4.5 Task 1 - Lesson 2 (online)

4.5 WRITING TASK 1
LESSON 2
DẠNG BIỂU ĐỒ CHỈ CÓ
YẾU TỐ SO SÁNH

Multiple Choice

LET'S REVISE!

Choose the best answer.

Như thế nào là biểu đồ có yếu tố xu hướng?

• có mốc thời gian

• có khoảng thời gian

• có số liệu

• là các biểu đồ sau: biểu đồ cột, biểu đồ đường, biểu đồ tròn, và biểu đồ bảng biểu

​Rearrange the following sentences.

1. from 5.5 / and 1980 / Fruit production / between 1970 / rose / in Spain / per year / to 6 million tons

2. witnessed / decline / a / 5 million tons / The production / slow and steady / to / in 2010

3. a gradual / 2.5 million tons in 1970 / Germany’s fruit production / decrease / from around / underwent / in 2010 / to approximately 1.25 million tons

Fill in the Blanks

from 5.5 / and 1980 / Fruit production / between 1970 / rose / in Spain / per year / to 6 million tons

Fill in the Blanks

witnessed / decline / a / 5 million tons / The production / slow and steady / to / in 2010

Fill in the Blanks

a gradual / 2.5 million tons in 1970 / Germany’s fruit production / decrease / from around / underwent / in 2010 / to approximately 1.25 million tons

BIỂU ĐỒ CHỈ CÓ YẾU TỐ SO SÁNH

=> Là biểu đồ chỉ có 1 cột mốc thời gian, hoặc không hề có yếu tố thời gian.

BIỂU ĐỒ CHỈ CÓ YẾU TỐ SO SÁNH

=> Là biểu đồ chỉ có 1 cột mốc thời gian, hoặc không hề có yếu tố thời gian.

BIỂU ĐỒ CHỈ CÓ YẾU TỐ SO SÁNH

=> Là biểu đồ chỉ có 1 cột mốc thời gian, hoặc không hề có yếu tố thời gian.

NGÔN NGỮ SO SÁNH

CẤU TRÚC SO SÁNH HƠN - với tính từ

ĐỐI TƯỢNG A + TRẠNG TỪ (chỉ mức độ chênh lệch) + TÍNH TỪ SO SÁNH HƠN + THAN + ĐỐI TƯỢNG B

Ví dụ:
1. Vietnam’s coffee production is significantly higher than that of Laos.
2. A Roll-Royce is disproportionately more expensive than a KIA.

​	​Đối tượng A	Mức độ chênh lệch​	Tính từ so sánh hơn ​	Đối tượng B ​
​Câu 1	​	​	​	​
Câu 2​	​	​	​	​

Multiple Choice

With 35%, the figure for men in Germany was relatively ....................... than that of women, with 45%.

• low

• lower

• lowest

• more

Multiple Choice

The figure for men in Switzerland was 45%, which was significantly .................... than that of women, with 35%.

• higher

• high

• lower

• less high

Multiple Choice

Time for brushing teeth at the 6-8-year-old group is 50 hours, which is ............................................. the other two age groups.

• relative highly than

• relatively less high than

• relatively higher

• relatively higher than

NGÔN NGỮ SO SÁNH

CẤU TRÚC SO SÁNH HƠN - với danh từ

ĐỐI TƯỢNG A + ĐỘNG TỪ + TRẠNG TỪ (chỉ mức độ chênh lệch) + MORE/LESS/FEWER + DANH TỪ + THAN + ĐỐI TƯỢNG B

Ví dụ:
Ho Chi Minh City has considerably more citizens than Binh Duong.

​Đối tượng A	Động từ	Mức độ chênh lệch​	Danh từ	Đối tượng B ​
​	​	​	​	​

Chú ý phân biệt MORE/LESS/FEWER

• more + danh từ không đếm được / danh từ đếm được số nhiều

  VD: more water, more students

• less + danh từ không đếm được

  VD: less money, less time

• fewer + danh từ đếm được số nhiều

  VD: fewer students, fewer houses

NGÔN NGỮ SO SÁNH

CẤU TRÚC SO SÁNH NHẤT - với tính từ

DANH TỪ CHỈ SỐ LIỆU + ĐỐI TƯỢNG A + TO BE + TÍNH TỪ SO SÁNH NHẤT

Ví dụ:
The percentage of boys who played football was the highest.

Danh từ chỉ số liệu	​Đối tượng A	to be	Tính từ so sánh nhất ​
​	​	​	​

NGÔN NGỮ SO SÁNH

CẤU TRÚC SO SÁNH NHẤT - với tính từ

ĐỐI TƯỢNG A + ĐỘNG TỪ + TÍNH TỪ SO SÁNH NHẤT + DANH TỪ

Ví dụ:
1. Germany had the lowest percentage of fruit production.
2. With $50,000 a year, teachers in Denmark receive the highest salary.

