changing direct into indirect speech

​​CHANGING DIRECT SPEECH TO INDIRECT SPEECH

Read each item carefully. Then, choose the appropriate verb form from the choices below. Write only the letter of you answer.

Multiple Choice

He said, “I love the life in the province.”

He said that he _____ living at the countryside.

• a. loves

• b. loved

• c. had loved

• d. has loved

Multiple Choice

They said, “They are going out.”

They said that they _____ out.

• a. are going

• b. were going

• c. have gone

• d. been going

Multiple Choice

Mr. Lazaro says, “COVID-19 has changed the whole world.”

Mr. Lazaro says that COVID-19 ______ the whole world.

• a. has changed

• b. is changed

• c. had changed

• d. was changed

Multiple Choice

Marielle says, “I enjoy playing volleyball with my cousins.”

Marielle says that she _______ playing volleyball with her cousins.

• a. has enjoyed

• b. enjoyed

• c. enjoys

• d. had enjoyed

Multiple Choice

Jona said, “I will take my mother to her doctor.”

Jona said that she _______ her mother to her doctor.

• a. will take

• b. would take

• c. is taking

• d. has taken

​​CHANGING DIRECT SPEECH TO INDIRECT SPEECH

4. The verb in the quoted part remains present even if the verb in the introductory part is past tense when the quoted part says or asks for a fact or truth.

Example:

Clinton said, “The computer is a wonder machine.”

Reported:

- Clinton said that the computer is a wonder machine.

Example:

1. Sarah mentioned, "The Earth revolves around the sun."

Example:

1. Tom reported, "Dogs have a better sense of smell than humans." Reported: Tom reported that dogs have a better sense of smell than humans.

2. The professor affirmed, "Cells regenerate in certain tissues." Reported: The professor affirmed that cells regenerate in certain tissues.

3. David mentioned, "Light travels faster than sound." Reported: David mentioned that light travels faster than sound.

4. The researcher concluded, "Humans originated in Africa." Reported: The researcher concluded that humans originated in Africa.

5. The doctor confirmed, "Oxygen is necessary for combustion." Reported: The doctor confirmed that oxygen is necessary for combustion.

6. Lisa pointed out, "The sun rises in the east." Reported: Lisa pointed out that the sun rises in the east.

Example:

1. Sarah mentioned, "The Earth revolves around the sun."

   Reported: Sarah mentioned that the Earth revolves around the sun.

Open Ended

1. Mark claimed, "Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius."

Example:

1. Sarah mentioned, "The Earth revolves around the sun."

   Reported: Sarah mentioned that the Earth revolves around the sun.

2. Mark claimed, "Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius."

Example:

1. Sarah mentioned, "The Earth revolves around the sun."

   Reported: Sarah mentioned that the Earth revolves around the sun.

2. Mark claimed, "Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius."

   Reported: Mark claimed that water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.

Open Ended

1. The scientist asserted, "Gravity affects all objects equally."

Example:

1. Sarah mentioned, "The Earth revolves around the sun."

   Reported: Sarah mentioned that the Earth revolves around the sun.

2. Mark claimed, "Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius."

   Reported: Mark claimed that water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.

3. The scientist asserted, "Gravity affects all objects equally."

Example:

1. Sarah mentioned, "The Earth revolves around the sun."

   Reported: Sarah mentioned that the Earth revolves around the sun.

2. Mark claimed, "Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius."

   Reported: Mark claimed that water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.

3. The scientist asserted, "Gravity affects all objects equally." Reported: The scientist asserted that gravity affects all objects equally.

5. If the quoted part is an imperative sentence, it is changed into an infinitive phrase to make a reported declarative sentence.

Example:

Our adviser told us, “Take short-term computer courses in college for six months.”

Reported:

Our adviser told us to take short-term computer courses in college for six months.

Example:

1. The coach instructed, "Run five laps around the track."

Example:

1. The coach instructed, "Run five laps around the track."

   Reported: The coach instructed them to run five laps around the track.

Open Ended

1. The chef commanded, "Add salt and pepper to taste."

Example:

1. The coach instructed, "Run five laps around the track."

   Reported: The coach instructed them to run five laps around the track.

2. The chef commanded, "Add salt and pepper to taste."

Example:

1. The coach instructed, "Run five laps around the track."

   Reported: The coach instructed them to run five laps around the track.

2. The chef commanded, "Add salt and pepper to taste."

   Reported: The chef commanded them to add salt and pepper to taste.

Open Ended

1. The teacher ordered, "Complete the assignment by Friday."

Example:

1. The coach instructed, "Run five laps around the track."

   Reported: The coach instructed them to run five laps around the track.

2. The chef commanded, "Add salt and pepper to taste."

   Reported: The chef commanded them to add salt and pepper to taste.

3. The teacher ordered, "Complete the assignment by Friday."

Example:

1. The coach instructed, "Run five laps around the track." Reported: The coach instructed them to run five laps around the track.

2. The chef commanded, "Add salt and pepper to taste." Reported: The chef commanded them to add salt and pepper to taste.

3. The teacher ordered, "Complete the assignment by Friday." Reported: The teacher ordered them to complete the assignment by Friday.

6. The pronouns in the quoted part are replaced accordingly:

- You with I or we if it is used as a subject.

Example:

Jimmy asks, “What course do you take up in college?”

Reported:

Jimmy asks what course I take up in college.

- You with me or us if it is used as an object.

Example:

1. Sarah said, "Can you help me with this problem?"

Example:

1. Sarah said, "Can you help me with this problem?"

   Reported: Sarah asked if I could help her with that problem.

Open Ended

1. The teacher asked, "Will you please pass me the textbooks?"

Example:

1. Sarah said, "Can you help me with this problem?"

   Reported: Sarah asked if I could help her with that problem.

2. The teacher asked, "Will you please pass me the textbooks?"

Example:

1. Sarah said, "Can you help me with this problem?"

   Reported: Sarah asked if I could help her with that problem.

2. The teacher asked, "Will you please pass me the textbooks?" Reported: The teacher asked if we would please pass her the textbooks.

Open Ended

1. John said, "Why don't you join us for dinner tonight?"

Example:

1. Sarah said, "Can you help me with this problem?"

   Reported: Sarah asked if I could help her with that problem.

2. The teacher asked, "Will you please pass me the textbooks?" Reported: The teacher asked if we would please pass her the textbooks.

3. John said, "Why don't you join us for dinner tonight?"

Example:

1. Sarah said, "Can you help me with this problem?"

   Reported: Sarah asked if I could help her with that problem.

2. The teacher asked, "Will you please pass me the textbooks?" Reported: The teacher asked if we would please pass her the textbooks.

3. John said, "Why don't you join us for dinner tonight?"

   Reported: John asked why I don't join them for dinner tonight.