheric ozone?

• NO2

• CO2

• SO2

• CH4

Multiple Choice

Exposure to high concentrations of which of the following substances can cause kidney and brain damage?

• Lead.

• Acid rain.

• Asbestos.

• Sulfur dioxide.

Multiple Choice

________ are disease-causing organisms that are so small you need a microscope to see them. Think "fancy word for germs".

• Virus

• Disease

• Communicable

• Pathogen

Multiple Choice

Mosquitoes and Ticks are examples of organisms that can spread disease.  These types of organisms are refereed to as?

• Vectors
• Fungi
• Pathogens

Multiple Choice

A doctor would most likely prescribe an antibiotic to treat what type of pathogen?

• Fungi
• Helminth
• Virus
• Bacteria

Multiple Choice

The study of the spread of disease is ?

• Pathology
• Biology
• Anatomy
• Epidemiology

Multiple Choice

A protein that attacks antigens is called:

• Antibody

• Immune response

• Inflammatory Response

• Vector

Multiple Choice

What is a vaccine?

• A weakened pathogen injected in the body to produce immunity

• Temporary immunity that develops as natural exposure

• An overreaction of the immune system

• Medicine that helps after you're infected

Multiple Choice

Describe why researchers would most likely find evidence of endocrine disruption in fish and amphibians that are predators.

• Predators are larger than prey and easier to catch.

• Chemicals biomagnify in an aquatic food chain.

• Smaller organisms like invertebrates that frogs eat don't have hormones.

• Predators are lower on the food chain.

Multiple Choice

A small remote community in rural Alaska is hoping to upgrade their wastewater treatment facility by adding an additional step of UV light exposure before discharging treated water. UV light destroys the DNA of disease causing microbes so they can not reproduce. They will be testing 3 different lengths of time the water is in contact with the UV light. This is called contact time. After UV exposure, bacterial sampling will take place.

In the experiment above, what would be an appropriate control?

• A control would be to keep the contact time the same for all samples.

• A control would be the type of bacteria tested.

• A control would be wastewater that has no contact time with the UV light.

• A control would be to use a different type of light besides UV for the contact time.