​	Đối tượng A	Động từ	Tính từ so sánh nhất ​	​Danh từ
Câu 1	​	​	​	​
Câu 2	​	​	​	​

NGÔN NGỮ SO SÁNH

CẤU TRÚC SO SÁNH NHẤT - với danh từ

ĐỐI TƯỢNG A + ĐỘNG TỪ + THE MOST/LEAST/FEWEST + DANH TỪ

Ví dụ:
In 2022, Computer science attracted the most students.








Note: Cách phân biệt the most/least/fewest giống với more/less/fewer

​Đối tượng A	Động từ	Mức độ chênh lệch​	Danh từ
​	​	​	​

NGÔN NGỮ SO SÁNH

CẤU TRÚC SO SÁNH BẰNG - với danh từ

ĐỐI TƯỢNG A + ĐỘNG TỪ + AS MANY/MUCH/FEW/LITTLE + NOUN AS + ĐỐI TƯỢNG B

Ví dụ:
1. Young adults spend as little time reading books as teenagers.
2. Boys bought as few books as girls.







ĐỐI TƯỢNG A + ĐỘNG TỪ + NOT AS MANY/MUCH/FEW/LITTLE + NOUN AS + ĐỐI TƯỢNG B
Ví dụ: Moviegoers spend not as much money as people who go to the theme park.

​	Đối tượng A	Động từ	So sánh bằng	Đối tượng B
Câu 1	​	​	​	​
Câu 2	​	​	​	​

NGÔN NGỮ SO SÁNH

CẤU TRÚC SO SÁNH BẰNG - với tính từ

ĐỐI TƯỢNG A + ĐỘNG TỪ + AS MUCH/HIGH AS + ĐỐI TƯỢNG B

Ví dụ:
1. The percentage of female students is as high as that of males.
2. Doctors in Germany earn as much as in France.

​	Đối tượng A	Động từ	So sánh bằng	Đối tượng B
Câu 1	​	​	​	​
Câu 2	​	​	​	​

Phân biệt many/much/few/little

​many / few + danh từ đếm được số nhiều	many students, few books
much / little​ + danh từ không đếm được	much oil, little food

NGÔN NGỮ SO SÁNH

CẤU TRÚC SO SÁNH BỘI SỐ - với danh từ

ĐỐI TƯỢNG A + ĐỘNG TỪ + BỘI SỐ + AS MANY/MUCH + NOUN AS + ĐỐI TƯỢNG B

Ví dụ:
1. Young adults spend twice as much time reading books as teenagers.
2. Boys bought four times as many books as girls.

NGÔN NGỮ SO SÁNH

CẤU TRÚC SO SÁNH BỘI SỐ - với tính từ

ĐỐI TƯỢNG A + ĐỘNG TỪ + BỘI SỐ + AS MUCH/HIGH AS + ĐỐI TƯỢNG B

Ví dụ:
1. The percentage of female students is twice as high as that of males.
2. Doctors in Germany earn three times as much as in France.

Fill in the Blanks

Điền các từ so sánh vào chỗ trống sao cho miêu tả phù hợp với biểu đồ. 

Đề bài: The chart gives information about the average time (hours) a teacher spent teaching in three different school types in four countries in 2001.

the highest figure 

slightly lower than

considerably lower than

approximately as high as

significantly higher than

1. Primary school teachers in Japan worked approximately (xấp xỉ) 600 hours, which was ……………………… the figures for Spain and Iceland.

Fill in the Blanks

Điền các từ so sánh vào chỗ trống sao cho miêu tả phù hợp với biểu đồ. 

Đề bài: The chart gives information about the average time (hours) a teacher spent teaching in three different school types in four countries in 2001.

the highest figure 

slightly lower than

considerably lower than

approximately as high as

significantly higher than

2. Primary school teachers in the US worked around (khoảng) 750 hours, which was ……………………… among (trong số) the countries.

Fill in the Blanks

Điền các từ so sánh vào chỗ trống sao cho miêu tả phù hợp với biểu đồ. 

Đề bài: The chart gives information about the average time (hours) a teacher spent teaching in three different school types in four countries in 2001.

the highest figure 

slightly lower than

considerably lower than

approximately as high as

significantly higher than

3. Lower Secondary school teachers in Iceland worked approximately 600 hours, which was ……………………… their counterparts (đối phương) in Japan.

Fill in the Blanks

Điền các từ so sánh vào chỗ trống sao cho miêu tả phù hợp với biểu đồ. 

Đề bài: The chart gives information about the average time (hours) a teacher spent teaching in three different school types in four countries in 2001.

the highest figure 

slightly lower than

considerably lower than

approximately as high as

significantly higher than

4. Upper Secondary school teachers in the US spent 1200 hours at school, which was ……………………… any other country in the chart. 

Fill in the Blanks

Điền các từ so sánh vào chỗ trống sao cho miêu tả phù hợp với biểu đồ. 

Đề bài: The chart gives information about the average time (hours) a teacher spent teaching in three different school types in four countries in 2001.

the highest figure 

slightly lower than

considerably lower than

approximately as high as

significantly higher than

5. The working hours of Upper Secondary school teachers in Japan was 700 hours, which was ……………………… the figure for their Spanish counterparts, at 900 hours.

Fill in the Blanks

Điền các từ so sánh vào chỗ trống sao cho miêu tả phù hợp với biểu đồ. 

Đề bài: The table shows the information on total health expenditure per citizen in five countries in 2019.

the largest  

considerably lower than

nearly as high as

the lowest figure

half

1. The expenditure on health per capita recorded in the United States was $11,072, which was ………………………………….. among the nations. 

Fill in the Blanks

Điền các từ so sánh vào chỗ trống sao cho miêu tả phù hợp với biểu đồ. 

Đề bài: The table shows the information on total health expenditure per citizen in five countries in 2019.

the largest  

considerably lower than

nearly as high as

the lowest figure

half

2. The health expenditure per capita of Australia was around $5,200, which was nearly (gần bằng) ………………………………….. that figure for the United States. 

Fill in the Blanks

Điền các từ so sánh vào chỗ trống sao cho miêu tả phù hợp với biểu đồ. 

Đề bài: The table shows the information on total health expenditure per citizen in five countries in 2019.

the largest  

considerably lower than

nearly as high as

the lowest figure

half

3. The amount of money spent on health per capita in Japan was approximately $4,800, which was ………………………………….. that in the United Kingdom.

Fill in the Blanks

Điền các từ so sánh vào chỗ trống sao cho miêu tả phù hợp với biểu đồ. 

Đề bài: The table shows the information on total health expenditure per citizen in five countries in 2019.

the largest  

considerably lower than

nearly as high as

the lowest figure

half

4. The expenditure on health per capita in Australia was $5,187, which was ………………………………….. the number of Germany.

Fill in the Blanks

Điền các từ so sánh vào chỗ trống sao cho miêu tả phù hợp với biểu đồ. 

Đề bài: The table shows the information on total health expenditure per citizen in five countries in 2019.

the largest  

considerably lower than

nearly as high as

the lowest figure

half

5. The UK had its health expenditure per capita at 4,653 dollars, which was ……………………………………

CẤU TRÚC MIÊU TẢ SỐ LIỆU

The number/amount/percentage/proportion of/figure for + Subject + who/which + Verb + be + Number
The percentage of / males aged 18-20 / who participated in basketball / was / over 30%.



There + be + Number + of Subject + who/which + Verb + Participant
There were / over 30% / of males aged 18-20 / who played basketball.

CẤU TRÚC SO SÁNH SỐ LIỆU

Cấu trúc 1: Cấu trúc miêu tả số liệu của [Subject A] , + which + [Comparison] + [Subject B]

The amount of imported tea in the USA was around 110.000 tonnes, which was 70000 tonnes higher than that of imported coffee.

There was around 160.000 tonnes of imported tea in the USA, which was the highest among the four countries.

The amount of imported coffee in Canada was 20.000 tonnes, which was as high as that in the USA.

There was 40.000 tonnes of imported coffee in the USA, which was twice as high as that in the UK.

CẤU TRÚC SO SÁNH SỐ LIỆU

Cấu trúc 2: With + [Number A] , the number/amount/percentage of + [Subject A] + [Comparison] + [Subject B] , with + [Number B]

With $1400, the amount of money that male technicians earned weekly was $500 higher than that of their female counterparts, with $900.

With $2000, male professionals’ weekly salary was the highest among the professions.

With $2000, the weekly amount of money that male professionals earned was approximately as high as female professionals' weekly salary, with $1900.

With $1900, female professionals’ weekly salary was twice as high as female service workers’, with $950.

CẤU TRÚC SO SÁNH SỐ LIỆU

Cấu trúc 3: The number/amount/percentage of + [Subject A] , which + be + [Number A] , + [Comparison] + [Subject B] , which + be + [Number B]

The amount of time spent on watching TV by people aged 75 and over, which was 4.5 hours, was about 2 hours more than that of people aged 15-19, which was only 2.4 hours.

The amount of time spent on watching TV by people aged 75 and over, which was 4.5 hours, was the highest figure among the activities.

The amount of time spent on socializing and communicating by people aged 15-19, which was around 0.75
hours, was approximately as high as that of people aged 75 and over, which was 0.65 hours.

The amount of time spent on watching TV by people aged 75 and over, which was 4.5 hours, was about twice as high as that of people aged 15-19, which was only 2.4 hours.